Question 1

When a wool blanket is used to keep warm,what is the primary insulating material?

Accepted Answer

A)  wool 
B)  air 
C)  the trim around the edge of the blanket 
D)  a thin layer of aluminum foil (usually not apparent)inside the blanket 
A)  wool 
B)  air 
C)  the trim around the edge of the blanket 
D)  a thin layer of aluminum foil (usually not apparent)inside the blanket

Question 2

A swimming pool heater has to be able to raise the temperature of the 60,000 gallons of water in the pool by 11.0 C°.How many kilowatt-hours of energy are required? (One gallon of water has a mass of approximately 3.8 kg and the specific heat of water is 4,186 J/kg⋅°C. )
​

Accepted Answer

A)  770 kWh 
B)  2,920 kWh 
C)  270 kWh 
D)  29,160 kWh 
E)  ​290 kWh 
A)  770 kWh 
B)  2,920 kWh 
C)  270 kWh 
D)  29,160 kWh 
E)  ​290 kWh

Question 3

A 60-g cube of ice,initially at 0.0°C,is dropped into 250 g of water in an 80-g aluminum container,both initially at 20°C.What is the final equilibrium temperature? (Specific heat for aluminum is 900 J/kg⋅°C,the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C,and Lf = 3.33 × 105 J/kg. )
​

Accepted Answer

A)  3.4°C 
B)  1.7°C 
C)  0.85°C 
D)  2.55°C 
E)  3.0°C 
A)  3.4°C 
B)  1.7°C 
C)  0.85°C 
D)  2.55°C 
E)  3.0°C

Question 4

A puddle holds 190 g of water.If 1.0 g of water evaporates from the surface,what is the approximate temperature change of the remaining water? (Lv = 540 cal/g)

Accepted Answer

A)  +2.8 C° 
B)  −2.8 C° 
C)  +0.28 C° 
D)  −0.28 C° 
A)  +2.8 C° 
B)  −2.8 C° 
C)  +0.28 C° 
D)  −0.28 C°

Question 5

A hot (80°C)lump of metal has a mass of 270 g and a specific heat of 0.25 cal/g⋅°C.John drops the metal into a 450-g calorimeter containing 85 g of water at 24°C.The calorimeter is constructed of a material that has a specific heat of 0.10 cal/ g⋅°C.When equilibrium is reached,what will be the final temperature? cwater = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C.

Accepted Answer

A)  12°C 
B)  79°C 
C)  21°C 
D)  43°C 
E)  23°C 
A)  12°C 
B)  79°C 
C)  21°C 
D)  43°C 
E)  23°C

Question 6

At high noon,the sun delivers 1,100 W to each square meter of a blacktop road.What is the equilibrium temperature of the hot asphalt,assuming its emissivity e = 1? (σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W/m2⋅K4).
​

Accepted Answer

A)  103°C 
B)  97°C 
C)  100°C 
D)  94°C 
E)  96°C 
A)  103°C 
B)  97°C 
C)  100°C 
D)  94°C 
E)  96°C

Question 7

If one's hands are being warmed by holding them to one side of a flame,the predominant form of heat transfer is what process?

Accepted Answer

A)  conduction 
B)  radiation 
C)  convection 
D)  vaporization 
A)  conduction 
B)  radiation 
C)  convection 
D)  vaporization

Question 8

A 10-kg piece of aluminum (which has a specific heat of 900 J/kg⋅°C)is warmed so that its temperature increases by 5.0 C°.How much heat was transferred into it?

Accepted Answer

A)  4.5 × 104 J 
B)  9.0 × 104 J 
C)  9.0 × 105 J 
D)  3.8 × 105 J 
A)  4.5 × 104 J 
B)  9.0 × 104 J 
C)  9.0 × 105 J 
D)  3.8 × 105 J

Question 9

An inventor develops a stationary cycling device by which an individual,while pedaling,can convert all of the energy expended into heat for warming water.How much mechanical energy is required to increase the temperature of 200 g of water (enough for 1 cup of coffee)from 22°C to 96°C? (1 cal = 4.186 J,the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C)
​

Accepted Answer

A)  62,000 J 
B)  31,000 J 
C)  16,000 J 
D)  1,000 J 
E)  ​15 J 
A)  62,000 J 
B)  31,000 J 
C)  16,000 J 
D)  1,000 J 
E)  ​15 J

Question 10

A solar heated house loses about 5.2 × 107 cal through its outer surfaces on a typical 24-h winter day.What mass of storage rock is needed to provide this amount of heat if it is brought up to initial temperature of 66°C by the solar collectors and the house is maintained at 21°C? (Specific heat of rock is 0.21 cal/g⋅°C. )
​

Accepted Answer

A)  1,100 kg 
B)  55,000 kg 
C)  5,500 kg 
D)  600 kg 
E)  ​1,200 kg 
A)  1,100 kg 
B)  55,000 kg 
C)  5,500 kg 
D)  600 kg 
E)  ​1,200 kg

Question 11

How much heat energy must be removed from 150 g of oxygen at 21°C to liquefy it at −183°C? (The specific heat of oxygen gas is 0.218 cal/g⋅°C,and its heat of vaporization is 50.9 cal/g. )
​

Accepted Answer

A)  28,620 cal 
B)  14,310 cal 
C)  3,580 cal 
D)  7,160 cal 
E)  21,470 cal 
A)  28,620 cal 
B)  14,310 cal 
C)  3,580 cal 
D)  7,160 cal 
E)  21,470 cal

Question 12

Which of the following produces greenhouse gases?

Accepted Answer

A)  burning fossil fuel 
B)  digestive processes in cows 
C)  automobile pollution 
D)  all of the above 
A)  burning fossil fuel 
B)  digestive processes in cows 
C)  automobile pollution 
D)  all of the above

Question 13

A 3-g lead bullet traveling in 21°C air at 295 m/s strikes a flat steel plate and stops.What is the final temperature of the lead bullet? (Assume the bullet retains all heat. )The melting point of lead is 327°C.The specific heat of lead is 0.128 J/g⋅°C.The heat of fusion of lead is 24.5 J/g.
​

Accepted Answer

A)  271°C 
B)  181°C 
C)  433°C 
D)  327°C 
E)  ​361°C 
A)  271°C 
B)  181°C 
C)  433°C 
D)  327°C 
E)  ​361°C

Question 14

How does the heat energy from the sun reach us through the vacuum of space?

Accepted Answer

A)  conduction 
B)  radiation 
C)  convection 
D)  none of the above choices are valid 
A)  conduction 
B)  radiation 
C)  convection 
D)  none of the above choices are valid

Question 15

Find the final equilibrium temperature when 25.0 g of milk at 10.0°C is added to 200 g of coffee at 95.0°C.(Assume the specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as water and neglect the heat capacity of the container. )cwater = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C = 4186 J/kg⋅°C

Accepted Answer

A)  85.6°C 
B)  107.1°C 
C)  110.0°C 
D)  83.3°C 
E)  84.6°C 
A)  85.6°C 
B)  107.1°C 
C)  110.0°C 
D)  83.3°C 
E)  84.6°C

Question 16

A piece of copper of mass 110 g is being drilled through with a 1/2" electric drill.The drill operates at 35.0 W and takes 25.0 s to bore through the copper.If all the energy from the drill heats the copper,find the copper's increase in temperature.ccopper = 387 J/kg⋅°C.
​

Accepted Answer

A)  25.8 C° 
B)  15.5 C° 
C)  20.6 C° 
D)  30.9 C° 
E)  41.2 C° 
A)  25.8 C° 
B)  15.5 C° 
C)  20.6 C° 
D)  30.9 C° 
E)  41.2 C°

Question 17

Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in what property?

Accepted Answer

A)  mass 
B)  specific heat 
C)  density 
D)  temperature 
A)  mass 
B)  specific heat 
C)  density 
D)  temperature

Question 18

I place a 600-g ice cube (initially at 0°C)in a Styrofoam box with wall thickness 1.8 cm and total surface area 700 cm2.If the air surrounding the box is at 25°C and after 6 hours the ice is completely melted,what is the conductivity of the Styrofoam material? (Lf = 80 cal/g)

Accepted Answer

A)  7.2 × 10−5 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
B)  2.7 × 10−6 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
C)  1.7 × 10−2 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
D)  2.4 × 10−4 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
E)  9.4 × 10−4 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
A)  7.2 × 10−5 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
B)  2.7 × 10−6 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
C)  1.7 × 10−2 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
D)  2.4 × 10−4 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C 
E)  9.4 × 10−4 cal/s⋅cm⋅°C

