Question 1

In a eukaryotic cell,what protein factor is responsible for delivering each aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A) EF-Tu 
B) EF-Ts 
C) eEF1$\alpha$ 
D) eEF1$\beta$$\gamma$ 
E) eEF2 
A) EF-Tu 
B) EF-Ts 
C) eEF1$\alpha$ 
D) eEF1$\beta$$\gamma$ 
E) eEF2 C

Question 2

Show the first step (of the four-step process)for removal of the intein from the following:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Show the first step (of the four-step...

Question 3

A repetitive mRNA of GAG could produce which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) polyglutamate 
B) polyleucine 
C) polyleucine,polyserine,or polyproline 
D) polyarginine,polyglycine or polyglutamate 
E) none of the above 
A) polyglutamate 
B) polyleucine 
C) polyleucine,polyserine,or polyproline 
D) polyarginine,polyglycine or polyglutamate 
E) none of the above D

Question 4

How many ATP equivalents are required to make a protein of 150 amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A) 150 
B) 300 
C) 450 
D) 600 
E) none of the above 
A) 150 
B) 300 
C) 450 
D) 600 
E) none of the above

Question 5

In prokaryotes,mRNA is ____________.In eukaryotes,mRNA is _____________.

Accepted Answer

A) equally monocistronic and polycistronic;mostly monocistronic 
B) equally monocistronic and polycistronic;mostly polycistronic 
C) mostly monocistronic;equally monocistronic and polycistronic 
D) mostly polycistronic;equally monocistronic and polycistronic 
E) mostly polycistronic;mostly monocistronic 
A) equally monocistronic and polycistronic;mostly monocistronic 
B) equally monocistronic and polycistronic;mostly polycistronic 
C) mostly monocistronic;equally monocistronic and polycistronic 
D) mostly polycistronic;equally monocistronic and polycistronic 
E) mostly polycistronic;mostly monocistronic

Question 6

Which of the following correctly describes the formation of the peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A) bond formation occurs while the tRNA in the P site moves to the E site,transferring the growing peptide chain to the tRNA that is moving from the A site to P site 
B) the growing peptide is transferred first to the 30S subunit of the ribosome,then to the aminoacyl tRNA in the A site 
C) bond formation occurs while transferring the growing peptide from the tRNA in the E site to the tRNA in the P site 
D) bond formation occurs while transferring the growing peptide from the tRNA in the P site to the tRNA in the A site 
E) none of the above 
A) bond formation occurs while the tRNA in the P site moves to the E site,transferring the growing peptide chain to the tRNA that is moving from the A site to P site 
B) the growing peptide is transferred first to the 30S subunit of the ribosome,then to the aminoacyl tRNA in the A site 
C) bond formation occurs while transferring the growing peptide from the tRNA in the E site to the tRNA in the P site 
D) bond formation occurs while transferring the growing peptide from the tRNA in the P site to the tRNA in the A site 
E) none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?

Accepted Answer

A) the genetic code is different 
B) prokaryotic ribosomes are free in the cytosol;eukaryotic chromosomes are always membrane bound 
C) eukaryotic translation requires more protein factors 
D) the ribosomes in prokaryotes are larger 
E) none of the above 
A) the genetic code is different 
B) prokaryotic ribosomes are free in the cytosol;eukaryotic chromosomes are always membrane bound 
C) eukaryotic translation requires more protein factors 
D) the ribosomes in prokaryotes are larger 
E) none of the above

Question 8

What is a polyribosome?

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes that synthesize different subunits of the same protein 
B) several ribosomes all attached to the same mRNA 
C) ribosomes that are covalently bonded to each other in a polymer fashion 
D) a ribosome that only produces proteins that will be excreted by the cell 
E) none of the above 
A) ribosomes that synthesize different subunits of the same protein 
B) several ribosomes all attached to the same mRNA 
C) ribosomes that are covalently bonded to each other in a polymer fashion 
D) a ribosome that only produces proteins that will be excreted by the cell 
E) none of the above

Question 9

What enzyme attaches the correct amino acid to its tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) aminoacyl-tRNA synthase 
B) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
C) aminoacyl-tRNA transferase 
D) aminoacyl-tRNA ligase 
E) none of the above 
A) aminoacyl-tRNA synthase 
B) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase 
C) aminoacyl-tRNA transferase 
D) aminoacyl-tRNA ligase 
E) none of the above

Question 10

Which are paired by a Shine-Dalgarno sequence?

