Exam 22: Minerals Rocks and Volcanoes

The element that is most abundant in Earth's crust is

Any naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline substance with a fairly definite chemical composition is called a(n)

Stratification, or _____________, is the layering that develops at the time sediments are deposited.

The sequence of interrelated events by which rocks are formed, altered, destroyed, and re-formed is known as the _____________.

A cohesive aggregate of one or more minerals is called a

James Hutton formulated the concept of

The scientist ______________ is generally regarded as "the father of geology."

Which igneous rock has dark color (low silica content) and small grains (fine texture)?

One main type of feldspar that contains potassium is

Gas, lava, and ______________ are the three general products emitted during a volcanic eruption.

Which of the following is the hardest mineral?

A set of ten minerals used as reference standards in determining hardness is called the______________ hardness scale.

Dripstone formations that form on cavern floors are called _____________.

The most common rocks in Earth's crust are

The size and shape assumed by the crystal faces when a mineral crystal has time and space to grow are known as the mineral's ______________.

The term ______________ refers to the way in which a mineral breaks into splinters, irregularly shaped pieces, or shell-shaped surfaces.

The sedimentary rock known as ______________ consists of rounded pebbles cemented together by silica, calcium carbonate, or iron oxide.

The term ______________ refers to the tendency of some mineral to break along flat planes at definite angles.

The study of minerals is called

Sediments are classified according to the source of their constituents into two main groups. One is chemical. What is the other?