Question 1

Select the correct statement about F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-bonds in valence bond theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond is stronger than a sigma bond. 
B)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond can hold 4 electrons, two above and two below the F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-bond axis. 
C)  A carbon-carbon double bond consists of two F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bonds. 
D)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond is the same strength as a F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond. 
E)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond between two carbon atoms restricts rotation about the C-C axis. 
A)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond is stronger than a sigma bond. 
B)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond can hold 4 electrons, two above and two below the F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-bond axis. 
C)  A carbon-carbon double bond consists of two F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bonds. 
D)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond is the same strength as a F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond. 
E)  A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond between two carbon atoms restricts rotation about the C-C axis.

Question 2

Valence bond theory predicts that tin will use _____ hybrid orbitals in SnCl3-.

Accepted Answer

A)  sp 
B)  sp2 
C)  sp3 
D)  sp3d 
E)  sp3d2 
A)  sp 
B)  sp2 
C)  sp3 
D)  sp3d 
E)  sp3d2

Question 3

In the context of molecular orbital (MO) theory, explain how atomic p orbitals can give rise to:
a. a F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 MO
b. a F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 MO

Accepted Answer

a. A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 MO arises when ato

Question 4

Valence bond theory predicts that tin will use _____ hybrid orbitals in SnF5-.

Accepted Answer

A)  sp2 
B)  sp3 
C)  sp3d 
D)  sp3d 2 
E)  d2sp3 
A)  sp2 
B)  sp3 
C)  sp3d 
D)  sp3d 2 
E)  d2sp3

Question 5

A carbon-carbon double bond in a molecule may give rise to the existence of cis and trans isomers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

One can safely assume that the 3s- and 3p-orbitals will form molecular orbitals similar to those formed when 2s- and 2p-orbitals interact. According to molecular orbital theory, what will be the bond order for the Cl2+ ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 
B)  1 
C)  1.5 
D)  2 
E)  none of the above 
A)  0.5 
B)  1 
C)  1.5 
D)  2 
E)  none of the above

Question 7

The nitrosonium ion, NO+, forms a number of interesting complexes with nickel, cobalt, and iron. According to molecular orbital theory, which of the following statements about NO+ is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  NO+ has a bond order of 2 and is paramagnetic. 
B)  NO+ has a bond order of 2 and is diamagnetic. 
C)  NO+ has a bond order of 3 and is paramagnetic. 
D)  NO+ has a bond order of 3 and is diamagnetic. 
E)  None of the above statements is correct. 
A)  NO+ has a bond order of 2 and is paramagnetic. 
B)  NO+ has a bond order of 2 and is diamagnetic. 
C)  NO+ has a bond order of 3 and is paramagnetic. 
D)  NO+ has a bond order of 3 and is diamagnetic. 
E)  None of the above statements is correct.

Question 8

a. In the context of valence bond theory, explain the difference in geometry between a F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 and a F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond. Use a real molecule to illustrate your answer.
b. What two important differences are there in the properties of F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 and F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bonds, in terms of how they affect the structure and reactivity of molecules?

Accepted Answer

a. A F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bond has its regio

Question 9

For which one of the following molecules is the indicated type of hybridization not appropriate for the central atom?

Accepted Answer

A)  BeCl2 sp2 
B)  SiH4 sp3 
C)  BF3 sp2 
D)  C2H2 sp 
E)  H2O sp3 
A)  BeCl2 sp2 
B)  SiH4 sp3 
C)  BF3 sp2 
D)  C2H2 sp 
E)  H2O sp3

Question 10

A molecule with the formula AX3E uses _________ to form its bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  s and p atomic orbitals 
B)  sp3 hybrid orbitals 
C)  sp2 hybrid orbitals 
D)  sp hybrid orbitals 
E)  sp3d2 hybrid orbitals 
A)  s and p atomic orbitals 
B)  sp3 hybrid orbitals 
C)  sp2 hybrid orbitals 
D)  sp hybrid orbitals 
E)  sp3d2 hybrid orbitals

Question 11

In molecular orbital theory, combination of two 2p atomic orbitals may give rise to either F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 or F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 type molecular orbitals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to molecular orbital theory, all diatomic molecules with an even number of electrons will be diamagnetic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Carbon uses ______ hybrid orbitals in ClCN.

Accepted Answer

A)  sp 
B)  sp2 
C)  sp3 
D)  sp3d 
E)  sp3d2 
A)  sp 
B)  sp2 
C)  sp3 
D)  sp3d 
E)  sp3d2

Question 14

Which one, if any, of the following statements about the MO treatment of the bonding in benzene is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  MO theory uses resonance to describe the delocalized nature of the bonding in benzene. 
B)  The lowest energy pi-bonding orbital in benzene can hold up to 6 electrons. 
C)  MO theory predicts that benzene should be paramagnetic. 
D)  The lowest energy pi-bonding MO in benzene has two hexagonal lobes, above and below the plane of the carbon atoms. 
E)  None of the above statements is correct. 
A)  MO theory uses resonance to describe the delocalized nature of the bonding in benzene. 
B)  The lowest energy pi-bonding orbital in benzene can hold up to 6 electrons. 
C)  MO theory predicts that benzene should be paramagnetic. 
D)  The lowest energy pi-bonding MO in benzene has two hexagonal lobes, above and below the plane of the carbon atoms. 
E)  None of the above statements is correct.