Question 19

A 0.0020-kg lead bullet is traveling at a speed of 240 m/s when it embeds in a block of ice at 0°C.If all the heat generated goes into melting ice,what quantity of ice is melted? (Lf = 80 kcal/kg,the specific heat of lead = 0.03 kcal/kg⋅°C,and 1 kcal = 4 186 J)

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 × 10−2 kg 
B)  3.4 × 10−4 kg 
C)  2.8 × 10−3 kg 
D)  1.7 × 10−4 kg 
E)  ​1.1 × 10−5 kg 
A)  1.0 × 10−2 kg 
B)  3.4 × 10−4 kg 
C)  2.8 × 10−3 kg 
D)  1.7 × 10−4 kg 
E)  ​1.1 × 10−5 kg

Question 20

The surfaces of a Dewar flask are silvered for the purpose of minimizing heat transfer by what process?

Accepted Answer

A)  conduction 
B)  radiation 
C)  convection 
D)  vaporization 
A)  conduction 
B)  radiation 
C)  convection 
D)  vaporization

Exam 11: Energy in Thermal Processes Heat and Internal Energy

When a wool blanket is used to keep warm,what is the primary insulating material?

A swimming pool heater has to be able to raise the temperature of the 60,000 gallons of water in the pool by 11.0 C°.How many kilowatt-hours of energy are required? (One gallon of water has a mass of approximately 3.8 kg and the specific heat of water is 4,186 J/kg⋅°C. ) ​

A 60-g cube of ice,initially at 0.0°C,is dropped into 250 g of water in an 80-g aluminum container,both initially at 20°C.What is the final equilibrium temperature? (Specific heat for aluminum is 900 J/kg⋅°C,the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C,and Lf = 3.33 × 105 J/kg. ) ​

A puddle holds 190 g of water.If 1.0 g of water evaporates from the surface,what is the approximate temperature change of the remaining water? (Lv = 540 cal/g)

At high noon,the sun delivers 1,100 W to each square meter of a blacktop road.What is the equilibrium temperature of the hot asphalt,assuming its emissivity e = 1? (σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W/m2⋅K4). ​

If one's hands are being warmed by holding them to one side of a flame,the predominant form of heat transfer is what process?

A 10-kg piece of aluminum (which has a specific heat of 900 J/kg⋅°C)is warmed so that its temperature increases by 5.0 C°.How much heat was transferred into it?

How much heat energy must be removed from 150 g of oxygen at 21°C to liquefy it at −183°C? (The specific heat of oxygen gas is 0.218 cal/g⋅°C,and its heat of vaporization is 50.9 cal/g. ) ​

Which of the following produces greenhouse gases?

How does the heat energy from the sun reach us through the vacuum of space?

Find the final equilibrium temperature when 25.0 g of milk at 10.0°C is added to 200 g of coffee at 95.0°C.(Assume the specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as water and neglect the heat capacity of the container. )cwater = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C = 4186 J/kg⋅°C

A piece of copper of mass 110 g is being drilled through with a 1/2" electric drill.The drill operates at 35.0 W and takes 25.0 s to bore through the copper.If all the energy from the drill heats the copper,find the copper's increase in temperature.ccopper = 387 J/kg⋅°C. ​

Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in what property?

I place a 600-g ice cube (initially at 0°C)in a Styrofoam box with wall thickness 1.8 cm and total surface area 700 cm2.If the air surrounding the box is at 25°C and after 6 hours the ice is completely melted,what is the conductivity of the Styrofoam material? (Lf = 80 cal/g)

A 0.0020-kg lead bullet is traveling at a speed of 240 m/s when it embeds in a block of ice at 0°C.If all the heat generated goes into melting ice,what quantity of ice is melted? (Lf = 80 kcal/kg,the specific heat of lead = 0.03 kcal/kg⋅°C,and 1 kcal = 4 186 J)

The surfaces of a Dewar flask are silvered for the purpose of minimizing heat transfer by what process?

