Question 1

Fast fibers have higher myosin _______ activity than slow fibers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fast fibers have higher myosin _______ activity...

Question 2

Indicate which of the characteristics in question apply to each of the muscle fiber types by using the following answer code (more than one answer may apply):
-Most readily fatigues.

Accepted Answer

A) slow-oxidative fiber 
B) fast-oxidative fiber 
C) fast-glycolytic fiber 
A) slow-oxidative fiber 
B) fast-oxidative fiber 
C) fast-glycolytic fiber

Question 3

Fast-oxidative muscle fibers have a high concentration of mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In the body, the muscles are so positioned that their relaxed length is significantly less than their optimal length

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Indicate which type of muscle is associated with the property in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below:
-Is neurogenic.

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal muscle only 
B) single-unit smooth muscle only 
C) cardiac muscle only 
D) skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle 
E) skeletal muscle and single-unit smooth muscle
F)single-unit smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
G)skeletal, single-unit smooth, and cardiac muscles 
A) skeletal muscle only 
B) single-unit smooth muscle only 
C) cardiac muscle only 
D) skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle 
E) skeletal muscle and single-unit smooth muscle
F)single-unit smooth muscle and cardiac muscle
G)skeletal, single-unit smooth, and cardiac muscles

Question 6

Cross bridges

Accepted Answer

A)  extend between the A and I bands and bend to pull the bands together during muscle contraction. 
B)  are formed by the globular heads of the myosin molecules. 
C)  link troponin and tropomyosin to actin to form the thin filament. 
D)  extend from the thick filaments and bind to actin, then bend to pull the thin filaments in closer together during muscle contraction. 
E)  two of these answers. 
A)  extend between the A and I bands and bend to pull the bands together during muscle contraction. 
B)  are formed by the globular heads of the myosin molecules. 
C)  link troponin and tropomyosin to actin to form the thin filament. 
D)  extend from the thick filaments and bind to actin, then bend to pull the thin filaments in closer together during muscle contraction. 
E)  two of these answers.

Question 7

Spastic paralysis occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  descending excitatory pathways are destroyed. 
B)  excitatory inputs to motor neurons are unopposed because of disruption of an inhibitory system in the brain stem. 
C)  muscle spindles are destroyed. 
D)  the cerebellum is damaged. 
E)  the motor neurons are destroyed. 
A)  descending excitatory pathways are destroyed. 
B)  excitatory inputs to motor neurons are unopposed because of disruption of an inhibitory system in the brain stem. 
C)  muscle spindles are destroyed. 
D)  the cerebellum is damaged. 
E)  the motor neurons are destroyed.

Question 8

Joints serve as fulcrums for muscle action.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

MATCHING
Indicate which of the muscle proteins in skeletal muscle is associated with the item in question by writing the appropriate letters in the blanks using the answer code below:
-Contractile protein(s).

Accepted Answer

A) actin only 
B) myosin only 
C) actin and myosin 
D) troponin-tropomyosin complex 
E) actin, troponin, and tropomyosin
F)actin, myosin, troponin, and tropomyosin 
A) actin only 
B) myosin only 
C) actin and myosin 
D) troponin-tropomyosin complex 
E) actin, troponin, and tropomyosin
F)actin, myosin, troponin, and tropomyosin

Question 10

MATCHING: ART
   
The following questions relate to accompanying figure of the three types of muscle tissue. Use the figure to help match the following characteristics with the correct muscle type.
-Contain actin and myosin

Accepted Answer

A) Skeletal muscle only 
B) Cardiac muscle only 
C) Smooth muscle only 
D) Skeletal and Cardiac muscle 
E) Cardiac and Smooth muscle
F)All three muscle types 
A) Skeletal muscle only 
B) Cardiac muscle only 
C) Smooth muscle only 
D) Skeletal and Cardiac muscle 
E) Cardiac and Smooth muscle
F)All three muscle types

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of isometric muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

A)  they occur at constant tension. 
B)  the muscle shortens. 
C)  they are used for body movements. 
D)  they occur at constant length. 
E)  the external muscle tension is greater than the load. 
A)  they occur at constant tension. 
B)  the muscle shortens. 
C)  they are used for body movements. 
D)  they occur at constant length. 
E)  the external muscle tension is greater than the load.

