Exam 17: Science, the Environment, and Society

Philosopher Ian Hacking suggests that:

The Cooperative Wheat Research and Production Program (later CIMMYT,the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center)was established in 1945 to:

Some gays and lesbians may be in favor of finding a so-called gay gene,because many in the gay community believe that:

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

What did Latour and Woolgar suggest may influence which research findings receive the most attention?

Charles Perrow believes that although disasters from manufactured risks are a part of modern life,we can:

The term used to describe how a well-known scientist is more likely to be credited with a particular scientific discovery than lesser-known colleagues is:

Sociologically speaking,the BRCA1 gene mutation is a good example of:

Describe the intersection between science and politics.How do they influence each other?

Farmers who are thinking about future generations have committed to several issues.Which of the following is NOT one of the issues mentioned in your text?

In the Dover,Pennsylvania,school district,what theory was presented as an alternate to Darwin's theory of natural selection?

Often nonscientists-such as politicians-make decisions that affect the course of science.Which of the following is mentioned in your text?

One scientist hoped to solve health and nutritional problems for children in developing countries by the genetic modification of rice with:

In opposition to the sociology of science researcher Bruno Latour,many scientists assert that ____________ are not made but rather preexist in objective reality waiting to be discovered.

According to the normative view of science,what should scientists leave at the laboratory door?

Although the BRCA1 gene mutation is a genetic marker that predicts cancer now,it may not be a marker that predicts cancer in the future.Using your sociological imagination,explain why BRCA1 may not predict breast cancer in the future.

The green revolution has made it expensive for individual farms to survive on their own,so new collectives and cooperatives have emerged to bring together household farmers.Durkheim might call this a type of:

Ptolemy,as was common with most Ancient Greek philosophers,believed that the earth was at the center of the universe.It was not until Copernicus that the idea that the sun was at the center of the solar system emerged.Kuhn would call this an example of:

Vandana Shiva agrees that the green revolution has increased agricultural output and household incomes,but she is concerned about the:

Genetic modifications reduce waste in all these ways EXCEPT: