Question 1

Aluminum is produced commercially by electrolysis in a cell that contains

Accepted Answer

A) AlCl3(aq). 
B) aluminum anodes and cathodes. 
C) Al2O3(l)+ Na3AlF6(l). 
D) AlCl3(aq)+ Na3AlF6(aq). 
E) aluminum anodes. 
A) AlCl3(aq). 
B) aluminum anodes and cathodes. 
C) Al2O3(l)+ Na3AlF6(l). 
D) AlCl3(aq)+ Na3AlF6(aq). 
E) aluminum anodes.

Question 2

Almost all the potassium metal produced is used in the preparation of what compound?

Accepted Answer

A) KNO3 
B) K2O2 
C) KOH 
D) KO2 
E) KCl 
A) KNO3 
B) K2O2 
C) KOH 
D) KO2 
E) KCl

Question 3

Which of the following equations describes the reaction of copper metal with concentrated nitric acid?

Accepted Answer

A) 4Cu(s)+ 10H3O+(aq)+ NO3-(aq)→ 4Cu2+(aq)+ NH4+(aq)+ 13H2O(l) 
B) 5Cu(s)+ 12H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ 5Cu2+(aq)+ N2(g)+ 18H2O(l) 
C) Cu(s)+ 4H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ Cu2+(aq)+ 2NO2(g)+ 6H2O(l) 
D) 3Cu(s)+ 8H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ 3Cu2+(aq)+ 2NO(g)+ 12H2O(l) 
E) 4Cu(s)+ 10H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ 4Cu2+(aq)+ N2O(g)+ 15H2O(l) 
A) 4Cu(s)+ 10H3O+(aq)+ NO3-(aq)→ 4Cu2+(aq)+ NH4+(aq)+ 13H2O(l) 
B) 5Cu(s)+ 12H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ 5Cu2+(aq)+ N2(g)+ 18H2O(l) 
C) Cu(s)+ 4H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ Cu2+(aq)+ 2NO2(g)+ 6H2O(l) 
D) 3Cu(s)+ 8H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ 3Cu2+(aq)+ 2NO(g)+ 12H2O(l) 
E) 4Cu(s)+ 10H3O+(aq)+ 2NO3-(aq)→ 4Cu2+(aq)+ N2O(g)+ 15H2O(l)

Question 4

Which is the most fundamental reason why cesium is more reactive than rubidium?

Accepted Answer

A) The effective nuclear charge on the valence electrons of cesium is less than the effective nuclear charge on the valence electrons of rubidium. 
B) The electronegativity of cesium is less than the electronegativity of rubidium. 
C) The atomic radius of cesium is larger than the atomic radius of rubidium. 
D) The ionization energy of cesium is larger than the ionization energy of rubidium. 
E) The ionic radius of cesium is larger than the ionic radius of rubidium. 
A) The effective nuclear charge on the valence electrons of cesium is less than the effective nuclear charge on the valence electrons of rubidium. 
B) The electronegativity of cesium is less than the electronegativity of rubidium. 
C) The atomic radius of cesium is larger than the atomic radius of rubidium. 
D) The ionization energy of cesium is larger than the ionization energy of rubidium. 
E) The ionic radius of cesium is larger than the ionic radius of rubidium.

Question 5

In hot,basic solution,the hypochlorite ion is unstable.What are the products of its decomposition?

Accepted Answer

A) HCl(aq)and Cl2(g) 
B) ClO3-(aq)and ClO4-(aq) 
C) Cl-(aq)and Cl2(g) 
D) ClO2-(aq)and ClO3-(aq) 
E) Cl-(aq)and ClO3-(g) 
A) HCl(aq)and Cl2(g) 
B) ClO3-(aq)and ClO4-(aq) 
C) Cl-(aq)and Cl2(g) 
D) ClO2-(aq)and ClO3-(aq) 
E) Cl-(aq)and ClO3-(g)

Question 6

Which of the following is not an important use of sodium compounds?

Accepted Answer

A) NaCl as a food preservative 
B) Na2CO3 in the manufacture of glass 
C) NaOH in the extraction of Al2O3 from ore 
D) NaI in the production of iodine 
E) NaOH in the manufacture of soap 
A) NaCl as a food preservative 
B) Na2CO3 in the manufacture of glass 
C) NaOH in the extraction of Al2O3 from ore 
D) NaI in the production of iodine 
E) NaOH in the manufacture of soap

Question 7

Which element in Group IVA has the strongest metallic character?

Accepted Answer

A) None of the elements in Group IVA is metallic. 
B) Pb 
C) Si 
D) C 
E) Ge 
A) None of the elements in Group IVA is metallic. 
B) Pb 
C) Si 
D) C 
E) Ge

Question 8

Which nitrogen-containing compound is produced commercially via the Ostwald process?

Accepted Answer

A) NH4NO3 
B) N2O 
C) NH3 
D) NO 
E) HNO3 
A) NH4NO3 
B) N2O 
C) NH3 
D) NO 
E) HNO3

Question 9

Which of the following is not a commercial use for sulfur dioxide?

Accepted Answer

A) in the preparation of sulfuric acid 
B) as a disinfectant 
C) as a bleaching agent for wood pulp 
D) in a fire extinguisher 
E) as a food preservative 
A) in the preparation of sulfuric acid 
B) as a disinfectant 
C) as a bleaching agent for wood pulp 
D) in a fire extinguisher 
E) as a food preservative

Question 10

Suppose a metal (M)that is capable of forming +1,+2,and +3 oxidation states is heated and reacted with excess dioxygen gas.What is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

A) The metal will be oxidized to the +1 oxidation state and form a superoxide compound having the formula MO2. 
B) The metal will be oxidized to the +1 oxidation state and form a peroxide compound having the formula M2O2. 
C) The metal will be oxidized to the +2 oxidation state and form a compound having the formula MO. 
D) The metal will be oxidized to the +1 oxidation state and form a compound having the formula M2O. 
E) The metal will be oxidized to the +3 oxidation state and form a compound having the formula M2O3. 
A) The metal will be oxidized to the +1 oxidation state and form a superoxide compound having the formula MO2. 
B) The metal will be oxidized to the +1 oxidation state and form a peroxide compound having the formula M2O2. 
C) The metal will be oxidized to the +2 oxidation state and form a compound having the formula MO. 
D) The metal will be oxidized to the +1 oxidation state and form a compound having the formula M2O. 
E) The metal will be oxidized to the +3 oxidation state and form a compound having the formula M2O3.

Question 11

What is the largest source for the commercial preparation of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A) peroxides 
B) air 
C) silicates 
D) water 
E) carbonates 
A) peroxides 
B) air 
C) silicates 
D) water 
E) carbonates

Question 12

Which of the following reactions describes the formation of an ionic hydride?

Accepted Answer

A) 2H2(g)+ O2(g)→ 2H2O(l) 
B) H2(g)+ Cl2(g)→ 2HCl(g) 
C) 2K(s)+ H2(g)→ 2KH(s) 
D) H2(g)+ C2H4(g)→ C2H6(g) 
E) N2(g)+ 3H2(g)→ 2NH3(g) 
A) 2H2(g)+ O2(g)→ 2H2O(l) 
B) H2(g)+ Cl2(g)→ 2HCl(g) 
C) 2K(s)+ H2(g)→ 2KH(s) 
D) H2(g)+ C2H4(g)→ C2H6(g) 
E) N2(g)+ 3H2(g)→ 2NH3(g)

Question 13

In which of the following pairs is the nonmetal oxide the acid anhydride of the acid with which it is paired?

Accepted Answer

A) N2O3 and HNO3 
B) N2O5 and HNO3 
C) NO2 and HNO3 
D) NO2 and HNO2 
E) NO and HNO2 
A) N2O3 and HNO3 
B) N2O5 and HNO3 
C) NO2 and HNO3 
D) NO2 and HNO2 
E) NO and HNO2

Question 14

Which of the following is initially obtained commercially by electrolytic reduction?

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium 
B) fluorine 
C) copper 
D) iodine 
E) bromine 
A) magnesium 
B) fluorine 
C) copper 
D) iodine 
E) bromine

Question 15

Which of the following elements is obtained commercially from seawater and salt brine?

