Question 1

Complete the following statement: A bicycle tire explodes after lying in the hot afternoon sun. This is an illustration of

Accepted Answer

A) Charles' law. 
B) Boyle's law. 
C) Fick's law. 
D) the ideal gas law. 
E) the Maxwell speed distribution. 
A) Charles' law. 
B) Boyle's law. 
C) Fick's law. 
D) the ideal gas law. 
E) the Maxwell speed distribution.

Question 2

A concentration difference of a certain solute of 1.0 × 10-2 kg/m3 is maintained between the ends of a tube with a length of 3.5 m and a cross-sectional area of 0.25 m2. When 0.0040 g of the solute is introduced to the tube, it takes 350 minutes for this solute to diffuse through the solvent to the opposite end of the tube. What is the diffusion constant for the solute?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.7 × 10-7 m2/s 
B) 4.5 × 10-9 m2/s 
C) 7.5 × 10-10 m2/s 
D) 6.3 × 10-8 m2/s 
E) 1.1 × 10-11 m2/s 
A) 2.7 × 10-7 m2/s 
B) 4.5 × 10-9 m2/s 
C) 7.5 × 10-10 m2/s 
D) 6.3 × 10-8 m2/s 
E) 1.1 × 10-11 m2/s

Question 3

A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is originally at 20 °C. What is the final temperature of the gas if the pressure is doubled and volume is reduced to one-fourth its initial value?

Accepted Answer

A) 900 °C 
B) 10 °C 
C) 80 °C 
D) -130 °C 
E) -260 °C 
A) 900 °C 
B) 10 °C 
C) 80 °C 
D) -130 °C 
E) -260 °C

Question 4

A sealed container has a volume of 0.020 m3 and contains 15.0 g of molecular nitrogen (N2), which has a molecular mass of 28.0 u. The gas is at 525 K. What is the absolute pressure of the nitrogen gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.9 × 10-19 Pa 
B) 4.3 × 10-5 Pa 
C) 1.2 × 105 Pa 
D) 1.9 × 105 Pa 
E) 4.3 × 106 Pa 
A) 3.9 × 10-19 Pa 
B) 4.3 × 10-5 Pa 
C) 1.2 × 105 Pa 
D) 1.9 × 105 Pa 
E) 4.3 × 106 Pa

Question 5

An air bubble 20 m below the surface of a lake has a volume of 0.02 m3. The bubble then rises to the surface. Assuming the temperature of the lake is uniform, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks through the surface?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.02 m3 
B) 0.04 m3 
C) 0.06 m3 
D) 0.08 m3 
E) 0.10 m3 
A) 0.02 m3 
B) 0.04 m3 
C) 0.06 m3 
D) 0.08 m3 
E) 0.10 m3

Question 6

The density of diamond, a form of carbon, is 3520 kg/m3. If the atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 u, how many carbon atoms are there in a solid diamond sphere with a radius of 0.0125 m?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.15 × 1027 atoms 
B) 5.76 × 1026 atoms 
C) 2.88 × 1025 atoms 
D) 1.44 × 1024 atoms 
E) 7.21 × 1023 atoms 
A) 1.15 × 1027 atoms 
B) 5.76 × 1026 atoms 
C) 2.88 × 1025 atoms 
D) 1.44 × 1024 atoms 
E) 7.21 × 1023 atoms

Question 7

A bubble with a volume of 1.0 cm3 forms at the bottom of a lake that is 20.0 m deep. The temperature at the bottom of the lake is 10.0 °C. The bubble rises to the surface where the temperature is 25.0 °C. Assume that the bubble is small enough that its temperature always matches that of its surroundings. What is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks the surface of the water?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.1 cm3 
B) 2.8 cm3 
C) 3.1 cm3 
D) 6.0 cm3 
E) 7.7 cm3 
A) 2.1 cm3 
B) 2.8 cm3 
C) 3.1 cm3 
D) 6.0 cm3 
E) 7.7 cm3

Question 8

The volume of a carbon dioxide bubble rising in a glass of beer is observed to nearly double as the bubble rises from the bottom to the top of the glass. Why, according to our textbook, does the volume nearly double?

