Exam 1: Scientific Thinking in Psychology

Chapter 1 ends with descriptions of the research of two well-known psychologists, Gibson and Skinner. Although their research is quite different, what attributes do they share?

Phrenology originated in the legitimate scientific attempt to

The goal of prediction in psychology results from the discovery of regular and predictable relationships between events, otherwise known as __________.

Peirce was critical about the a priori method as a way of fixing belief because

When psychologists use the various principles that have been established through research to help people, they are meeting the goal of

Explain how psychologists use the term "cause." For example, under what conditions would psychologists make the statement "frustration causes aggression?"

Researchers studying children and attempting to develop a classification system for children's play are illustrating which of psychology's goals?

What did the philosopher Rudolph Carnap have to say about human freedom of choice?

Which of the following is true about relying on authority as a way of searching for the truth?

Describe how our experience-based knowledge of the world can be distorted by a confirmation bias.

Eleanor Gibson's creation of the visual cliff was motivated by her interest in

The statement "Many students likely fear taking the research methods course" is an example of ________ behavior; the statement "The fear of taking the research methods course is caused by unfounded gossip" is an example of _________ behavior.

Which of the following is true about pseudoscience?

In what manner does graphology try to associate itself with true science?

When students assume that their textbook must be correct, they are relying on _________ as a way of knowing.