Question 1

1-11.A diathesis can best be described as a

Accepted Answer

A) proximal necessary cause. 
B) sufficient cause. 
C) contributory cause. 
D) proximal causal factor. 
A) proximal necessary cause. 
B) sufficient cause. 
C) contributory cause. 
D) proximal causal factor. C

Question 2

1-35.Cortisol is a hormone that

Accepted Answer

A) is released by the hypothalamus and travels to the pituitary gland,causing it to respond. 
B) the pituitary gland releases to stimulate the adrenal gland. 
C) the adrenal gland produces that mobilizes the body to deal with stress. 
D) reduces the reuptake of the monamine neurotransmitters. 
A) is released by the hypothalamus and travels to the pituitary gland,causing it to respond. 
B) the pituitary gland releases to stimulate the adrenal gland. 
C) the adrenal gland produces that mobilizes the body to deal with stress. 
D) reduces the reuptake of the monamine neurotransmitters. C

Question 3

1-100.The effects of early social deprivation

Accepted Answer

A) are explained differently by the various psychosocial perspectives. 
B) have not been well-established. 
C) can't be explained by psychosocial theories. 
D) are not seen when physical needs are adequately met. 
A) are explained differently by the various psychosocial perspectives. 
B) have not been well-established. 
C) can't be explained by psychosocial theories. 
D) are not seen when physical needs are adequately met. A

Question 4

1-115.A psychologist who studied the relationship between sociocultural factors and mental disorders would be most likely to study

Accepted Answer

A) parenting style and self-schemas. 
B) poverty and racial discrimination. 
C) peer rejection and attributional style. 
D) assimilation and accommodation. 
A) parenting style and self-schemas. 
B) poverty and racial discrimination. 
C) peer rejection and attributional style. 
D) assimilation and accommodation.

Question 5

1-54.Which of the following is an example of a nonshared environmental influence?

Accepted Answer

A) Family economic status 
B) Divorce 
C) Death of a parent 
D) Sibling rivalry 
A) Family economic status 
B) Divorce 
C) Death of a parent 
D) Sibling rivalry

Question 6

1-33.Reuptake of neurotransmitters is

Accepted Answer

A) the process by which neurotransmitters are repeatedly released into the synapse. 
B) the process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the axon. 
C) the process by which neurotransmitters stimulate the post-synaptic neuron to fire. 
D) the process by which neurotransmitters are connected to hormones. 
A) the process by which neurotransmitters are repeatedly released into the synapse. 
B) the process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the axon. 
C) the process by which neurotransmitters stimulate the post-synaptic neuron to fire. 
D) the process by which neurotransmitters are connected to hormones.

Question 7

1-63.Biological discoveries

Accepted Answer

A) have lessened the subjectivity of definitions of abnormal. 
B) demonstrate that the environment plays only a minimal role in the development of psychopathology. 
C) make it clear that mental disorders are diseases and should be dealt with by the medical profession. 
D) have led to a recognition of the role that genetic factors and other biological influences play in the development of many disorders. 
A) have lessened the subjectivity of definitions of abnormal. 
B) demonstrate that the environment plays only a minimal role in the development of psychopathology. 
C) make it clear that mental disorders are diseases and should be dealt with by the medical profession. 
D) have led to a recognition of the role that genetic factors and other biological influences play in the development of many disorders.

Question 8

1-87.Alicia developed a fear of spiders after being bitten by one.However,she has no problems looking at pictures of spiders.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) discrimination. 
B) generalization. 
C) instrumental conditioning. 
D) intrapsychic conflict. 
A) discrimination. 
B) generalization. 
C) instrumental conditioning. 
D) intrapsychic conflict.

Question 9

1-13.In the diathesis-stress model,a stressor is

Accepted Answer

A) a distal,sufficient cause of a mental disorder. 
B) a necessary or contributory cause that is distal from the onset of symptoms. 
C) a necessary or contributory cause that is proximal to the onset of symptoms. 
D) a biological vulnerability. 
A) a distal,sufficient cause of a mental disorder. 
B) a necessary or contributory cause that is distal from the onset of symptoms. 
C) a necessary or contributory cause that is proximal to the onset of symptoms. 
D) a biological vulnerability.

