Question 1

The decay rate of a radioactive isotope can be increased by increasing the

Accepted Answer

A) temperature. 
B) pressure. 
C) size of the sample. 
D) None of the above. 
A) temperature. 
B) pressure. 
C) size of the sample. 
D) None of the above. C

Question 2

The radioactive isotope Z has a half-life of 12 hours.After 2 days, the fraction of the original amount remaining is

Accepted Answer

A) 1/2. 
B) 1/4. 
C) 1/8. 
D) 1/16. 
A) 1/2. 
B) 1/4. 
C) 1/8. 
D) 1/16. D

Question 3

The isotope   is most likely to emit

Accepted Answer

A) an alpha particle. 
B) a beta particle. 
C) a gamma ray. 
D) It is not possible to predict. 
A) an alpha particle. 
B) a beta particle. 
C) a gamma ray. 
D) It is not possible to predict. A

Question 4

This type of radiation is released when   decays to   .

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) All of the above. 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) All of the above.

Question 5

The basic requirement for a fusion reaction is (are)

Accepted Answer

A) temperature on the order of 100 million $\circ$C. 
B) dense concentration of hydrogen nuclei. 
C) confinement at 10 atmospheres pressure for at least one second. 
D) All of the above. 
A) temperature on the order of 100 million $\circ$C. 
B) dense concentration of hydrogen nuclei. 
C) confinement at 10 atmospheres pressure for at least one second. 
D) All of the above.

Question 6

A radioactive decay reaction produces a simpler, more stable nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The threshold model proposes that under a certain level, your body can repair the damage produced by radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Isotope A has a half-life measured in minutes, whereas isotope B has a half-life of millions of years.Which is more radioactive?

Accepted Answer

A) isotope A 
B) isotope B 
C) Both are equally dangerous. 
D) It depends on the temperature of each. 
A) isotope A 
B) isotope B 
C) Both are equally dangerous. 
D) It depends on the temperature of each.

Question 9

Alpha radiation is the least dangerous as alpha particles can be stopped by your skin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The amount of radiation we are naturally exposed to during a year is nearly

Accepted Answer

A) 150 rem. 
B) 100 rem. 
C) 1 rem. 
D) 0.150 rem. 
A) 150 rem. 
B) 100 rem. 
C) 1 rem. 
D) 0.150 rem.

Question 11

Airline crews receive roughly three times the background radiation of those of us who spend most of our time on the ground.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following correctly balances this decay reaction?   ___

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 13

Nuclei with a higher than desired neutron-to-proton ratios tend to undergo which type of decay?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) All of the above. 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) All of the above.

Question 14

Nuclear power reactors cannot explode like an atom bomb because there is not enough of the fissionable U-235 in a reactor to maintain a chain reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The mass of a nucleus is slightly greater than the sum of the masses of the individual protons and neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

X undergoes radioactive decay to Y with a half-life of five minutes.After 10 minutes, the sample of X has completely decayed to Y.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Besides U-235, another isotope that can undergo nuclear fission is

Accepted Answer

A) U-238. 
B) Pu-239. 
C) Th-230. 
D) Pb-210. 
A) U-238. 
B) Pu-239. 
C) Th-230. 
D) Pb-210.

Question 18

A Geiger counter measures radiation indirectly by measuring

Accepted Answer

A) flashes of light. 
B) speaker static. 
C) electrons released by ionization. 
D) curies. 
A) flashes of light. 
B) speaker static. 
C) electrons released by ionization. 
D) curies.

Question 19

This type of radiation ionizes atoms and molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) All of the above. 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) gamma 
D) All of the above.

Question 20

A measure of radiation that takes into account the possible biological damage produced by different types of radiation is called a

Accepted Answer

A) rem. 
B) rad. 
C) roentgen. 
D) curie. 
A) rem. 
B) rad. 
C) roentgen. 
D) curie.

Exam 13: Nuclear Reactions

The decay rate of a radioactive isotope can be increased by increasing the

The radioactive isotope Z has a half-life of 12 hours.After 2 days, the fraction of the original amount remaining is

The isotope is most likely to emit

This type of radiation is released when decays to .

The basic requirement for a fusion reaction is (are)

A radioactive decay reaction produces a simpler, more stable nucleus.

The threshold model proposes that under a certain level, your body can repair the damage produced by radiation.

Isotope A has a half-life measured in minutes, whereas isotope B has a half-life of millions of years.Which is more radioactive?

Alpha radiation is the least dangerous as alpha particles can be stopped by your skin.

The amount of radiation we are naturally exposed to during a year is nearly

Airline crews receive roughly three times the background radiation of those of us who spend most of our time on the ground.

Which of the following correctly balances this decay reaction? ___

Nuclei with a higher than desired neutron-to-proton ratios tend to undergo which type of decay?

Nuclear power reactors cannot explode like an atom bomb because there is not enough of the fissionable U-235 in a reactor to maintain a chain reaction.

The mass of a nucleus is slightly greater than the sum of the masses of the individual protons and neutrons.

X undergoes radioactive decay to Y with a half-life of five minutes.After 10 minutes, the sample of X has completely decayed to Y.

Besides U-235, another isotope that can undergo nuclear fission is

A Geiger counter measures radiation indirectly by measuring

This type of radiation ionizes atoms and molecules.

A measure of radiation that takes into account the possible biological damage produced by different types of radiation is called a

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