Accepted Answer

A) beryllium 
B) sulfur 
C) potassium 
D) magnesium 
E) aluminum 
A) beryllium 
B) sulfur 
C) potassium 
D) magnesium 
E) aluminum

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the general properties of the main group nonmetals is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) The oxides of nonmetals tend to be acidic. 
B) The ionization energies of the nonmetals increase down a group. 
C) Nonmetals tend to be insulators. 
D) Nonmetals tend to form monoatomic anions or oxoanions. 
E) The highest possible oxidation state for all but the most electronegative nonmetals is equal to the group number of the element. 
A) The oxides of nonmetals tend to be acidic. 
B) The ionization energies of the nonmetals increase down a group. 
C) Nonmetals tend to be insulators. 
D) Nonmetals tend to form monoatomic anions or oxoanions. 
E) The highest possible oxidation state for all but the most electronegative nonmetals is equal to the group number of the element.

Question 17

When P4O10 reacts with water,the product is

Accepted Answer

A) HPO3. 
B) H4P2O7. 
C) H3PO2. 
D) H3PO3. 
E) H3PO4. 
A) HPO3. 
B) H4P2O7. 
C) H3PO2. 
D) H3PO3. 
E) H3PO4.

Question 18

In which of the following compounds does sulfur exist in the +4 oxidation state?

Accepted Answer

A) KHSO3 
B) Na2S4O6 
C) Na2S2O3 
D) K2SO4 
E) H2S2O8 
A) KHSO3 
B) Na2S4O6 
C) Na2S2O3 
D) K2SO4 
E) H2S2O8

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning sulfur is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Sulfur exists in different allotropic forms. 
B) Sulfur is readily soluble in water. 
C) Sulfur has common oxidation states of -2,0,+4,and +6. 
D) Sulfur may act as either an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent. 
E) Sulfur may exist as S8 molecules. 
A) Sulfur exists in different allotropic forms. 
B) Sulfur is readily soluble in water. 
C) Sulfur has common oxidation states of -2,0,+4,and +6. 
D) Sulfur may act as either an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent. 
E) Sulfur may exist as S8 molecules.

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning oxides of carbon is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are produced when an organic substance is burned in an oxygen-lean environment. 
B) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are toxic in large quantities. 
C) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are colorless. 
D) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide support most combustion reactions. 
E) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are odorless. 
A) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are produced when an organic substance is burned in an oxygen-lean environment. 
B) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are toxic in large quantities. 
C) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are colorless. 
D) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide support most combustion reactions. 
E) Both carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are odorless.

Exam 21: Chemistry of the Main-Group Metals

Aluminum is produced commercially by electrolysis in a cell that contains

Almost all the potassium metal produced is used in the preparation of what compound?

Which of the following equations describes the reaction of copper metal with concentrated nitric acid?

Which is the most fundamental reason why cesium is more reactive than rubidium?

In hot,basic solution,the hypochlorite ion is unstable.What are the products of its decomposition?

Which of the following is not an important use of sodium compounds?

Which element in Group IVA has the strongest metallic character?

Which nitrogen-containing compound is produced commercially via the Ostwald process?

Which of the following is not a commercial use for sulfur dioxide?

Suppose a metal (M)that is capable of forming +1,+2,and +3 oxidation states is heated and reacted with excess dioxygen gas.What is the most likely result?

What is the largest source for the commercial preparation of oxygen?

Which of the following reactions describes the formation of an ionic hydride?

In which of the following pairs is the nonmetal oxide the acid anhydride of the acid with which it is paired?

Which of the following is initially obtained commercially by electrolytic reduction?

Which of the following elements is obtained commercially from seawater and salt brine?

Which of the following statements about the general properties of the main group nonmetals is incorrect?

When P4O10 reacts with water,the product is

In which of the following compounds does sulfur exist in the +4 oxidation state?

Which of the following statements concerning sulfur is incorrect?

Which of the following statements concerning oxides of carbon is false?

Chemistry and Measurement

Atoms, molecules, and Ions

Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations

Chemical Reactions

The Gaseous State

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory of the Atom

Electron Configurations and Periodicity

Ionic and Covalent Bonding

Molecular Geometry and Chemical Bonding Theory

States of Matter; Liquids and Solids

Solutions

Rates of Reaction

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria

Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibria

Thermodynamics and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Nuclear Chemistry

The Transition Elements and Coordination Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Polymer Materials: Synthetic and Biological

Filters

When P₄O₁₀ reacts with water,the product is