Accepted Answer

A) the mRNA sequence just upstream from the start codon with the ribosome 
B) the first codon of the mRNA with its tRNA 
C) a termination codon with a release factor 
D) the 30S subunit with the 50S subunit of the ribosome 
E) none of the above 
A) the mRNA sequence just upstream from the start codon with the ribosome 
B) the first codon of the mRNA with its tRNA 
C) a termination codon with a release factor 
D) the 30S subunit with the 50S subunit of the ribosome 
E) none of the above

Question 11

In an E.coli cell,what protein factor is responsible for attaching the initiator tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) IF2 
B) eIF2 
C) eIF2B 
D) IF3 
E) eIF5 
A) IF2 
B) eIF2 
C) eIF2B 
D) IF3 
E) eIF5

Question 12

Translate the following mRNA into a peptide using the standard genetic code:
5'-AUGCGGAUCCAUGUACAACUGGACGCAGUACCGUAACGCGAU-3'

Accepted Answer

Met-Arg-Il

Question 13

Proteins destined for extracellular transport produce an N-terminal signal sequence.What binds to this sequence for endoplasmic reticulum association?

Accepted Answer

A) signal recognition particle 
B) ribosome receptor protein 
C) Sec61 docking protein 
D) SNARE protein 
E) none of the above 
A) signal recognition particle 
B) ribosome receptor protein 
C) Sec61 docking protein 
D) SNARE protein 
E) none of the above

Question 14

By saying that the genetic code is degenerate,what does this imply?

Accepted Answer

A) the code is different for bacteria than for eukaryotes 
B) some codons can code for non-standard amino acids 
C) most amino acids have more than one codon 
D) there is more than one start codon 
E) there is more than one stop codon 
A) the code is different for bacteria than for eukaryotes 
B) some codons can code for non-standard amino acids 
C) most amino acids have more than one codon 
D) there is more than one start codon 
E) there is more than one stop codon

Question 15

In most cases,the first codon in prokaryotic mRNA codes for ________ while the first codon in eukaryotic mRNA codes for ________.

Accepted Answer

A) methionine;N-formylmethionine 
B) N-formylmethionine;methionine 
C) proline;N-formylproline 
D) N-formylproline;proline 
E) none of the above 
A) methionine;N-formylmethionine 
B) N-formylmethionine;methionine 
C) proline;N-formylproline 
D) N-formylproline;proline 
E) none of the above

Question 16

EF-Tu binds to ______ then to _______.This complex binds to the _____ site of the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

A) ATP;charged tRNA;P 
B) GTP;charged tRNA;A 
C) charged tRNA;ATP;A 
D) charged tRNA;GTP;P 
E) charged tRNA;GTP;A 
A) ATP;charged tRNA;P 
B) GTP;charged tRNA;A 
C) charged tRNA;ATP;A 
D) charged tRNA;GTP;P 
E) charged tRNA;GTP;A

Question 17

What mRNA modification,just 5' to the start codon,is used by the eukaryotic cell to enable location of the first AUG codon?

Accepted Answer

A) a sequence of UAUAUA 
B) a short sequence that forms a hairpin loop 
C) a GC "box" that is recognized by eIFI 
D) a string of four to five O-methylguanine residues 
E) 7-methylguanine cap on the 5' end of the mRNA 
A) a sequence of UAUAUA 
B) a short sequence that forms a hairpin loop 
C) a GC "box" that is recognized by eIFI 
D) a string of four to five O-methylguanine residues 
E) 7-methylguanine cap on the 5' end of the mRNA

Question 18

What role do the Hsp70 proteins play in delivering proteins to their site of action such as the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A) aids in proper folding to allow protein to properly traverse membranes 
B) prevents proteolysis of the unfolded protein 
C) keeps the protein in an unfolded state to allow transfer across membranes 
D) aids in formation of an intermediate folded protein that is present only during membrane transport 
E) none of the above 
A) aids in proper folding to allow protein to properly traverse membranes 
B) prevents proteolysis of the unfolded protein 
C) keeps the protein in an unfolded state to allow transfer across membranes 
D) aids in formation of an intermediate folded protein that is present only during membrane transport 
E) none of the above

