Exam 20: Congestion Control

An example of _________ signaling is the explicit congestion notification capability provided in IP and TCP and defined in RFC 3168.

Explicit congestion signaling approaches can be divided into three general categories: Credit based,rate based,and ________ .

_________ refers to flows that will back off appropriately in the face of congestion.

________ discriminates between incoming packets that conform to QoS agreement and those that don't.

Congestion is only a critical problem for certain types of switched data networks.

When a TCP entity retransmits a segment using fast retransmit it assumes that a segment was lost,even though it has not yet timed out on that segment.

Traffic policing is concerned with traffic leaving the switch.

With the ________ approach a bit is set in a data packet as it is forwarded by the congested node.

A reservation scheme is an integral part of ATM networks.

The ________ specifies the amount by which the data rate can exceed the token rate for short periods of time.

__________ schemes are based on providing an explicit data rate limit to the source over a logical connection.

Explicit congestion signaling approaches work forward but not backward.

_________ occurs when the number of packets being transmitted through a network begins to approach the packet-handling capacity of the network.

________ is an effective congestion control technique in connectionless,or datagram,configurations,such as datagram packet-switching networks and IP-based internets.

The ________ scheme provides the input parameters to a policing function.

The purpose of the ________ mechanism is to gradually expand the window until acknowledgments are received.

________ is aimed at smoothing out traffic flow by reducing packet clumping that leads to fluctuations in buffer occupancy.

The objective of __________ is to maintain the number of packets within the network below the level at which performance falls off dramatically.

________ algorithm addresses RTT variance estimation.

One aspect of a reservation scheme is _______,in which a node in the network monitors the traffic flow and compares it to the traffic contract.