Question 1

The absolute temperature of an ideal gas is directly proportional to which of the following properties,when taken as an average,of the molecules of that gas?

Accepted Answer

A) speed 
B) momentum 
C) mass 
D) kinetic energy 
A) speed 
B) momentum 
C) mass 
D) kinetic energy

Question 2

How many moles of air must escape from a 15.0-m × 9.0-m × 6.0-m room when the temperature is raised from 10.0°C to 20.0°C? Assume the pressure remains unchanged at one atmosphere while the room is heated.(R = 8.31 J/mol⋅K)

Accepted Answer

A) 4.9E+3 moles 
B) 1.2E+3 moles 
C) 2.2E+2 moles 
D) 7.9E+2 moles 
E) 5.0E+3 moles 
A) 4.9E+3 moles 
B) 1.2E+3 moles 
C) 2.2E+2 moles 
D) 7.9E+2 moles 
E) 5.0E+3 moles

Question 3

A quantity of a monatomic ideal gas expands to twice the volume while maintaining the same pressure.If the internal energy of the gas were U0 before the expansion,what is it after the expansion?

Accepted Answer

A) U0 
B) 2U0 
C) 4U0 
D) The change in temperature must also be known to answer this question. 
A) U0 
B) 2U0 
C) 4U0 
D) The change in temperature must also be known to answer this question.

Question 4

An ideal gas is confined to a container with constant volume.The number of moles is constant.By what factor will the pressure change if the absolute temperature triples?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/9 
B) 1/3 
C) 3 
D) 9 
A) 1/9 
B) 1/3 
C) 3 
D) 9

Question 5

What happens to a given mass of water as it is cooled from 4°C to zero?

Accepted Answer

A) expands 
B) contracts 
C) vaporizes 
D) Neither expands,contracts,nor vaporizes. 
A) expands 
B) contracts 
C) vaporizes 
D) Neither expands,contracts,nor vaporizes.

Question 6

An interval of one Celsius degree is equivalent to an interval of:

Accepted Answer

A) one Fahrenheit degree. 
B) one kelvin. 
C) 5/9 Fahrenheit degree. 
D) 5/9 kelvin. 
A) one Fahrenheit degree. 
B) one kelvin. 
C) 5/9 Fahrenheit degree. 
D) 5/9 kelvin.

Question 7

Which best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A) no net energy is exchanged 
B) volumes are equal 
C) masses are equal 
D) zero velocity 
A) no net energy is exchanged 
B) volumes are equal 
C) masses are equal 
D) zero velocity

Question 8

A long steel beam has a length of twenty-eight meters on a cold day when the temperature is 0°C.What is the length of the beam on a hot day when T = 39°C? (αsteel = 1.1 × 10−5/C°)

Accepted Answer

A) 28.009 m 
B) 28.015 m 
C) 28.012 m 
D) 28.036 m 
E) ​28.004 m 
A) 28.009 m 
B) 28.015 m 
C) 28.012 m 
D) 28.036 m 
E) ​28.004 m

Question 9

The coefficient of area expansion is

Accepted Answer

A) half the coefficient of volume expansion. 
B) three halves the coefficient of volume expansion. 
C) double the coefficient of linear expansion. 
D) triple the coefficient of linear expansion. 
A) half the coefficient of volume expansion. 
B) three halves the coefficient of volume expansion. 
C) double the coefficient of linear expansion. 
D) triple the coefficient of linear expansion.

Question 10

Different units can be used for length: m and cm,and of these two,m is the larger by a factor of 100.Different units can also be used for R:
(1)J/mol⋅K,
(2)L⋅atm/mol⋅K,and
(3)(N/m2)⋅m3/mol⋅K.
Which of these units for R is the largest? Hint: When expressing R in each of these units,which expression has the lowest numerical factor? (1 L = 10−3 m3,1 atm = 1.01 × 105 Pa)

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) They are all equal. 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) They are all equal.

Question 11

An ideal gas is confined to a container with adjustable volume.The number of moles and temperature are constant.By what factor will the volume change if pressure triples?

Accepted Answer

A) 1/9 
B) 1/3 
C) 3 
D) 9 
A) 1/9 
B) 1/3 
C) 3 
D) 9

Question 12

What is the internal energy of 50 moles of neon gas (molecular mass = 20 u)at 20.0°C? (R = 8.31 J/mol⋅K)

Accepted Answer

A) 1.8E+5 J 
B) 8.1E+5 J 
C) 2.1E+3 J 
D) ​1.2E+4 J 
E) ​It depends on the container size,which is not given. 
A) 1.8E+5 J 
B) 8.1E+5 J 
C) 2.1E+3 J 
D) ​1.2E+4 J 
E) ​It depends on the container size,which is not given.

Question 13

What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with another system made up of ice and water at one atmosphere of pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) 0°F 
B) 273 K 
C) 0 K 
D) 100°C 
A) 0°F 
B) 273 K 
C) 0 K 
D) 100°C

Question 14

A substance is heated from 23°C to 45°C.What would the same incremental change be when registered in kelvins?

Accepted Answer

A) 22 
B) 71.6 
C) 295 
D) 34 
E) 28 
A) 22 
B) 71.6 
C) 295 
D) 34 
E) 28

Question 15

Which of the following properties can be used to measure temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) the color of a glowing object 
B) the length of a solid 
C) the volume of gas held at constant pressure 
D) all of the above 
A) the color of a glowing object 
B) the length of a solid 
C) the volume of gas held at constant pressure 
D) all of the above

Question 16

Suppose the ends of a 27-m-long steel beam are rigidly clamped at 0°C to prevent expansion.The rail has a cross-sectional area of 35 cm2.What force does the beam exert when it is heated to 39°C? (αsteel = 1.1 × 10−5/C°,Ysteel = 2.0 × 1011 N/m2).

