Exam 7: Stratification

Mills argues that there are three major institutional forces in modern American society in which the power of decision making has become centralized.Which of the following is NOT one of these forces?

According to the German philosopher Hegel,the master-slave relationship is one of mutual:

Thomas Malthus had a positive view of inequality.He defended disease,slavery,and child murder.Why?

Which of the following is NOT a type of social stratification mentioned in your text?

Typically,one moves vertically (up or down)the social ladder.If factories are moving from the United States to Mexico and that is causing major job losses in the United States,one would say that downward mobility is due to:

A stratification system with a governing elite-that is,few leaders who broadly hold the power in society-is called a(n)____________ system.

A subsystem of stratification that Mills mentions is the outer fringes of the power elite.These are:

According to the "Relative Social Prestige of Selected U.S.Occupations" table (Table 7.1 in your text),which white-collar occupation has the highest prestige score?

Pareto argues that societies based on strict military,religious,and aristocratic stratification tend to collapse; in other words,history is:

What group sells its labor to the bourgeoisie in order to receive wages?

What term refers to a two-directional relationship,one that goes both ways like a conversation between two people (such as master-slave)?

One of the best ways to reduce the number of children born (according to Sachs)is to:

The United States is stratified into levels describing individuals' socioeconomic status: upper class,middle class,working class,and poor.Describe each level.Why is the middle class so difficult to define?

An example of horizontal social mobility is a(n):

Defining social class can be very subjective.There is one class,however,that has a more quantifiable measure.What class is this and why?

Professionals,small business owners,and craftsmen are referred to as:

Sociologists often describe an individual's position in a stratified social order that attempts to classify groups,individuals,families,or households in terms of indicators such as occupation,income,wealth,and education.Sociologists call this:

Each society has a type of social stratification.How does the United States ideologically justify its type of stratification system?

The upper class is composed primarily of CEOs,government officials,celebrities,and very successful professionals.What percentage of the population does this represent,according to the textbook?

Why is the estate tax referred to as the "death" tax? What are the opponents' arguments against the estate tax? What are the proponents' arguments for the estate tax? What SES group is in favor of the estate tax and why?