Introduction

Introduction: Part A

Motion in One Dimension

Motion in One Dimension: Part A

Vectors and Two-Dimensional Motion

Vectors and Two-Dimensional Motion: Part A

The Laws of Motion

The Laws of Motion: Part A

Energy

Energy: Part A

Momentum and Collisions

Momentum and Collisions: Part A

Rotational Motion and the Law of Gravity

Rotational Motion and the Law of Gravity: Part A

Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics

Rotational Equilibrium and Rotational Dynamics: Part A

Solids and Fluids

Solids and Fluids: Part A

Thermal Physics

Thermal Physics: Part A

Energy in Thermal Processes Heat and Internal Energy: Part A

The Laws of Thermodynamics Work in Thermodynamic Processes

The Laws of Thermodynamics Work in Thermodynamic Processes: Part A

Vibrations and Waves

Vibrations and Waves: Part A

Sound

Sound: Part A

Electric Forces and Electric Fields

Electric Forces and Electric Fields: Part A

Electrical Energy and Capacitance

Electrical Energy and Capacitance: Part A

Current and Resistance Electric Current

Current and Resistance Electric Current: Part A

Direct-Current Circuits Sources of EMF

Direct-Current Circuits Sources of EMF: Part A

Magnetism Magnets

Magnetism Magnets: Part A

Induced Voltages and Inductance

Induced Voltages and Inductance: Part A

Alternating-Current Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves

Alternating-Current Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves: Part A

Reflection and Refraction of Light

Reflection and Refraction of Light: Part A

Mirrors and Lenses

Mirrors and Lenses: Part A

Wave Optics

Wave Optics: Part A

Optical Instruments

Optical Instruments: Part A

Relativity

Relativity: Part A

Quantum Physics Blackbody Radiation and Plancks Hypothesis

Quantum Physics Blackbody Radiation and Plancks Hypothesis: Part A

Atomic Physics

Atomic Physics: Part A

Nuclear Physics

Nuclear Physics: Part A

Nuclear Energy and Elementary Particles

Nuclear Energy and Elementary Particles: Part A

Particle Collisions, Mediating Photons, and Quark Structures: Exploring the Fundamentals of Physics

Filters

A swimming pool heater has to be able to raise the temperature of the 60,000 gallons of water in the pool by 11.0 C°.How many kilowatt-hours of energy are required? (One gallon of water has a mass of approximately 3.8 kg and the specific heat of water is 4,186 J/kg⋅°C. )

A 60-g cube of ice,initially at 0.0°C,is dropped into 250 g of water in an 80-g aluminum container,both initially at 20°C.What is the final equilibrium temperature? (Specific heat for aluminum is 900 J/kg⋅°C,the specific heat of water is 4 186 J/kg⋅°C,and L_f = 3.33 × 10⁵ J/kg. )

A puddle holds 190 g of water.If 1.0 g of water evaporates from the surface,what is the approximate temperature change of the remaining water? (L_v = 540 cal/g)

At high noon,the sun delivers 1,100 W to each square meter of a blacktop road.What is the equilibrium temperature of the hot asphalt,assuming its emissivity e = 1? (σ = 5.67 × 10−⁸ W/m²⋅K⁴).

How much heat energy must be removed from 150 g of oxygen at 21°C to liquefy it at −183°C? (The specific heat of oxygen gas is 0.218 cal/g⋅°C,and its heat of vaporization is 50.9 cal/g. )

Find the final equilibrium temperature when 25.0 g of milk at 10.0°C is added to 200 g of coffee at 95.0°C.(Assume the specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as water and neglect the heat capacity of the container. )c_water = 1.00 cal/g⋅°C = 4186 J/kg⋅°C

A piece of copper of mass 110 g is being drilled through with a ¹/₂" electric drill.The drill operates at 35.0 W and takes 25.0 s to bore through the copper.If all the energy from the drill heats the copper,find the copper's increase in temperature.c_copper = 387 J/kg⋅°C.

I place a 600-g ice cube (initially at 0°C)in a Styrofoam box with wall thickness 1.8 cm and total surface area 700 cm².If the air surrounding the box is at 25°C and after 6 hours the ice is completely melted,what is the conductivity of the Styrofoam material? (L_f = 80 cal/g)

A 0.0020-kg lead bullet is traveling at a speed of 240 m/s when it embeds in a block of ice at 0°C.If all the heat generated goes into melting ice,what quantity of ice is melted? (L_f = 80 kcal/kg,the specific heat of lead = 0.03 kcal/kg⋅°C,and 1 kcal = 4 186 J)