Question 12

MATCHING: ART
   
The following questions relate to accompanying figure of the three types of muscle tissue. Use the figure to help match the following characteristics with the correct muscle type.
-Biochemical events associated with cross bridge formation

Accepted Answer

A) Skeletal muscle only 
B) Cardiac muscle only 
C) Smooth muscle only 
D) Skeletal and Cardiac muscle 
E) Cardiac and Smooth muscle
F)All three muscle types 
A) Skeletal muscle only 
B) Cardiac muscle only 
C) Smooth muscle only 
D) Skeletal and Cardiac muscle 
E) Cardiac and Smooth muscle
F)All three muscle types

Question 13

According to the sliding-filament mechanism of muscle contraction, the

Accepted Answer

A)  A bands slide in closer between the I bands. 
B)  thin filaments slide inward toward the center of the A band. 
C)  Z lines slide in between the T tubules. 
D)  contractile proteins contract, thus shortening the sarcomere. 
E)  filaments slide into the lateral sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
A)  A bands slide in closer between the I bands. 
B)  thin filaments slide inward toward the center of the A band. 
C)  Z lines slide in between the T tubules. 
D)  contractile proteins contract, thus shortening the sarcomere. 
E)  filaments slide into the lateral sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 14

During a cross-bridge cycle in skeletal muscle, the

Accepted Answer

A)  cross bridge is energized as myosin ATPase activity hydrolyzes ATP. 
B)  myosin cross bridge is able to bind with an actin molecule when Ca2+ pulls the troponin-tropomyosin complex aside. 
C)  linkage between actin and the myosin cross bridge is broken at the end of the cross-bridge cycle as Mg2+ binds to the cross bridge. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  cross bridge is energized as myosin ATPase activity hydrolyzes ATP. 
B)  myosin cross bridge is able to bind with an actin molecule when Ca2+ pulls the troponin-tropomyosin complex aside. 
C)  linkage between actin and the myosin cross bridge is broken at the end of the cross-bridge cycle as Mg2+ binds to the cross bridge. 
D)  both (a) and (b) above. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 15

Which is not characteristic of smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  under involuntary control. 
B)  does not have troponin. 
C)  contraction is initiated neurogenically. 
D)  found in the walls of hollow tube-like organs. 
E)  innervation by the ANS. 
A)  under involuntary control. 
B)  does not have troponin. 
C)  contraction is initiated neurogenically. 
D)  found in the walls of hollow tube-like organs. 
E)  innervation by the ANS.

Question 16

MATCHING
Indicate which of the muscle proteins in skeletal muscle is associated with the item in question by writing the appropriate letters in the blanks using the answer code below:
-Found in the H zone.

Accepted Answer

A) actin only 
B) myosin only 
C) actin and myosin 
D) troponin-tropomyosin complex 
E) actin, troponin, and tropomyosin
F)actin, myosin, troponin, and tropomyosin 
A) actin only 
B) myosin only 
C) actin and myosin 
D) troponin-tropomyosin complex 
E) actin, troponin, and tropomyosin
F)actin, myosin, troponin, and tropomyosin

Question 17

The two types of fast twitch fibers are interconvertible depending on the type of conditioning they receive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Match muscle term with correct characteristic.
-glucose

Accepted Answer

A) a storage form of glucose used in muscle cells requiring rapid energy release. 
B) a molecule which can quickly, but temporarily make ATP. 
C) an oxygen storing protein making muscle tissue appear. 
D) a fuel molecule for cell respiration or fermentation. 
E) our fermentation product when our cells become anaerobic. 
A) a storage form of glucose used in muscle cells requiring rapid energy release. 
B) a molecule which can quickly, but temporarily make ATP. 
C) an oxygen storing protein making muscle tissue appear. 
D) a fuel molecule for cell respiration or fermentation. 
E) our fermentation product when our cells become anaerobic.

