Question 1

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Which molecule is secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) salt 
C) H+ 
D) nutrients 
E) plasma proteins 
A) water 
B) salt 
C) H+ 
D) nutrients 
E) plasma proteins C

Question 3

List the components of the glomerular filtrate and indicate where they can be found.

Accepted Answer

Water,salts,nutrient molecules,and waste molecules move from the glomerulus to the inside of the glomerular capsule.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A) excretion of metabolic wastes 
B) maintenance of water-salt balance 
C) maintenance of acid-base balance 
D) maintenance of blood glucose levels 
E) secretion of hormones 
A) excretion of metabolic wastes 
B) maintenance of water-salt balance 
C) maintenance of acid-base balance 
D) maintenance of blood glucose levels 
E) secretion of hormones

Question 5

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion down the concentration gradient 
B) glomerular blood pressure 
C) active transport 
D) secretion 
E) diffusion against the concentration gradient 
A) diffusion down the concentration gradient 
B) glomerular blood pressure 
C) active transport 
D) secretion 
E) diffusion against the concentration gradient

Question 6

The inner medulla of the kidney is ____________ to the loop of Henle and therefore water leaves the loop at the descending limb and collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

A) isotonic 
B) hypertonic 
C) hypotonic 
D) balanced 
E) none of thesE. 
A) isotonic 
B) hypertonic 
C) hypotonic 
D) balanced 
E) none of thesE.

Question 7

The urethra in females is much longer than in males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

After running a marathon,it is best to drink water to restore what was lost due to heavy sweating.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

ANH is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

Accepted Answer

A) glomerular capsule 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) loop of Henle 
D) collecting duct 
E) ureter 
A) glomerular capsule 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) loop of Henle 
D) collecting duct 
E) ureter

Question 11

Which of the following is not a metabolic waste product?

Accepted Answer

A) urea 
B) erythropoietin 
C) ammonia 
D) creatinine 
E) uric acid 
A) urea 
B) erythropoietin 
C) ammonia 
D) creatinine 
E) uric acid

Question 12

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters,one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Why does glucose appear in the urine of a diabetic?

Accepted Answer

A) The volume of urine is too great to filter. 
B) No glucose is filtered into the glomerular filtrate. 
C) The kidneys produce glucose in diabetes. 
D) The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport. 
E) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle secretes glucose into the urinE. 
A) The volume of urine is too great to filter. 
B) No glucose is filtered into the glomerular filtrate. 
C) The kidneys produce glucose in diabetes. 
D) The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport. 
E) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle secretes glucose into the urinE.

Question 14

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

Accepted Answer

A) burning upon urination 
B) extreme pain 
C) albumin or formed elements in the urine 
D) the absence of urination 
E) edema 
A) burning upon urination 
B) extreme pain 
C) albumin or formed elements in the urine 
D) the absence of urination 
E) edema

Question 15

What effect does ANH have on renin?

Accepted Answer

A) it inhibits its secretion 
B) it inhibits its production 
C) it promotes its secretion 
D) it promotes its production 
E) it produces additional hormones that accelerate the production of renin 
A) it inhibits its secretion 
B) it inhibits its production 
C) it promotes its secretion 
D) it promotes its production 
E) it produces additional hormones that accelerate the production of renin

Question 16

Why do some people not drink beverages with caffeine right before bedtime?

Accepted Answer

A) It increases the flow of urine and causes you to go to the bathroom during the night. 
B) It decreases the flow of urine and can cause kidney stones. 
C) It may affect the ability to sleep but caffeine has very little effect on the urinary system. 
D) It can cause a headache if consumed late at night. 
E) It can lead to diarrhea. 
A) It increases the flow of urine and causes you to go to the bathroom during the night. 
B) It decreases the flow of urine and can cause kidney stones. 
C) It may affect the ability to sleep but caffeine has very little effect on the urinary system. 
D) It can cause a headache if consumed late at night. 
E) It can lead to diarrhea.

Question 17

A nephron is a two-way system with glomerular filtrate traveling back and forth within the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal muscle and mucous membrane 
B) mucous membrane and fibrous connective tissue 
C) mucous membrane,smooth muscle,and fibrous connective tissue 
D) skeletal muscle,fibrous connective tissue,and cartilage 
E) fibrous connective tissue,cartilage,and mucous membrane 
A) skeletal muscle and mucous membrane 
B) mucous membrane and fibrous connective tissue 
C) mucous membrane,smooth muscle,and fibrous connective tissue 
D) skeletal muscle,fibrous connective tissue,and cartilage 
E) fibrous connective tissue,cartilage,and mucous membrane

Question 19

Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) cortex 
C) medulla 
D) pelvis 
E) collecting ducts 
A) hypothalamus 
B) cortex 
C) medulla 
D) pelvis 
E) collecting ducts

Question 20

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Urinary System

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

Which molecule is secreted from the peritubular capillary network into the convoluted tubules?

List the components of the glomerular filtrate and indicate where they can be found.

Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

The inner medulla of the kidney is ____________ to the loop of Henle and therefore water leaves the loop at the descending limb and collecting duct.

The urethra in females is much longer than in males.

After running a marathon,it is best to drink water to restore what was lost due to heavy sweating.

ANH is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary.

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

Which of the following is not a metabolic waste product?

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters,one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

Why does glucose appear in the urine of a diabetic?

What is one of the earliest signs of nephron damage?

What effect does ANH have on renin?

Why do some people not drink beverages with caffeine right before bedtime?

A nephron is a two-way system with glomerular filtrate traveling back and forth within the nephron.

What are the walls of a ureter composed of?

Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms in controlling blood pH.

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