Question 1

Write a complete, balanced equation to represent the electron capture decay of argon-37.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write a complete, balanced equation to represent...

Question 2

Explain how the number of protons and neutrons in a radioactive nucleus can be used to predict its probable mode of decay. Illustrate your answer with a schematic graph, properly labeled, showing stable nuclides (nuclei) in relation to number of protons and neutrons.

Accepted Answer

The "line of stability" on the accompany

Question 3

Positron decay and electron capture have the same net effect on the Z and N values of a nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The r-process occurs during supernova explosions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

After 4 half-lives, the fraction of a radioactive isotope which still remains is approximately one-eighth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Gamma rays are not deflected by an electric field.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 104 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 particles, each with an energy of 1.6 × 10-14 J. How many rads does the person receive?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.1 × 10-19 
B)  1.2 × 10-17 
C)  2.2 × 10-9 
D)  1.2 × 10-9 
E)  none of the above 
A)  2.1 × 10-19 
B)  1.2 × 10-17 
C)  2.2 × 10-9 
D)  1.2 × 10-9 
E)  none of the above

Question 8

Which of the following isotopes is definitely unstable?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 9

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the   nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 10

No alpha decay is observed for isotopes of elements with Z < 83.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The isotopes   and   are all stable, while   is radioactive. The mode of decay for   is most likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  positron decay. 
B)  alpha decay. 
C)  beta decay. 
D)  gamma decay. 
E)  fission. 
A)  positron decay. 
B)  alpha decay. 
C)  beta decay. 
D)  gamma decay. 
E)  fission.

Question 12

Gamma rays are high energy electrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The isotopes of promethium,   and   are unstable, and lie on opposite sides of the "line of stability". Which of the following combinations is most likely to represent the type of decay for these isotopes?

Accepted Answer

A)  promethium-144, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay; promethium-134, positron decay 
B)  promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay 
C)  promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134, electron capture 
D)  promethium-144, electron capture; promethium-134, positron decay 
E)  promethium-144, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay; promethium-134, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay 
A)  promethium-144, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay; promethium-134, positron decay 
B)  promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay 
C)  promethium-144, positron decay; promethium-134, electron capture 
D)  promethium-144, electron capture; promethium-134, positron decay 
E)  promethium-144, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay; promethium-134, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay

Question 14

Radioactive decay follows zero-order kinetics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The isotopes   are all stable, while   is radioactive. The mode of decay for   is most likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  positron decay. 
B)  .F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay. 
C)  .F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay. 
D)  electron capture. 
E)  .F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay. 
A)  positron decay. 
B)  .F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay. 
C)  .F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay. 
D)  electron capture. 
E)  .F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 decay.

Question 16

Which one of the following nuclei has a magic number of neutrons and/or protons?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 17

The s-process involves a slow succession of neutron absorption and beta decay processes during the normal life of a star.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Cesium-134 is a F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 emitter with a half-life of 2.0 years. How much of a 2.50-g sample of cesium-134 will remain after 10 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.0024 g 
B)  0.078 g 
C)  0.25 g 
D)  0.50 g 
E)  none of the above 
A)  0.0024 g 
B)  0.078 g 
C)  0.25 g 
D)  0.50 g 
E)  none of the above

Question 19

Fill in missing sub- and superscripts for all particles to complete the following equation for beta decay.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fill in missing sub- and superscripts for...

Question 20

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Exam 24: Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

Write a complete, balanced equation to represent the electron capture decay of argon-37.

Explain how the number of protons and neutrons in a radioactive nucleus can be used to predict its probable mode of decay. Illustrate your answer with a schematic graph, properly labeled, showing stable nuclides (nuclei) in relation to number of protons and neutrons.

Positron decay and electron capture have the same net effect on the Z and N values of a nucleus.

The r-process occurs during supernova explosions.

After 4 half-lives, the fraction of a radioactive isotope which still remains is approximately one-eighth.

Gamma rays are not deflected by an electric field.

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 104  particles, each with an energy of 1.6 × 10-14 J. How many rads does the person receive?

Which of the following isotopes is definitely unstable?

Which one of the following equations correctly represents electron capture by the nucleus?

No alpha decay is observed for isotopes of elements with Z < 83.

The isotopes and are all stable, while is radioactive. The mode of decay for is most likely to be

Gamma rays are high energy electrons.

The isotopes of promethium, and are unstable, and lie on opposite sides of the "line of stability". Which of the following combinations is most likely to represent the type of decay for these isotopes?

Radioactive decay follows zero-order kinetics.

The isotopes are all stable, while is radioactive. The mode of decay for is most likely to be

Which one of the following nuclei has a magic number of neutrons and/or protons?

The s-process involves a slow succession of neutron absorption and beta decay processes during the normal life of a star.

Cesium-134 is a  emitter with a half-life of 2.0 years. How much of a 2.50-g sample of cesium-134 will remain after 10 years?

Fill in missing sub- and superscripts for all particles to complete the following equation for beta decay.

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction.

Keys to the Study of Chemistry

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Periodic Patterns in the Main Group Elements: Bonding, Structure, and Reactivity

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and the Direction of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

The Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Filters

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 10⁴  particles, each with an energy of 1.6 × 10^-14 J. How many rads does the person receive?