Question 1

What is statistical significance?

Accepted Answer

Statistical significance is a term used

Question 2

Which is the key criterion for selecting a dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitivity of the variable to changes in the independent variable 
B)  measurement capabilities in the experiment 
C)  relationship of the dependent variable to the independent variable 
D)  preference of the researcher 
A)  sensitivity of the variable to changes in the independent variable 
B)  measurement capabilities in the experiment 
C)  relationship of the dependent variable to the independent variable 
D)  preference of the researcher

Question 3

Which type of study may NOT have an implied null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlational 
B)  descriptive 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  experimental 
A)  correlational 
B)  descriptive 
C)  quasi-experimental 
D)  experimental

Question 4

What is the difference between the dependent and independent variable?

Accepted Answer

The dependent and independent variables

Question 5

What is the term often associated with the random variability introduced into every study as a function of the group of subjects participating, as well as many other unforeseen factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic error 
B)  non-normality 
C)  biased sampling 
D)  chance 
A)  systematic error 
B)  non-normality 
C)  biased sampling 
D)  chance

Question 6

A nondirectional research hypothesis is similar to a directional hypothesis in what way?

Accepted Answer

A)  both specify the direction of the difference between groups 
B)  both reflect differences between groups 
C)  both are non-specific regarding the direction of group differences 
D)  both make no suggestion of group differences 
A)  both specify the direction of the difference between groups 
B)  both reflect differences between groups 
C)  both are non-specific regarding the direction of group differences 
D)  both make no suggestion of group differences

Question 7

Which of the following is another term for dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  interacting variable 
B)  predictor variable 
C)  criterion variable 
D)  restricting variable 
A)  interacting variable 
B)  predictor variable 
C)  criterion variable 
D)  restricting variable

Question 8

Dr. Flemming found a statistically significant relationship between gender and aggressive playground activity. Dr. Flemming can conclude which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely due to chance. 
B)  The relationship is probably coincidence. 
C)  The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely not due to chance. 
D)  Gender causes aggressive playground activity. 
A)  The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely due to chance. 
B)  The relationship is probably coincidence. 
C)  The effect of gender on aggressive playground activity is likely not due to chance. 
D)  Gender causes aggressive playground activity.

Question 9

The significance level reported in a research study can be explained by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  importance of the results to the benefit of society 
B)  statistical methods to determine the results of the study 
C)  risk associated with not being 100% confident the difference is due to the treatment 
D)  importance of the results to the benefit of an individual 
A)  importance of the results to the benefit of society 
B)  statistical methods to determine the results of the study 
C)  risk associated with not being 100% confident the difference is due to the treatment 
D)  importance of the results to the benefit of an individual

Question 10

The null hypothesis represents which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  no relationship between the variables under study 
B)  a positive relationship between the independent and dependent variables 
C)  a negative relationship between the independent and dependent variables 
D)  a difference between the variables under study 
A)  no relationship between the variables under study 
B)  a positive relationship between the independent and dependent variables 
C)  a negative relationship between the independent and dependent variables 
D)  a difference between the variables under study

Question 11

Sampling allows researchers to overcome the problem of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  overcrowded laboratories 
B)  biased subject response 
C)  not having access to the whole population 
D)  not having access to the proper statistical methods 
A)  overcrowded laboratories 
B)  biased subject response 
C)  not having access to the whole population 
D)  not having access to the proper statistical methods

Question 12

In testing whether riding a bicycle at least 30 minutes each day reduces weight, what would be the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  the person's age 
B)  amount of time bicycling each day 
C)  the person's weight 
D)  the person's diet 
A)  the person's age 
B)  amount of time bicycling each day 
C)  the person's weight 
D)  the person's diet

Question 13

Given no other information, chance is always the most likely explanation for differences between two groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  True 
B)  False 
A)  True 
B)  False

Question 14

List five differences between a null hypothesis and a research hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

1. Definition: 
   - Null hypothesis: Th

Question 15

What type of variable has an unpredictable impact on the dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  wild variable 
B)  independent variable 
C)  extraneous variable 
D)  moderator variable 
A)  wild variable 
B)  independent variable 
C)  extraneous variable 
D)  moderator variable

Question 16

In a study of the effect of the amount TV viewing on children's aggressiveness, amount of TV viewing would be what type of variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variable 
B)  dependent variable 
C)  control variable 
D)  extraneous variable 
A)  independent variable 
B)  dependent variable 
C)  control variable 
D)  extraneous variable

Question 17

Describe differences between the sample and the population.