Accepted Answer

A) The temperature at the bottom is cooler than it is at the top. 
B) The amount of carbon dioxide in the bubble increases. 
C) The fluid pressure of the beer is greater at the bottom of the glass than at the top. 
D) The pressure inside the bubble decreases as it rises. 
E) The shape of the glass determines the net force exerted on the bubble. 
A) The temperature at the bottom is cooler than it is at the top. 
B) The amount of carbon dioxide in the bubble increases. 
C) The fluid pressure of the beer is greater at the bottom of the glass than at the top. 
D) The pressure inside the bubble decreases as it rises. 
E) The shape of the glass determines the net force exerted on the bubble.

Question 9

The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K. The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 105 Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10-3 m3. What is the mass of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 9.11 × 10-5 kg 
B) 2.18 × 10-4 kg 
C) 4.22 × 10-4 kg 
D) 6.04 × 10-4 kg 
E) 2.27 × 10-3 kg 
A) 9.11 × 10-5 kg 
B) 2.18 × 10-4 kg 
C) 4.22 × 10-4 kg 
D) 6.04 × 10-4 kg 
E) 2.27 × 10-3 kg

Question 10

An ideal gas at 0 °C is contained within a rigid vessel. The temperature of the gas is increased by 1 C°. What is Pf/Pi, the ratio of the final to initial pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) 273/274 
B) 274/273 
C) 1/2 
D) 1/10 
E) 1/273 
A) 273/274 
B) 274/273 
C) 1/2 
D) 1/10 
E) 1/273

Question 11

A 7.50 × 10-3-m3 bottle contains 0.0200 kg of oxygen gas, O2, at 77.0 °C. What is the pressure exerted on the inner walls of the flask by the oxygen gas? Note: the atomic mass of O is 15.9994 u.

Accepted Answer

A) 8.42 × 104 Pa 
B) 1.45 × 105 Pa 
C) 2.43 × 105 Pa 
D) 4.86 × 105 Pa 
E) 1.46 × 106 Pa 
A) 8.42 × 104 Pa 
B) 1.45 × 105 Pa 
C) 2.43 × 105 Pa 
D) 4.86 × 105 Pa 
E) 1.46 × 106 Pa

Question 12

Complete the following statement: The pressure exerted by a monatomic, ideal gas on the walls of its containing vessel is a measure of

Accepted Answer

A) the molecular kinetic energy per unit volume. 
B) the average random kinetic energy per molecule. 
C) the temperature of the gas, regardless of the volume of the vessel. 
D) the total internal energy of the gas, regardless of the volume of the vessel. 
E) the momentum per unit volume. 
A) the molecular kinetic energy per unit volume. 
B) the average random kinetic energy per molecule. 
C) the temperature of the gas, regardless of the volume of the vessel. 
D) the total internal energy of the gas, regardless of the volume of the vessel. 
E) the momentum per unit volume.

Question 13

Which one of the following properties of a gas is not consistent with kinetic theory?

Accepted Answer

A) The average speed of the gas molecules is smaller at high temperatures. 
B) Gas molecules are widely separated. 
C) Gases fill whatever space is available to them. 
D) Gas molecules move rapidly in a random fashion. 
E) Gas molecules make elastic collisions with the walls of the containing vessel. 
A) The average speed of the gas molecules is smaller at high temperatures. 
B) Gas molecules are widely separated. 
C) Gases fill whatever space is available to them. 
D) Gas molecules move rapidly in a random fashion. 
E) Gas molecules make elastic collisions with the walls of the containing vessel.

Question 14

Which one of the following statements best explains why gases are not commercially sold by volume?

Accepted Answer

A) Gas volume is negligible. 
B) Gas volume is difficult to measure. 
C) Gas volume depends on the type of gas. 
D) Gases have comparatively low densities. 
E) Gas volume depends on temperature and pressure. 
A) Gas volume is negligible. 
B) Gas volume is difficult to measure. 
C) Gas volume depends on the type of gas. 
D) Gases have comparatively low densities. 
E) Gas volume depends on temperature and pressure.

