Exam 6: Biological and Psychological Explanations

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Which of the following is a common critique of psychological studies?

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Individuals who experience early _____ are more likely to commit delinquent acts.

(Short Answer)
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Modern _____ explanations say delinquency and crime arise from internal disturbances developing in early childhood because of interaction problems between parents and children.

(Short Answer)
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Childhood temperament studies have no bearing on delinquency.

(True/False)
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Which of the following criminal defenses is based on the idea of women having "raging hormones"?

(Multiple Choice)
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Discuss the controversy regarding having a low IQ and delinquency.

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Explain why biological explanations have been,and remain,controversial.

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Match the term with the corresponding description.
atavism
serotonin
concordance
supports the idea that crime is inherited genetically
ego
study that concerned the size and shape of the skull and was popular from the mid-1700s to the mid-1800s
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Responses:
atavism
serotonin
concordance
supports the idea that crime is inherited genetically
ego
study that concerned the size and shape of the skull and was popular from the mid-1700s to the mid-1800s
heredity
hormonal changes in the days before menstruation
phrenology
assumes that people’s body shapes affect their personalities and hence the crimes they commit
neurotransmitter
it represents the more rational part of personality
personality
consists of the id, ego and superego
somatology
criminals are evolutionary accidents who resemble primitive people more than modern people
testosterone
a “male hormone”
premenstrual syndrome
when both members of a pair act alike
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Individuals who experience early puberty often:

(Multiple Choice)
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Which of the following may impair moral reasoning and the ability to appreciate the consequences of one's actions?

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Relatively new technologies,such as positron emission tomography (PET)and _____,have enabled scientists to study the brain as never before.

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A popular modern biological explanation of crime centers on _____,the "male hormone."

(Short Answer)
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Phrenology concerns the size and shape of skull as a measurement of criminality.

(True/False)
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Some of the most important work today in psychology and crime focuses on ______________.

(Short Answer)
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Kohlberg's theory of _____ is an explanation of the ability to distinguish right from wrong and to determine the ethically correct course of action in complex cases.

(Multiple Choice)
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The first notable family study involved the Jukes.

(True/False)
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Poor school performance leads to less attachment to school and thus to higher rates of delinquency.

(True/False)
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Which of the following statements best describes cads?

(Multiple Choice)
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Researchers have found that variants of a gene called MAOA have been implicated in high-risk behavior,including criminal behavior.

(True/False)
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Why did Lombroso believe women committed so little crime?

(Multiple Choice)
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