Question 10

1-73.Which of the following did Freud believe played a causal role in the development of most forms of psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

A) Anxiety 
B) Depression 
C) Unresolved conflicts between the ego and the superego 
D) Fixation in the oral stage 
A) Anxiety 
B) Depression 
C) Unresolved conflicts between the ego and the superego 
D) Fixation in the oral stage

Question 11

1-59.Tracy and Shahid are both 3 months old.Tracy is highly active,easily irritated,and cries easily.Shahid is quiet,adapts easily to change,and seems fearless.These differences illustrate

Accepted Answer

A) the impact of shared environmental influences. 
B) how physical handicaps can have a genetic origin. 
C) differences in temperament. 
D) the fact that personality is more influenced by the environment than by genetics. 
A) the impact of shared environmental influences. 
B) how physical handicaps can have a genetic origin. 
C) differences in temperament. 
D) the fact that personality is more influenced by the environment than by genetics.

Question 12

1-83.After being bitten by a dog,Jose finds that he feels afraid whenever he sees a dog.In classical conditioning terms,the dog can be described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned response. 
B) unconditioned response. 
C) conditioned stimulus. 
D) unconditioned stimulus. 
A) conditioned response. 
B) unconditioned response. 
C) conditioned stimulus. 
D) unconditioned stimulus.

Question 13

Describe two of the methods for studying genetic influences.What can they tell us and what are their limitations?

Accepted Answer

The family history method observes relat

Question 14

1-74.Defense mechanisms

Accepted Answer

A) make a person feel more anxious and have more problems,because they begin to act defensively. 
B) are strategies the id uses to try to achieve what it desires. 
C) are conscious,intentional attempts to cope in an effective way with an anxiety producing event. 
D) help a person feel less anxious,but because they usually work by distorting reality,they are not always adaptive. 
A) make a person feel more anxious and have more problems,because they begin to act defensively. 
B) are strategies the id uses to try to achieve what it desires. 
C) are conscious,intentional attempts to cope in an effective way with an anxiety producing event. 
D) help a person feel less anxious,but because they usually work by distorting reality,they are not always adaptive.

Question 15

1-94.Schemas

Accepted Answer

A) do not really influence how we interpret the world. 
B) may be a source of psychological vulnerability. 
C) are always types of biases that color our interpretation of the world. 
D) are attempts to change other people's behavior. 
A) do not really influence how we interpret the world. 
B) may be a source of psychological vulnerability. 
C) are always types of biases that color our interpretation of the world. 
D) are attempts to change other people's behavior.

Question 16

1-22.Which of the following is an example of the phenomena that the term resilience has been used to describe?

Accepted Answer

A) Julie dreams of becoming a successful lawyer but never finished college. 
B) After failing French the first time,Carl did not earn a passing grade when he took the course for a second time. 
C) After his father died,Julio had a hard time maintaining responsibilities at work. 
D) Following the events of September 11th,the children of PS100 in New York City were able to resume their studies and finish the school year without incident. 
A) Julie dreams of becoming a successful lawyer but never finished college. 
B) After failing French the first time,Carl did not earn a passing grade when he took the course for a second time. 
C) After his father died,Julio had a hard time maintaining responsibilities at work. 
D) Following the events of September 11th,the children of PS100 in New York City were able to resume their studies and finish the school year without incident.

Question 17

How does abuse and maltreatment tend to affect a child's ability to relate to others?

Accepted Answer

They develop a disorganized an

Question 18

Etiology is

Accepted Answer

A) a condition that tends to maintain maladaptive behavior. 
B) the causal pattern of a disorder. 
C) a predisposition toward developing a disorder. 
D) a condition that makes it less likely a person will experience the negative consequences of stress. 
A) a condition that tends to maintain maladaptive behavior. 
B) the causal pattern of a disorder. 
C) a predisposition toward developing a disorder. 
D) a condition that makes it less likely a person will experience the negative consequences of stress.

Question 19

Compare and contrast the humanistic and existential perspectives.

