Exam 4: Economics

In the case Fisher v.University of Texas at Austin,Abigail Fisher,a white woman,challenged the admissions process at the University of Texas at Austin after being denied admission to the school,claiming the denial was the result of affirmative action.Her case is indicative of which pattern?

Following the recent economic recession that began in 2008,many Tea Party Republican politicians proposed cutting taxes for the wealthy as a way to boost the economy.In doing so,which tradition are they following?

Today white families are,on average,________ times more wealthy than black and Hispanic families.

What are the two dominant sociological arguments about how ethnic enclaves affect immigrants' upward mobility and economic prosperity?

What is an "ethnic enclave"?

What does the concept "homosocial reproduction" mean?

Patricia,a young white woman,and Daniel,a young black man,are both struggling to get by.However,Patricia was able to pay off her student loans when she inherited money from her grandmother.This is an example of racial disparities in:

Aside from the structure of the economy,the class privileges or lack thereof)of immigrants,and ethnic enclaves,what else does the textbook say impacts how well immigrants fare in America?

List the three common pathways through which immigrants adapt to American society,according to sociologists Alejandro Portes and Min Zhou,and provide an example of each.

Briefly list two of the three structural causes of poverty outlined by the textbook.

Following World War II,suburban America exploded due in large part to homebuilding funded by which legislation?

______________ women are more likely to return to welfare than white women for many reasons,including the fact that ____________.

What proportion of all Americans collects means-tested public assistance during some point in their lives?

Which group prospered most following World War II?

What is the unemployment rate on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation?

Sociologist Mary Waters observes that "We should not just be asking as a society,'How can we structure our immigration policy and our institutions to facilitate immigrants adopting our civic culture and becoming American?' We should also be asking,'What can we do about the pervasive inequalities in American life that often mean that becoming black American or Mexican American leads to a less bright future than remaining an immigrant?'" Propose a government policy that you think would address this issue.

Little Italy in New York City,where a number of Italian Americans have lived and owned businesses for generations,is an example of what?

Some sociologists,like William Julius Wilson,have argued that affirmative action programs have only tended to favor already economically advantaged racial minorities.As a result,some sociologists have advocated for economic-based affirmative action.Give one example of what that might look like and evaluate what the potential effectiveness of such a policy might be.

Several studies have shown that black and Hispanic women were just as likely as white women to hold continual employment after leaving welfare,yet also more likely than white women to return to welfare.Given this finding,assess the effectiveness of the contemporary welfare system in alleviating poverty across race.Provide at least two points of evidence mentioned in the textbook to justify your answer.

The term "white trash"-a derogatory term for rural,impoverished whites-began circulating in newspapers and books during what time period?