Accepted Answer

The sample and the population refer to t

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a relationship between the season of the year and a person's affect. 
B)  Ho: XA ≠ XB 
C)  There is a difference in symptoms between Group A and Group B. 
D)  Ho: µA = µB 
A)  There is a relationship between the season of the year and a person's affect. 
B)  Ho: XA ≠ XB 
C)  There is a difference in symptoms between Group A and Group B. 
D)  Ho: µA = µB

Question 19

When variables compete to explain the same effects, what are they sometimes called?

Accepted Answer

A)  contradictory 
B)  intertwining 
C)  confounding 
D)  interdependent 
A)  contradictory 
B)  intertwining 
C)  confounding 
D)  interdependent

Question 20

What are the purposes of the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis, often denoted as H0

What is statistical significance?

Which is the key criterion for selecting a dependent variable?

Which type of study may NOT have an implied null hypothesis?

What is the difference between the dependent and independent variable?

What is the term often associated with the random variability introduced into every study as a function of the group of subjects participating, as well as many other unforeseen factors?

A nondirectional research hypothesis is similar to a directional hypothesis in what way?

Which of the following is another term for dependent variable?

Dr. Flemming found a statistically significant relationship between gender and aggressive playground activity. Dr. Flemming can conclude which of the following?

The significance level reported in a research study can be explained by which of the following?

The null hypothesis represents which of the following statements?

Sampling allows researchers to overcome the problem of which of the following?

In testing whether riding a bicycle at least 30 minutes each day reduces weight, what would be the independent variable?

Given no other information, chance is always the most likely explanation for differences between two groups.

List five differences between a null hypothesis and a research hypothesis.

What type of variable has an unpredictable impact on the dependent variable?

In a study of the effect of the amount TV viewing on children's aggressiveness, amount of TV viewing would be what type of variable?

Describe differences between the sample and the population.

Which of the following is an example of a null hypothesis?

When variables compete to explain the same effects, what are they sometimes called?

What are the purposes of the null hypothesis?

The Role and Importance of Research

A: Selecting a Problem and Reviewing the Research

B: Ethics: the Basic Principles

Sampling and Generalizability

Measurement, Reliability, and Validity

Methods of Measuring Behavior

Data Collection and Descriptive Statistics

Introducing Inferential Statistics

Nonexperimental Research: Descriptive and Correlational Methods

Nonexperimental Research: Qualitative Methods

Pre- and True Experimental Research Methods

Quasi-Experimental Research: a Close Cousin to Experimental Research

Writing a Research Proposal

Writing a Research Manuscript

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Exam 2: The Research Process: Coming to Terms

What is statistical significance?

Which is the key criterion for selecting a dependent variable?

Which type of study may NOT have an implied null hypothesis?

What is the difference between the dependent and independent variable?

What is the term often associated with the random variability introduced into every study as a function of the group of subjects participating, as well as many other unforeseen factors?

A nondirectional research hypothesis is similar to a directional hypothesis in what way?

Which of the following is another term for dependent variable?

Dr. Flemming found a statistically significant relationship between gender and aggressive playground activity. Dr. Flemming can conclude which of the following?

The significance level reported in a research study can be explained by which of the following?

The null hypothesis represents which of the following statements?

Sampling allows researchers to overcome the problem of which of the following?

In testing whether riding a bicycle at least 30 minutes each day reduces weight, what would be the independent variable?

Given no other information, chance is always the most likely explanation for differences between two groups.

List five differences between a null hypothesis and a research hypothesis.

What type of variable has an unpredictable impact on the dependent variable?

In a study of the effect of the amount TV viewing on children's aggressiveness, amount of TV viewing would be what type of variable?

Describe differences between the sample and the population.

Which of the following is an example of a null hypothesis?

When variables compete to explain the same effects, what are they sometimes called?

What are the purposes of the null hypothesis?

The Role and Importance of Research

A: Selecting a Problem and Reviewing the Research

B: Ethics: the Basic Principles

Sampling and Generalizability

Measurement, Reliability, and Validity

Methods of Measuring Behavior

Data Collection and Descriptive Statistics

Introducing Inferential Statistics

Nonexperimental Research: Descriptive and Correlational Methods

Nonexperimental Research: Qualitative Methods

Pre- and True Experimental Research Methods

Quasi-Experimental Research: a Close Cousin to Experimental Research

Writing a Research Proposal

Writing a Research Manuscript

Filters