Exam 13: Courts Judicial Politics

__________ jurisdiction gives a court the power to review the decisions of lower courts.

Who or what represents the supreme law of the land,according to Article VI?

According to the doctrine of __________,a court should not overturn precedent unless it is absolutely necessary.

To bring an issue into court as a case,individuals or firms or interest groups must have __________; that is,they must be directly harmed by a law or action.

Explain the significance of Marbury v.Madison.

The president,with the __________ and __________ of the Senate,appoints all federal judges.

Justices who do not agree with the outcome of a case write __________ opinions.

What is the name given to the power of the courts to interpret,and overturn,the actions of the executive and legislative branches?

Which article of the U.S.Constitution declares that the Constitution is the "supreme law of the land"?

According to Table 13.4,"How They Vote: Liberal and Conservative Blocs on the Supreme Court," Justice Stephen Breyer is the moderate justice on the Roberts Court.

Federal judges are appointed to __________ terms.

How many levels does the federal judiciary have?

In order for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court,at least __________ justices must vote to hear the case.

The Supreme Court,circuit courts,and district courts are all types of __________.

A life term enables federal judges to decide cases based on __________ without concern for the popularity of the decision.

In court rulings,reliance on past decisions to formulate decisions in new cases is known as which of the following?

Explain the historical development of the independent counsel (or special prosecutor).Do you believe that the special prosecutor should still exist? Why or why not?

As of 2012,how many African Americans have served on the U.S.Supreme Court?

In which courts are the vast majority of all cases tried?

Based on Figure 13.1,"Structure of Federal Courts," which of the following has no original jurisdiction?