Question 15

Helium gas at 20 °C is confined within a rigid vessel. The gas is then heated until its pressure is doubled. What is the final temperature of the gas?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 °C 
B) 20 °C 
C) 40 °C 
D) 313 °C 
E) 586 °C 
A) 10 °C 
B) 20 °C 
C) 40 °C 
D) 313 °C 
E) 586 °C

Exam 14: The Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic Theory

Complete the following statement: A bicycle tire explodes after lying in the hot afternoon sun. This is an illustration of

A sample of a monatomic ideal gas is originally at 20 °C. What is the final temperature of the gas if the pressure is doubled and volume is reduced to one-fourth its initial value?

A sealed container has a volume of 0.020 m3 and contains 15.0 g of molecular nitrogen (N2), which has a molecular mass of 28.0 u. The gas is at 525 K. What is the absolute pressure of the nitrogen gas?

An air bubble 20 m below the surface of a lake has a volume of 0.02 m3. The bubble then rises to the surface. Assuming the temperature of the lake is uniform, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks through the surface?

The density of diamond, a form of carbon, is 3520 kg/m3. If the atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 u, how many carbon atoms are there in a solid diamond sphere with a radius of 0.0125 m?

The volume of a carbon dioxide bubble rising in a glass of beer is observed to nearly double as the bubble rises from the bottom to the top of the glass. Why, according to our textbook, does the volume nearly double?

The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K. The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 105 Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10-3 m3. What is the mass of the gas?

An ideal gas at 0 °C is contained within a rigid vessel. The temperature of the gas is increased by 1 C°. What is Pf/Pi, the ratio of the final to initial pressure?

A 7.50 × 10-3-m3 bottle contains 0.0200 kg of oxygen gas, O2, at 77.0 °C. What is the pressure exerted on the inner walls of the flask by the oxygen gas? Note: the atomic mass of O is 15.9994 u.

Complete the following statement: The pressure exerted by a monatomic, ideal gas on the walls of its containing vessel is a measure of

Which one of the following properties of a gas is not consistent with kinetic theory?

Which one of the following statements best explains why gases are not commercially sold by volume?

Helium gas at 20 °C is confined within a rigid vessel. The gas is then heated until its pressure is doubled. What is the final temperature of the gas?

Introduction and Mathematical Concepts

Kinematics in One Dimension

Kinematics in Two Dimensions

Forces and Newtons Laws of Motion

Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion

Work and Energy

Impulse and Momentum

Rotational Kinematics

Rotational Dynamics

Simple Harmonic Motion and Elasticity

Fluids

Temperature and Heat

The Transfer of Heat

Thermodynamics

Waves and Sound

The Principle of Linear Superposition and Interference Phenomena

Electric Forces and Electric Fields

Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential

Electric Circuits

Magnetic Forces and Magnetic Fields

Electromagnetic Induction

Alternating Current Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

The Refl Ection of Light: Mirrors

The Refraction of Light: Lenses and Optical Instruments

Interference and the Wave Nature of Light

Special Relativity

Particles and Waves

The Nature of the Atom

Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity

Ionizing Radiation, Nuclear Energy, and Elementary Particles

Filters

A sealed container has a volume of 0.020 m³ and contains 15.0 g of molecular nitrogen (N₂), which has a molecular mass of 28.0 u. The gas is at 525 K. What is the absolute pressure of the nitrogen gas?

An air bubble 20 m below the surface of a lake has a volume of 0.02 m³. The bubble then rises to the surface. Assuming the temperature of the lake is uniform, what is the volume of the bubble just before it breaks through the surface?

The density of diamond, a form of carbon, is 3520 kg/m³. If the atomic mass of carbon is 12.011 u, how many carbon atoms are there in a solid diamond sphere with a radius of 0.0125 m?

The temperature of a monatomic ideal gas with a mass per mole of 0.00750 kg/mol is 298 K. The absolute pressure of the gas is 1.65 × 10⁵ Pa when its volume is 1.21 × 10^-3 m³. What is the mass of the gas?

An ideal gas at 0 °C is contained within a rigid vessel. The temperature of the gas is increased by 1 C°. What is P_f/P_i, the ratio of the final to initial pressure?

A 7.50 × 10^-³-m³ bottle contains 0.0200 kg of oxygen gas, O₂, at 77.0 °C. What is the pressure exerted on the inner walls of the flask by the oxygen gas? Note: the atomic mass of O is 15.9994 u.