Question 15

A molecule with the formula AX2 uses _________ to form its bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  sp hybrid orbitals 
B)  sp2 hybrid orbitals 
C)  sp3 hybrid orbitals 
D)  sp3d hybrid orbitals 
E)  sp3d2 hybrid orbitals 
A)  sp hybrid orbitals 
B)  sp2 hybrid orbitals 
C)  sp3 hybrid orbitals 
D)  sp3d hybrid orbitals 
E)  sp3d2 hybrid orbitals

Question 16

In molecular orbital theory, molecules with an even number of electrons will have bond orders which are whole numbers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In one sentence state how molecular orbitals are usually obtained.

Accepted Answer

By the linear combin

Question 18

A molecule with the formula AX4E2 uses _________ to form its bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  sp hybrid orbitals 
B)  sp2 hybrid orbitals 
C)  sp3 hybrid orbitals 
D)  sp3d hybrid orbitals 
E)  sp3d2 hybrid orbitals 
A)  sp hybrid orbitals 
B)  sp2 hybrid orbitals 
C)  sp3 hybrid orbitals 
D)  sp3d hybrid orbitals 
E)  sp3d2 hybrid orbitals

Question 19

In not more than two sentences, explain when and why chemists make use of the concept of hybridization.

Accepted Answer

Chemists postulate hybridizati

Question 20

Valence bond theory predicts that bromine will use _____ hybrid orbitals in BrF3.

Accepted Answer

A)  sp2 
B)  sp3 
C)  sp3d 
D)  sp4 
E)  sp3d2 
A)  sp2 
B)  sp3 
C)  sp3d 
D)  sp4 
E)  sp3d2

Exam 11: Theories of Covalent Bonding

Select the correct statement about -bonds in valence bond theory.

Valence bond theory predicts that tin will use _____ hybrid orbitals in SnCl3-.

In the context of molecular orbital (MO) theory, explain how atomic p orbitals can give rise to: a. a  MO b. a  MO

Valence bond theory predicts that tin will use _____ hybrid orbitals in SnF5-.

A carbon-carbon double bond in a molecule may give rise to the existence of cis and trans isomers.

One can safely assume that the 3s- and 3p-orbitals will form molecular orbitals similar to those formed when 2s- and 2p-orbitals interact. According to molecular orbital theory, what will be the bond order for the Cl2+ ion?

The nitrosonium ion, NO+, forms a number of interesting complexes with nickel, cobalt, and iron. According to molecular orbital theory, which of the following statements about NO+ is correct?

For which one of the following molecules is the indicated type of hybridization not appropriate for the central atom?

A molecule with the formula AX3E uses _________ to form its bonds.

In molecular orbital theory, combination of two 2p atomic orbitals may give rise to either  or  type molecular orbitals.

According to molecular orbital theory, all diatomic molecules with an even number of electrons will be diamagnetic.

Carbon uses ______ hybrid orbitals in ClCN.

Which one, if any, of the following statements about the MO treatment of the bonding in benzene is correct?

A molecule with the formula AX2 uses _________ to form its bonds.

In molecular orbital theory, molecules with an even number of electrons will have bond orders which are whole numbers.

In one sentence state how molecular orbitals are usually obtained.

A molecule with the formula AX4E2 uses _________ to form its bonds.

In not more than two sentences, explain when and why chemists make use of the concept of hybridization.

Valence bond theory predicts that bromine will use _____ hybrid orbitals in BrF3.

Keys to the Study of Chemistry

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Periodic Patterns in the Main Group Elements: Bonding, Structure, and Reactivity

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and the Direction of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

The Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

Filters

Valence bond theory predicts that tin will use _____ hybrid orbitals in SnCl₃^-.

Valence bond theory predicts that tin will use _____ hybrid orbitals in SnF₅^-.

One can safely assume that the 3s- and 3p-orbitals will form molecular orbitals similar to those formed when 2s- and 2p-orbitals interact. According to molecular orbital theory, what will be the bond order for the Cl₂⁺ ion?

The nitrosonium ion, NO⁺, forms a number of interesting complexes with nickel, cobalt, and iron. According to molecular orbital theory, which of the following statements about NO⁺ is correct?

A molecule with the formula AX₃E uses _________ to form its bonds.

A molecule with the formula AX₂ uses _________ to form its bonds.

A molecule with the formula AX₄E₂ uses _________ to form its bonds.

Valence bond theory predicts that bromine will use _____ hybrid orbitals in BrF₃.