Question 1

The subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes is called

Accepted Answer

A)  heritability studies. 
B)  molecular genetics. 
C)  behavior genetics. 
D)  epigenetics. 
A)  heritability studies. 
B)  molecular genetics. 
C)  behavior genetics. 
D)  epigenetics.

Question 2

Jonathan and Jerry are identical twins.Jonathan has been diagnosed with schizophrenia but Jerry has not.Which of the following explains how this might occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  They developed from two separate fertilized eggs. 
B)  They had separate placentas during prenatal development. 
C)  While they have the same genes,they do not have the same number of those genes repeated in their genome. 
D)  They are fraternal twins,not identical twins. 
A)  They developed from two separate fertilized eggs. 
B)  They had separate placentas during prenatal development. 
C)  While they have the same genes,they do not have the same number of those genes repeated in their genome. 
D)  They are fraternal twins,not identical twins.

Question 3

Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar

Accepted Answer

A)  epigenetic marks. 
B)  religious beliefs. 
C)  temperaments. 
D)  political views. 
A)  epigenetic marks. 
B)  religious beliefs. 
C)  temperaments. 
D)  political views.

Question 4

Whether or not ________ is/are expressed depends on environmental influences.

Accepted Answer

A)  genes 
B)  DNA 
C)  chromosomes 
D)  genomes 
A)  genes 
B)  DNA 
C)  chromosomes 
D)  genomes

Question 5

The diversity of human traits is most clearly enabled by our shared

Accepted Answer

A)  moral values. 
B)  temperament. 
C)  epigenetic molecules. 
D)  adaptive capacity. 
A)  moral values. 
B)  temperament. 
C)  epigenetic molecules. 
D)  adaptive capacity.

Question 6

Molecular geneticists would be most directly interested in identifying the structure and function of specific

Accepted Answer

A)  heritability estimates. 
B)  protein molecules. 
C)  chromosome segments. 
D)  free-floating stress hormones. 
A)  heritability estimates. 
B)  protein molecules. 
C)  chromosome segments. 
D)  free-floating stress hormones.

Question 7

Overall,American males have grown 3 inches taller than their ancestors in the mid-1800s.What can account for this difference?

Accepted Answer

A)  The groups experienced different parenting styles as children. 
B)  The difference in height is probably related to nutritional differences. 
C)  The human genome has evolved during this time. 
D)  The difference in height is related to their differing genes. 
A)  The groups experienced different parenting styles as children. 
B)  The difference in height is probably related to nutritional differences. 
C)  The human genome has evolved during this time. 
D)  The difference in height is related to their differing genes.

Question 8

Anxious,inhibited infants become more physiologically aroused when facing new or strange situations.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  high serotonin levels. 
B)  temperament. 
C)  epigenetic molecules. 
D)  extraversion. 
A)  high serotonin levels. 
B)  temperament. 
C)  epigenetic molecules. 
D)  extraversion.

Question 9

Heritability refers to the extent to which trait variations among individuals are attributable to their differing

Accepted Answer

A)  epigenetic marks. 
B)  temperaments. 
C)  prenatal environments. 
D)  genes. 
A)  epigenetic marks. 
B)  temperaments. 
C)  prenatal environments. 
D)  genes.

Question 10

Some genetically influenced traits are expressed in some environments but not in others.This best illustrates the ________ of genes and environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  heritability 
B)  temperament 
C)  reactivity 
D)  interaction 
A)  heritability 
B)  temperament 
C)  reactivity 
D)  interaction

Question 11

Studies of identical twins who had been raised apart have most clearly increased scientific appreciation for the impact of ________ on personality development.

Accepted Answer

A)  gender 
B)  epigenetic marks 
C)  shared family environments 
D)  genetic influences 
A)  gender 
B)  epigenetic marks 
C)  shared family environments 
D)  genetic influences

Question 12

Chromosomes are located within human

Accepted Answer

A)  bone cells. 
B)  genes. 
C)  protein molecules. 
D)  DNA. 
A)  bone cells. 
B)  genes. 
C)  protein molecules. 
D)  DNA.

Question 13

A child's temperament is likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  difficult to observe. 
B)  stable over time. 
C)  an epigenetic mark. 
D)  a product of parenting style. 
A)  difficult to observe. 
B)  stable over time. 
C)  an epigenetic mark. 
D)  a product of parenting style.

Question 14

Twin and adoption studies have been most helpful for teasing apart the influences of

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional reactivity and emotional intensity. 
B)  extraversion and neuroticism. 
C)  genes and protein molecules. 
D)  nature and nurture. 
A)  emotional reactivity and emotional intensity. 
B)  extraversion and neuroticism. 
C)  genes and protein molecules. 
D)  nature and nurture.

Question 15

Dante is healthier than his twin brother because he developed with a better placental barrier against viruses.This best illustrates the impact of ________ on development.

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament 
B)  organic methyl molecules 
C)  the prenatal environment 
D)  genetic predispositions 
A)  temperament 
B)  organic methyl molecules 
C)  the prenatal environment 
D)  genetic predispositions

Question 16

Identical twins who have separate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta.This best illustrates the influence of ________ on development.

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatal environments 
B)  genetic predispositions 
C)  temperament 
D)  serotonin 
A)  prenatal environments 
B)  genetic predispositions 
C)  temperament 
D)  serotonin

Question 17

As members of the human family,we all share a common

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament. 
B)  epigenetic mark. 
C)  biological heritage. 
D)  cultural background. 
A)  temperament. 
B)  epigenetic mark. 
C)  biological heritage. 
D)  cultural background.

Question 18

A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on

Accepted Answer

A)  skin color. 
B)  sexual anatomy. 
C)  physical attractiveness. 
D)  personality traits. 
A)  skin color. 
B)  sexual anatomy. 
C)  physical attractiveness. 
D)  personality traits.

Question 19

In one study of more than 900 New Zealanders,emotionally reactive and impulsive 3-year-olds developed into somewhat more impulsive,aggressive,and conflict-prone 21-year-olds.This best illustrates the long-term stability of

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament. 
B)  adaptive capacity. 
C)  epigenetic marks. 
D)  shared family environments. 
A)  temperament. 
B)  adaptive capacity. 
C)  epigenetic marks. 
D)  shared family environments.

Question 20

For many personality traits,heritability,which refers to how much differences among people are due to ________,is about ________ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament;20 
B)  environment;35 
C)  genes;40 
D)  chromosomes;66 
A)  temperament;20 
B)  environment;35 
C)  genes;40 
D)  chromosomes;66

Exam 10: Adolescence

The subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes is called

Jonathan and Jerry are identical twins.Jonathan has been diagnosed with schizophrenia but Jerry has not.Which of the following explains how this might occur?

Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar

Whether or not ________ is/are expressed depends on environmental influences.

The diversity of human traits is most clearly enabled by our shared

Molecular geneticists would be most directly interested in identifying the structure and function of specific

Overall,American males have grown 3 inches taller than their ancestors in the mid-1800s.What can account for this difference?

Anxious,inhibited infants become more physiologically aroused when facing new or strange situations.This best illustrates the impact of

Heritability refers to the extent to which trait variations among individuals are attributable to their differing

Some genetically influenced traits are expressed in some environments but not in others.This best illustrates the ________ of genes and environments.

Studies of identical twins who had been raised apart have most clearly increased scientific appreciation for the impact of ________ on personality development.

Chromosomes are located within human

A child's temperament is likely to be

Twin and adoption studies have been most helpful for teasing apart the influences of

Dante is healthier than his twin brother because he developed with a better placental barrier against viruses.This best illustrates the impact of ________ on development.

Identical twins who have separate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta.This best illustrates the influence of ________ on development.

As members of the human family,we all share a common

A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on

In one study of more than 900 New Zealanders,emotionally reactive and impulsive 3-year-olds developed into somewhat more impulsive,aggressive,and conflict-prone 21-year-olds.This best illustrates the long-term stability of

For many personality traits,heritability,which refers to how much differences among people are due to ________,is about ________ percent.

The History and Scope of Psychology

Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Research Strategies: How Psychologists Ask and Answer Questions

Neural and Hormonal Systems

The Brain

Behavior Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Environmental Influences on Behavior, and Reflections on Nature and Nurture

Prenatal Development and the Newborn

Infancy and Childhood

Adulthood, and Reflections on Developmental Issues

Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Vision

Hearing

Other Senses

Perceptual Organization

Perceptual Interpretation

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

Hypnosis

Drugs and Consciousness

Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning

Learning by Observation

Introduction to Memory

Encoding: Getting Information In

Storage: Retaining Information

Retrieval: Getting Information Out

Forgetting, Memory Construction, and Applying Memory Principles to Your Own Education

Thinking

Language and Thought

Introduction to Intelligence

Assessing Intelligence

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Introduction to Motivation

Hunger

Sexual Motivation and the Need to Belong

Motivation at Work

Introduction to Emotion

Experienced Emotion

Expressed Emotion

Stress and Illness

Coping With Stress

Modifying Illness-Related Behaviors

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Humanistic Perspective

Contemporary Research on Personality

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Anxiety Disorders

Dissociative and Personality Disorders

Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia

The Psychological Therapies

Evaluating Psychotherapies

The Biomedical Therapies

Social Thinking

Appendix

Filters

For many personality traits,heritability,which refers to how much differences among people are due to ,is about percent.