Accepted Answer

A) 3.0E+5 N 
B) 1.2E+3 N 
C) 1.7E+3 N 
D) 2.3E+2 N 
E) ​7.5E+4 N 
A) 3.0E+5 N 
B) 1.2E+3 N 
C) 1.7E+3 N 
D) 2.3E+2 N 
E) ​7.5E+4 N

Question 17

The noble gases,listed by increasing molecular weight,are He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,and Rn.If samples of 1 mole each of these gases are placed in separate containers and heated to 300 K,which gas has the greatest internal energy and the molecules of which gas have the highest rms speed?

Accepted Answer

A) The He has the greatest internal energy,and the Rn has the greatest rms speed. 
B) The Rn has the greatest internal energy,and the He has the greatest rms speed. 
C) All the gases have the same internal energy,and the Rn has the greatest rms speed. 
D) All the gases have the same internal energy,and the He has the greatest rms speed. 
A) The He has the greatest internal energy,and the Rn has the greatest rms speed. 
B) The Rn has the greatest internal energy,and the He has the greatest rms speed. 
C) All the gases have the same internal energy,and the Rn has the greatest rms speed. 
D) All the gases have the same internal energy,and the He has the greatest rms speed.

Question 18

At room temperature,the coefficient of linear expansion for Pyrex glass is ____ that for ordinary glass.

Accepted Answer

A) the same as 
B) more than 
C) less than 
D) stronger than 
A) the same as 
B) more than 
C) less than 
D) stronger than

Question 19

A steel plate has a hole drilled through it.The plate is put into a furnace and heated.What happens to the size of the inside diameter of a hole as its temperature increases?

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) remains constant 
D) becomes elliptical 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) remains constant 
D) becomes elliptical

Question 20

One way to heat a gas is to compress it.A gas at 3.0 atm at 27°C is compressed to three tenths of its original volume,and it reaches 35 atm pressure.What is its new temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) 186 K 
B) 95°C 
C) 1 050°C 
D) 777°C 
E) 389 K 
A) 186 K 
B) 95°C 
C) 1 050°C 
D) 777°C 
E) 389 K

Exam 10: Thermal Physics

The absolute temperature of an ideal gas is directly proportional to which of the following properties,when taken as an average,of the molecules of that gas?

How many moles of air must escape from a 15.0-m × 9.0-m × 6.0-m room when the temperature is raised from 10.0°C to 20.0°C? Assume the pressure remains unchanged at one atmosphere while the room is heated.(R = 8.31 J/mol⋅K)

A quantity of a monatomic ideal gas expands to twice the volume while maintaining the same pressure.If the internal energy of the gas were U0 before the expansion,what is it after the expansion?

An ideal gas is confined to a container with constant volume.The number of moles is constant.By what factor will the pressure change if the absolute temperature triples?

What happens to a given mass of water as it is cooled from 4°C to zero?

An interval of one Celsius degree is equivalent to an interval of:

Which best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?

A long steel beam has a length of twenty-eight meters on a cold day when the temperature is 0°C.What is the length of the beam on a hot day when T = 39°C? (αsteel = 1.1 × 10−5/C°)

The coefficient of area expansion is

An ideal gas is confined to a container with adjustable volume.The number of moles and temperature are constant.By what factor will the volume change if pressure triples?

What is the internal energy of 50 moles of neon gas (molecular mass = 20 u)at 20.0°C? (R = 8.31 J/mol⋅K)

What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with another system made up of ice and water at one atmosphere of pressure?

A substance is heated from 23°C to 45°C.What would the same incremental change be when registered in kelvins?

Which of the following properties can be used to measure temperature?

Suppose the ends of a 27-m-long steel beam are rigidly clamped at 0°C to prevent expansion.The rail has a cross-sectional area of 35 cm2.What force does the beam exert when it is heated to 39°C? (αsteel = 1.1 × 10−5/C°,Ysteel = 2.0 × 1011 N/m2).

The noble gases,listed by increasing molecular weight,are He,Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,and Rn.If samples of 1 mole each of these gases are placed in separate containers and heated to 300 K,which gas has the greatest internal energy and the molecules of which gas have the highest rms speed?

At room temperature,the coefficient of linear expansion for Pyrex glass is ____ that for ordinary glass.

A steel plate has a hole drilled through it.The plate is put into a furnace and heated.What happens to the size of the inside diameter of a hole as its temperature increases?

One way to heat a gas is to compress it.A gas at 3.0 atm at 27°C is compressed to three tenths of its original volume,and it reaches 35 atm pressure.What is its new temperature?

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A quantity of a monatomic ideal gas expands to twice the volume while maintaining the same pressure.If the internal energy of the gas were U₀ before the expansion,what is it after the expansion?

A long steel beam has a length of twenty-eight meters on a cold day when the temperature is 0°C.What is the length of the beam on a hot day when T = 39°C? (α_steel = 1.1 × 10−⁵/C°)

Suppose the ends of a 27-m-long steel beam are rigidly clamped at 0°C to prevent expansion.The rail has a cross-sectional area of 35 cm².What force does the beam exert when it is heated to 39°C? (α_steel = 1.1 × 10−⁵/C°,Y_steel = 2.0 × 10¹¹ N/m²).