Question 1

Tetraethylammonium (TEA)

Accepted Answer

A)  blocks potassium channels. 
B)  blocks sodium channels. 
C)  blocks chlorine channels. 
D)  neutralizes large protein molecules. 
A)  blocks potassium channels. 
B)  blocks sodium channels. 
C)  blocks chlorine channels. 
D)  neutralizes large protein molecules.

Question 2

Nerve impulse describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  an action potential crossing the synaptic cleft. 
B)  input at the dendrites of a cell. 
C)  the movement of an action potential along the axon. 
D)  an action potential along the combined axons,which are called nerves. 
A)  an action potential crossing the synaptic cleft. 
B)  input at the dendrites of a cell. 
C)  the movement of an action potential along the axon. 
D)  an action potential along the combined axons,which are called nerves.

Question 3

EPSPs and IPSPs are first received by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the soma. 
B)  the neuronal membrane. 
C)  dendrites. 
D)  the axon hillock. 
A)  the soma. 
B)  the neuronal membrane. 
C)  dendrites. 
D)  the axon hillock.

Question 4

Small voltage fluctuations in the cell membrane that occur in the vicinity of the axon are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  action potentials. 
B)  graded potentials. 
C)  ion fluctuations. 
D)  nerve impulses. 
A)  action potentials. 
B)  graded potentials. 
C)  ion fluctuations. 
D)  nerve impulses.

Question 5

_____ channels are less sensitive than _____ channels,so during an action potential they open more slowly but remain open longer.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium;sodium 
B)  sodium;potassium 
C)  chloride;sodium 
D)  potassium;sodium 
A)  calcium;sodium 
B)  sodium;potassium 
C)  chloride;sodium 
D)  potassium;sodium

Question 6

Melissa,a 23-year-old woman,has been having tingling sensations in her right arm and leg for a few weeks.Today,when she woke up,she realized that she could barely move her right arm.She had a similar set of symptoms a couple of years ago,but they went away,so she thought everything was fine.Your advice to Melissa is to go to the doctor because:

Accepted Answer

A)  she may have the flu. 
B)  she may have a brain tumor. 
C)  she may have multiple sclerosis. 
D)  she may have Huntington disease. 
A)  she may have the flu. 
B)  she may have a brain tumor. 
C)  she may have multiple sclerosis. 
D)  she may have Huntington disease.

Question 7

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs)are recorded:

Accepted Answer

A)  at the synaptic knob. 
B)  in the axon. 
C)  in the dendrites. 
D)  from the cell body. 
A)  at the synaptic knob. 
B)  in the axon. 
C)  in the dendrites. 
D)  from the cell body.

Question 8

Myelin is important for propagating action potentials (AP)because:

Accepted Answer

A)  it increases the AP's conduction speed. 
B)  it reduces the need for sodium and potassium. 
C)  it conserves energy. 
D)  it both increases the AP's conduction speed and conserves energy. 
A)  it increases the AP's conduction speed. 
B)  it reduces the need for sodium and potassium. 
C)  it conserves energy. 
D)  it both increases the AP's conduction speed and conserves energy.

Question 9

The voltage of a neural membrane that is sufficient to cause an action potential is approximately _____;it is called a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

A)  -70 mV;resting potential 
B)  -50 mV;graded potential 
C)  -65 mV;threshold potential 
D)  -50 mV;threshold potential 
A)  -70 mV;resting potential 
B)  -50 mV;graded potential 
C)  -65 mV;threshold potential 
D)  -50 mV;threshold potential

Question 10

EPSPs on the distant dendrite's tree:

Accepted Answer

A)  have maximum influence on an action potential. 
B)  are easier to summate both spatially and temporally than EPSPs elsewhere. 
C)  are less likely to have a dynamic effect than those close to the axon hillock. 
D)  do not modulate action potentials. 
A)  have maximum influence on an action potential. 
B)  are easier to summate both spatially and temporally than EPSPs elsewhere. 
C)  are less likely to have a dynamic effect than those close to the axon hillock. 
D)  do not modulate action potentials.

Question 11

The domino effect best describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  the absolute refractory period. 
B)  the nerve impulse. 
C)  the relative refractory period. 
D)  the resting membrane potential. 
A)  the absolute refractory period. 
B)  the nerve impulse. 
C)  the relative refractory period. 
D)  the resting membrane potential.

Question 12

The neurotransmitter-sensitive ion channels on muscle end plates differ from other ion channels in that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they have a different resting membrane potential. 
B)  they allow only K+ to leave the neuronal membrane. 
C)  they allow only Cl- to leave the neuronal membrane. 
D)  K+ and Na+ enter and leave through the same channels. 
A)  they have a different resting membrane potential. 
B)  they allow only K+ to leave the neuronal membrane. 
C)  they allow only Cl- to leave the neuronal membrane. 
D)  K+ and Na+ enter and leave through the same channels.