Question 19

In an E.coli cell,which of the following is the last item to be added to the 70S initiation complex?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNA 
B) tRNA carrying formylmethionine 
C) 30S ribosomal subunit 
D) 50S ribosomal subunit 
E) initiation factors IF1,IF2 and IF3 
A) mRNA 
B) tRNA carrying formylmethionine 
C) 30S ribosomal subunit 
D) 50S ribosomal subunit 
E) initiation factors IF1,IF2 and IF3

Question 20

Which of the following is an intermediate in the reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

Accepted Answer

A) pyrophosphorylated 3' hydroxyl on the tRNA 
B) aminoacyl phosphate 
C) aminoacyl pyrophosphate 
D) aminoacyl adenylate 
E) none of the above 
A) pyrophosphorylated 3' hydroxyl on the tRNA 
B) aminoacyl phosphate 
C) aminoacyl pyrophosphate 
D) aminoacyl adenylate 
E) none of the above

Exam 28: Information Decoding: Translation and Post-Translational Protein Processing

In a eukaryotic cell,what protein factor is responsible for delivering each aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome?

Show the first step (of the four-step process)for removal of the intein from the following:

A repetitive mRNA of GAG could produce which of the following?

How many ATP equivalents are required to make a protein of 150 amino acids?

In prokaryotes,mRNA is ____________.In eukaryotes,mRNA is _____________.

Which of the following correctly describes the formation of the peptide bond?

Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?

What is a polyribosome?

What enzyme attaches the correct amino acid to its tRNA?

Which are paired by a Shine-Dalgarno sequence?

In an E.coli cell,what protein factor is responsible for attaching the initiator tRNA?

Translate the following mRNA into a peptide using the standard genetic code: 5'-AUGCGGAUCCAUGUACAACUGGACGCAGUACCGUAACGCGAU-3'

Proteins destined for extracellular transport produce an N-terminal signal sequence.What binds to this sequence for endoplasmic reticulum association?

By saying that the genetic code is degenerate,what does this imply?

In most cases,the first codon in prokaryotic mRNA codes for ________ while the first codon in eukaryotic mRNA codes for ________.

EF-Tu binds to ______ then to _______.This complex binds to the _____ site of the ribosome.

What mRNA modification,just 5' to the start codon,is used by the eukaryotic cell to enable location of the first AUG codon?

What role do the Hsp70 proteins play in delivering proteins to their site of action such as the mitochondria?

In an E.coli cell,which of the following is the last item to be added to the 70S initiation complex?

Which of the following is an intermediate in the reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

The Scope of Biochemistry

The Matrix of Life: Weak Interactions in an Aqueous Environment

The Energetics of Life

Nucleic Acids

Introduction to Proteins: the Primary Level of Protein Structure

The Three-Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Function and Evolution

Contractile Proteins and Molecular Motors

Carbohydrates: Sugars,saccharides,glycans

Lipids,membranes and Cellular Transport

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Chemical Logic of Metabolism

Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogen Metabolism, and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Citric Acid Cycle and Glyoxylate Cycle

Electron Transport, oxidative Phosphorylation, and Oxygen Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism I: Fatty Acids,triacylglycerols,and Lipoproteins

Interorgan and Intracellular Coordination of Energy Metabolism in Vertebrates

Lipid Metabolism Ii: Membrane Lipids, steroids, isoprenoids, and Eicosanoids

Metabolism of Nitrogenous Compounds I: Principles of Biosynthesis, utilization, and Turnover

Metabolism of Nitogenous Compounds Ii: Amino Acids, porphyrins, and Neurotransmitters

Nucleotide Metabolism

Mechanisms of Signal Transduction

Genes,genomes and Chromosomes

Dna Replication

Dna Restructuring: Repair,recombination,rearrangement,amplification

Information Readout: Transcription and Post-Transcriptional Processing

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

In prokaryotes,mRNA is .In eukaryotes,mRNA is _.

In most cases,the first codon in prokaryotic mRNA codes for while the first codon in eukaryotic mRNA codes for .

EF-Tu binds to __ then to _.This complex binds to the ___ site of the ribosome.