Accepted Answer

While the humanistic and existential per

Question 20

Karen was sexually abused by her father at the age of 5.She developed a severe separation anxiety reaction whenever her mother tried to leave.As an adult, Karen developed a dissociative disorder due to the same abuse.This is an example of how the same factor,in this case abuse,can be

Accepted Answer

A) both a sufficient and a necessary cause. 
B) both a reinforcing contributory cause and a punishing contributory cause. 
C) both a primary and a secondary process. 
D) both a proximal and a distal causal factor. 
A) both a sufficient and a necessary cause. 
B) both a reinforcing contributory cause and a punishing contributory cause. 
C) both a primary and a secondary process. 
D) both a proximal and a distal causal factor.

1-11.A diathesis can best be described as a

1-35.Cortisol is a hormone that

1-100.The effects of early social deprivation

1-115.A psychologist who studied the relationship between sociocultural factors and mental disorders would be most likely to study

1-54.Which of the following is an example of a nonshared environmental influence?

1-33.Reuptake of neurotransmitters is

1-63.Biological discoveries

1-87.Alicia developed a fear of spiders after being bitten by one.However,she has no problems looking at pictures of spiders.This is an example of

1-13.In the diathesis-stress model,a stressor is

1-73.Which of the following did Freud believe played a causal role in the development of most forms of psychopathology?

1-59.Tracy and Shahid are both 3 months old.Tracy is highly active,easily irritated,and cries easily.Shahid is quiet,adapts easily to change,and seems fearless.These differences illustrate

1-83.After being bitten by a dog,Jose finds that he feels afraid whenever he sees a dog.In classical conditioning terms,the dog can be described as a(n)

Describe two of the methods for studying genetic influences.What can they tell us and what are their limitations?

1-74.Defense mechanisms

1-94.Schemas

1-22.Which of the following is an example of the phenomena that the term resilience has been used to describe?

How does abuse and maltreatment tend to affect a child's ability to relate to others?

Etiology is

Compare and contrast the humanistic and existential perspectives.

Karen was sexually abused by her father at the age of 5.She developed a severe separation anxiety reaction whenever her mother tried to leave.As an adult, Karen developed a dissociative disorder due to the same abuse.This is an example of how the same factor,in this case abuse,can be

Abnormal Psychology: an Overview

Historical and Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior

Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis

Stress and Physical and Mental Health

Panic,anxiety,obsessions,and Their Disorders

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders

Eating Disorders and Obesity

Personality Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Sexual Variants,abuse,and Dysfunctions

Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Neurocognitive Disorders

Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Therapy

Contemporary and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology

Filters

Exam 3: Causal Factors and Viewpoints

1-11.A diathesis can best be described as a

1-35.Cortisol is a hormone that

1-100.The effects of early social deprivation

1-115.A psychologist who studied the relationship between sociocultural factors and mental disorders would be most likely to study

1-54.Which of the following is an example of a nonshared environmental influence?

1-33.Reuptake of neurotransmitters is

1-63.Biological discoveries

1-87.Alicia developed a fear of spiders after being bitten by one.However,she has no problems looking at pictures of spiders.This is an example of

1-13.In the diathesis-stress model,a stressor is

1-73.Which of the following did Freud believe played a causal role in the development of most forms of psychopathology?

1-59.Tracy and Shahid are both 3 months old.Tracy is highly active,easily irritated,and cries easily.Shahid is quiet,adapts easily to change,and seems fearless.These differences illustrate

1-83.After being bitten by a dog,Jose finds that he feels afraid whenever he sees a dog.In classical conditioning terms,the dog can be described as a(n)

Describe two of the methods for studying genetic influences.What can they tell us and what are their limitations?

1-74.Defense mechanisms

1-94.Schemas

1-22.Which of the following is an example of the phenomena that the term resilience has been used to describe?

How does abuse and maltreatment tend to affect a child's ability to relate to others?

Etiology is

Compare and contrast the humanistic and existential perspectives.

Karen was sexually abused by her father at the age of 5.She developed a severe separation anxiety reaction whenever her mother tried to leave.As an adult, Karen developed a dissociative disorder due to the same abuse.This is an example of how the same factor,in this case abuse,can be

Abnormal Psychology: an Overview

Historical and Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior

Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis

Stress and Physical and Mental Health

Panic,anxiety,obsessions,and Their Disorders

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders

Eating Disorders and Obesity

Personality Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

Sexual Variants,abuse,and Dysfunctions

Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Neurocognitive Disorders

Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Therapy

Contemporary and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology

Filters