Question 13

Stimulation producing two EPSPs in quick succession illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  spatial summation. 
B)  temporal summation. 
C)  both spatial and temporal summation. 
D)  neither spatial nor temporal summation. 
A)  spatial summation. 
B)  temporal summation. 
C)  both spatial and temporal summation. 
D)  neither spatial nor temporal summation.

Question 14

The notion that opposites attract best describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  a concentration gradient. 
B)  a voltage gradient. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  a concentration gradient. 
B)  a voltage gradient. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell membrane is semipermeable,so it keeps in large negatively charged protein molecules. 
B)  The membrane keeps out Na+ and allows K+ and Cl- to pass more freely. 
C)  The membrane has a sodium-potassium pump that removes potassium from inside the cell and replaces it with sodium. 
D)  The summed charges of the unequally distributed ions leave the inside of the membrane at -70 mV relative to the outside.This is the cell's resting potential. 
A)  The cell membrane is semipermeable,so it keeps in large negatively charged protein molecules. 
B)  The membrane keeps out Na+ and allows K+ and Cl- to pass more freely. 
C)  The membrane has a sodium-potassium pump that removes potassium from inside the cell and replaces it with sodium. 
D)  The summed charges of the unequally distributed ions leave the inside of the membrane at -70 mV relative to the outside.This is the cell's resting potential.

Question 16

The repolarization of the neuronal membrane is largely due to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  closing of calcium channels,stopping the influx of calcium. 
B)  opening of potassium channels,allowing the outflow of potassium. 
C)  closing of potassium channels,stopping the influx of potassium. 
D)  closing of sodium channels,stopping the outflow of sodium. 
A)  closing of calcium channels,stopping the influx of calcium. 
B)  opening of potassium channels,allowing the outflow of potassium. 
C)  closing of potassium channels,stopping the influx of potassium. 
D)  closing of sodium channels,stopping the outflow of sodium.

Exam 4:How Do Neurons Use Electrical Signals to Transmit Information? Part B

Tetraethylammonium (TEA)

Nerve impulse describes:

EPSPs and IPSPs are first received by:

Small voltage fluctuations in the cell membrane that occur in the vicinity of the axon are called:

_____ channels are less sensitive than _____ channels,so during an action potential they open more slowly but remain open longer.

Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs)are recorded:

Myelin is important for propagating action potentials (AP)because:

The voltage of a neural membrane that is sufficient to cause an action potential is approximately _____;it is called a(n)_____.

EPSPs on the distant dendrite's tree:

The domino effect best describes:

The neurotransmitter-sensitive ion channels on muscle end plates differ from other ion channels in that:

Stimulation producing two EPSPs in quick succession illustrates:

The notion that opposites attract best describes:

Which of the following is NOT true?

The repolarization of the neuronal membrane is largely due to the:

What Are the Origins of Brain and Behavior? Part A

What Are the Origins of Brain and Behavior? Part B

What Is the Nervous System's Functional Anatomy? Part A

What Is the Nervous System's Functional Anatomy? Part B

What Is the Nervous System's Functional Anatomy? Part C

What Are the Nervous System's Functional Units? Part A

What Are the Nervous System's Functional Units? Part B

What Are the Nervous System's Functional Units? Part C

How Do Neurons Use Electrical Signals to Transmit Information? Part A

How Do Neurons Communicate and Adapt? Part A

How Do Neurons Communicate and Adapt? Part B

How Do Neurons Communicate and Adapt? Part C

How Do Drugs and Hormones Influence the Brain and Behavior? Part A

How Do Drugs and Hormones Influence the Brain and Behavior? Part B

How Do We Study the Brain's Structures and Functions? Part A

How Do We Study the Brain's Structures and Functions? Part B

How Does the Nervous System Develop and Adapt? Part A

How Does the Nervous System Develop and Adapt? Part B

How Does the Nervous System Develop and Adapt? Part C

How Do We Sense, Perceive, and See the World? Part A

How Do We Sense, Perceive, and See the World? Part B

How Do We Sense, Perceive, and See the World? Part C

How Do We Hear, Speak, and Make Music? Part A

How Do We Hear, Speak, and Make Music? Part B

How Do We Hear, Speak, and Make Music? Part C

How Does the Nervous System Respond to Stimulation and Produce Movement? Part A

How Does the Nervous System Respond to Stimulation and Produce Movement? Part B

How Does the Nervous System Respond to Stimulation and Produce Movement? Part C

What Causes Emotional and Motivated Behavior? Part A

What Causes Emotional and Motivated Behavior? Part B

Why Do We Sleep and Dream? Part A

Why Do We Sleep and Dream? Part B

Why Do We Sleep and Dream? Part C

How Do We Learn and Remember? Part A

How Do We Learn and Remember? Part B

How Do We Learn and Remember? Part C

How Does the Brain Think? Part A

How Does the Brain Think? Part B

What Happens When the Brain Misbehaves?

Filters

_ channels are less sensitive than _ channels,so during an action potential they open more slowly but remain open longer.

The voltage of a neural membrane that is sufficient to cause an action potential is approximately _;it is called a(n)_.