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning the length-tension relationship of skeletal muscle is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  when a muscle is maximally stretched, it can develop the most tension upon contraction because the thin filaments can slide in a maximal distance. 
B)  maximum tension can be developed if the muscle is at its lowest at the onset of contraction. 
C)  in the body, the relaxed length of muscle is at its optimal length. 
D)  when the initial length of muscle prior to contraction becomes very short, tension is decreased during contraction because of thin filament overlap, because the thick filaments are compressed against the Z lines, and because not as much Ca2+ is released during excitation-contraction coupling. 
E)  the tension that can be achieved during a tetanic contraction is less when a muscle is shorter or longer than its optimal length at the onset of contraction. 
A)  when a muscle is maximally stretched, it can develop the most tension upon contraction because the thin filaments can slide in a maximal distance. 
B)  maximum tension can be developed if the muscle is at its lowest at the onset of contraction. 
C)  in the body, the relaxed length of muscle is at its optimal length. 
D)  when the initial length of muscle prior to contraction becomes very short, tension is decreased during contraction because of thin filament overlap, because the thick filaments are compressed against the Z lines, and because not as much Ca2+ is released during excitation-contraction coupling. 
E)  the tension that can be achieved during a tetanic contraction is less when a muscle is shorter or longer than its optimal length at the onset of contraction.

Question 20

____________________ occurs when acetylcholine is no longer available in adequate amounts to stimulate muscle fibers.

Accepted Answer

neuromuscu

Fast fibers have higher myosin _______ activity than slow fibers.

Indicate which of the characteristics in question apply to each of the muscle fiber types by using the following answer code (more than one answer may apply): -Most readily fatigues.

Fast-oxidative muscle fibers have a high concentration of mitochondria.

In the body, the muscles are so positioned that their relaxed length is significantly less than their optimal length

Indicate which type of muscle is associated with the property in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below: -Is neurogenic.

Cross bridges

Spastic paralysis occurs when

Joints serve as fulcrums for muscle action.

MATCHING Indicate which of the muscle proteins in skeletal muscle is associated with the item in question by writing the appropriate letters in the blanks using the answer code below: -Contractile protein(s).

MATCHING: ART The following questions relate to accompanying figure of the three types of muscle tissue. Use the figure to help match the following characteristics with the correct muscle type. -Contain actin and myosin

Which of the following is a characteristic of isometric muscle contractions?

MATCHING: ART The following questions relate to accompanying figure of the three types of muscle tissue. Use the figure to help match the following characteristics with the correct muscle type. -Biochemical events associated with cross bridge formation

According to the sliding-filament mechanism of muscle contraction, the

During a cross-bridge cycle in skeletal muscle, the

Which is not characteristic of smooth muscle?

MATCHING Indicate which of the muscle proteins in skeletal muscle is associated with the item in question by writing the appropriate letters in the blanks using the answer code below: -Found in the H zone.

The two types of fast twitch fibers are interconvertible depending on the type of conditioning they receive.

Match muscle term with correct characteristic. -glucose

Which of the following statements concerning the length-tension relationship of skeletal muscle is incorrect?

____________________ occurs when acetylcholine is no longer available in adequate amounts to stimulate muscle fibers.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 8: Muscle Physiology

Fast fibers have higher myosin _______ activity than slow fibers.

Indicate which of the characteristics in question apply to each of the muscle fiber types by using the following answer code (more than one answer may apply): -Most readily fatigues.

Fast-oxidative muscle fibers have a high concentration of mitochondria.

In the body, the muscles are so positioned that their relaxed length is significantly less than their optimal length

Indicate which type of muscle is associated with the property in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below: -Is neurogenic.

Cross bridges

Spastic paralysis occurs when

Joints serve as fulcrums for muscle action.

MATCHING Indicate which of the muscle proteins in skeletal muscle is associated with the item in question by writing the appropriate letters in the blanks using the answer code below: -Contractile protein(s).

MATCHING: ART The following questions relate to accompanying figure of the three types of muscle tissue. Use the figure to help match the following characteristics with the correct muscle type. -Contain actin and myosin

Which of the following is a characteristic of isometric muscle contractions?

MATCHING: ART The following questions relate to accompanying figure of the three types of muscle tissue. Use the figure to help match the following characteristics with the correct muscle type. -Biochemical events associated with cross bridge formation

According to the sliding-filament mechanism of muscle contraction, the

During a cross-bridge cycle in skeletal muscle, the

Which is not characteristic of smooth muscle?

MATCHING Indicate which of the muscle proteins in skeletal muscle is associated with the item in question by writing the appropriate letters in the blanks using the answer code below: -Found in the H zone.

The two types of fast twitch fibers are interconvertible depending on the type of conditioning they receive.

Match muscle term with correct characteristic. -glucose

Which of the following statements concerning the length-tension relationship of skeletal muscle is incorrect?

____________________ occurs when acetylcholine is no longer available in adequate amounts to stimulate muscle fibers.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters