Question 1

A(n) ____________________ solution has the same osmolarity as normal body cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________________ solution has the same osmolarity...

Question 2

In the plasma membrane the polar ends of the phospholipid molecules are hydrophobic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Indicate which constituent of the plasma membrane is responsible for performing the function in question by filling in the appropriate blank using the answer code below.
-Is found only on the outer surface of the membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) protein 
B) carbohydrate 
C) lipid bilayer 
A) protein 
B) carbohydrate 
C) lipid bilayer

Question 4

The binding of a hormone to a receptor stimulates the cell to produce a single second messenger molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Gap junctions play an important role in transmission of impulses for heart contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is the most common second messengers?

Accepted Answer

A)  cyclic AMP. 
B)  calcium. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  both cyclic AMP and calcium. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  cyclic AMP. 
B)  calcium. 
C)  ATP. 
D)  both cyclic AMP and calcium. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 7

Select the correct statement about membrane permeability and ion potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  the concentration of potassium ions is the same extracellularly and intracellularly. 
B)  the concentration of potassium is higher extracellularly than intracellularly. 
C)  the concentration of sodium is higher extracellularly than intracellularly. 
D)  the membrane is more permeable to anions than to potassium. 
E)  the membrane is more permeable to sodium than to potassium. 
A)  the concentration of potassium ions is the same extracellularly and intracellularly. 
B)  the concentration of potassium is higher extracellularly than intracellularly. 
C)  the concentration of sodium is higher extracellularly than intracellularly. 
D)  the membrane is more permeable to anions than to potassium. 
E)  the membrane is more permeable to sodium than to potassium.

Question 8

Indicate the various roles of the following ions:
-ion that exerts an electrical charge that opposes sodium diffusion

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) K+ 
C) A- 
D) Cl- 
A) Na+ 
B) K+ 
C) A- 
D) Cl-

Question 9

When calcium binds to calmodulin, the complex may activate various enzymes, thus altering cell activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The plasma membrane

Accepted Answer

A)  appears under an electron microscope as a double dark line with a light space between. 
B)  is composed primarily of a double layer of phospholipid molecules with proteins interspersed throughout the phospholipids in a mosaic pattern. 
C)  separates the intracellular and extracellular fluid. 
D)  two of these answers. 
E)  all of these answers. 
A)  appears under an electron microscope as a double dark line with a light space between. 
B)  is composed primarily of a double layer of phospholipid molecules with proteins interspersed throughout the phospholipids in a mosaic pattern. 
C)  separates the intracellular and extracellular fluid. 
D)  two of these answers. 
E)  all of these answers.

Question 11

The following questions refer to comparative concentrations, permeabilities, and potentials under various circumstances. Indicate the relationship between the two items listed in each situation by following answer code.
-A. amount of Na? transported out of the cell by the Na?-K? pump
B. amount of K? transported into the cell by the Na?-K? pump

Accepted Answer

A) A is greater than B 
B) B is greater than A 
C) A and B are equal 
A) A is greater than B 
B) B is greater than A 
C) A and B are equal

Question 12

Which of the following does not require energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

A)  net movement of potassium into the cell. 
B)  net movement of sodium into the cell. 
C)  iodine uptake by thyroid gland cells. 
D)  transport of hydrogen ion into the stomach lumen in association with hydrochloric acid secretion during digestion of a meal 
E)  both (b) and (d) above. 
A)  net movement of potassium into the cell. 
B)  net movement of sodium into the cell. 
C)  iodine uptake by thyroid gland cells. 
D)  transport of hydrogen ion into the stomach lumen in association with hydrochloric acid secretion during digestion of a meal 
E)  both (b) and (d) above.

Question 13

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code.
-electrical gradient for Na+ at equilibrium potential for Na+

Accepted Answer

A) Ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force. 
B) Ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force. 
A) Ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force. 
B) Ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force.

Question 14

One extracellular messenger molecule can ultimately influence the activity of only one protein molecule within the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Cells from ________ and _______ tissue are able to use the resting membrane potential to generate electrical signals.

Accepted Answer

nerve, mus

Question 16

Refer to the accompanying diagram to match the following ions with the statements below. Answers may be used more than once
-Equilibrium potential is a positive value.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium 
B) sodium 
C) chloride 
D) intracellular proteins 
A) potassium 
B) sodium 
C) chloride 
D) intracellular proteins

Question 17

The following questions refer to comparative concentrations, permeabilities, and potentials under various circumstances. Indicate the relationship between the two items listed in each situation by following answer code.
-A. resting membrane potential in a typical nerve cell
B. equilibrium potential for K?

Accepted Answer

A) A is greater than B 
B) B is greater than A 
C) A and B are equal 
A) A is greater than B 
B) B is greater than A 
C) A and B are equal

Question 18

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code.
-electrical gradient for K+ at equilibrium potential for K+

Accepted Answer

A) Ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force. 
B) Ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force. 
A) Ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force. 
B) Ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force.

Question 19

All molecules greater than 0.8 nm in diameter are unable to penetrate the plasma membrane unless there is a carrier for the molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Refer to the accompanying diagram to match the following ions with the statements below. Answers may be used more than once
-Too large to cross the membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium 
B) sodium 
C) chloride 
D) intracellular proteins 
A) potassium 
B) sodium 
C) chloride 
D) intracellular proteins

A(n) ____________________ solution has the same osmolarity as normal body cells.

In the plasma membrane the polar ends of the phospholipid molecules are hydrophobic.

Indicate which constituent of the plasma membrane is responsible for performing the function in question by filling in the appropriate blank using the answer code below. -Is found only on the outer surface of the membrane.

The binding of a hormone to a receptor stimulates the cell to produce a single second messenger molecule.

Gap junctions play an important role in transmission of impulses for heart contraction.

Which of the following is the most common second messengers?

Select the correct statement about membrane permeability and ion potential.

Indicate the various roles of the following ions: -ion that exerts an electrical charge that opposes sodium diffusion

When calcium binds to calmodulin, the complex may activate various enzymes, thus altering cell activity.

The plasma membrane

Which of the following does not require energy expenditure?

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code. -electrical gradient for Na⁺ at equilibrium potential for Na⁺

One extracellular messenger molecule can ultimately influence the activity of only one protein molecule within the cell.

Cells from __ and _ tissue are able to use the resting membrane potential to generate electrical signals.

Refer to the accompanying diagram to match the following ions with the statements below. Answers may be used more than once -Equilibrium potential is a positive value.

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code. -electrical gradient for K⁺ at equilibrium potential for K⁺

All molecules greater than 0.8 nm in diameter are unable to penetrate the plasma membrane unless there is a carrier for the molecule.

Refer to the accompanying diagram to match the following ions with the statements below. Answers may be used more than once -Too large to cross the membrane.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 3: The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

A(n) ____________________ solution has the same osmolarity as normal body cells.

In the plasma membrane the polar ends of the phospholipid molecules are hydrophobic.

Indicate which constituent of the plasma membrane is responsible for performing the function in question by filling in the appropriate blank using the answer code below. -Is found only on the outer surface of the membrane.

The binding of a hormone to a receptor stimulates the cell to produce a single second messenger molecule.

Gap junctions play an important role in transmission of impulses for heart contraction.

Which of the following is the most common second messengers?

Select the correct statement about membrane permeability and ion potential.

Indicate the various roles of the following ions: -ion that exerts an electrical charge that opposes sodium diffusion

When calcium binds to calmodulin, the complex may activate various enzymes, thus altering cell activity.

The plasma membrane

Which of the following does not require energy expenditure?

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code. -electrical gradient for Na+ at equilibrium potential for Na+

One extracellular messenger molecule can ultimately influence the activity of only one protein molecule within the cell.

Cells from ________ and _______ tissue are able to use the resting membrane potential to generate electrical signals.

Refer to the accompanying diagram to match the following ions with the statements below. Answers may be used more than once -Equilibrium potential is a positive value.

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code. -electrical gradient for K+ at equilibrium potential for K+

All molecules greater than 0.8 nm in diameter are unable to penetrate the plasma membrane unless there is a carrier for the molecule.

Refer to the accompanying diagram to match the following ions with the statements below. Answers may be used more than once -Too large to cross the membrane.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division and Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood and Body Defenses

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine System

The Reproductive System

Filters

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code. -electrical gradient for Na⁺ at equilibrium potential for Na⁺

Cells from __ and _ tissue are able to use the resting membrane potential to generate electrical signals.

Indicate whether the force in question tends to move the involved ion in or out of the cell by filling in the blank using the following answer code. -electrical gradient for K⁺ at equilibrium potential for K⁺