Exam 9: Infancy and Childhood

The percentage of U.S.high school seniors who said there is "great risk" in regular marijuana usage ________ between 1978 and 1991,and it _________ between 1991 and 2015.

Brad's misuse of alcohol and other addictive drugs is influenced by genetic factors,by the ready availability of drugs in Brad's neighborhood,and by Brad's failure to accurately assess the risks associated with drug usage.An understanding of Brad's difficulties within the framework of multiple levels of analysis is most clearly provided by

A substance use disorder is best characterized by continued use of a substance

As drug users experience neuroadaptation,they demonstrate signs of

To prevent or reduce marijuana use,young people should be educated about

African-American teens have ________ rates of smoking and ________ rates of cocaine use than other U.S.teens.

Ryan's excessive beer consumption is marked by tolerance.Abruptly stopping his beer drinking results in symptoms of withdrawal and an overwhelming urge to drink again.Ryan most clearly suffers from

Which of the following psychoactive drugs produces the quickest and most powerful rush of euphoria?

Taking an overdose of ________ is likely to result in death.

Young women can become addicted to alcohol ________ quickly than young men because they have ________ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.

Young adolescents are especially likely to begin smoking if they

Jana has had such terrible alcohol withdrawal symptoms that she will not try again to cut back on her habit of drinking too much.Jana is most likely suffering from

Doug is a drug addict.The drug he is using gives him lots of energy but drastic mood changes and reduced dopamine levels.Which drug is he most likely using?

Compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite known adverse consequences is an indication of

Psychedelic drugs,which distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input,are called

Alcohol consumption is LEAST likely to make people more

Which process most clearly underlies the development of drug tolerance?

Fran uses ecstasy each weekend with her friends at the club.During the week,she craves the drug and spends most of her week planning how she will obtain and use the drug.During the early part of the week,she has difficulty getting back on track and recovering from her use over the weekend.She has missed work several times because of her drug use.Because she has been using the drug for an extended period of time,she needs more of the substance to obtain the desired effect.Which of the following best describes the severity of her substance use disorder?

Psychoactive drugs influence neurotransmission by stimulating,mimicking,or ________ the activity of neurotransmitters.

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior are called