Question 1

For the average U.S.resident,the single largest source of radiation exposure is

Accepted Answer

A)  Medical X rays. 
B)  Operation of nuclear reactors. 
C)  Radioactive fallout from the atmosphere. 
D)  Exposure to radon gas. 
A)  Medical X rays. 
B)  Operation of nuclear reactors. 
C)  Radioactive fallout from the atmosphere. 
D)  Exposure to radon gas.

Question 2

Organic matter can be beneficial by a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Incinerating. 
B)  Fertilizing. 
C)  Composting. 
D)  Harvesting. 
A)  Incinerating. 
B)  Fertilizing. 
C)  Composting. 
D)  Harvesting.

Question 3

A sanitary landfill is so named because wastes are treated each day to decontaminate them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The basic assumption behind the dilute-and-disperse philosophy of liquid-waste disposal is that even potentially harmful substances pose no threat if sufficiently diluted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

On-site disposal of food waste using an in-sink garbage-disposal unit is detrimental for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A)  It reduces the impact on local landfills. 
B)  It requires electricity and water. 
C)  It adversely affects the performance of septic systems. 
D)  It increases the volume of solids that must be treated by municipal wastewater treatment plants. 
A)  It reduces the impact on local landfills. 
B)  It requires electricity and water. 
C)  It adversely affects the performance of septic systems. 
D)  It increases the volume of solids that must be treated by municipal wastewater treatment plants.

Question 6

Steel is in such demand that it is all readily recycled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

From the point of view of radiation hazard,the radioisotopes of greatest concern are

Accepted Answer

A)  Those of very short half-life (minutes to days). 
B)  Those of intermediate half-life (years to centuries). 
C)  Those of very long half-life (millions or billions of years). 
D)  Inert gases because they escape into the atmosphere. 
A)  Those of very short half-life (minutes to days). 
B)  Those of intermediate half-life (years to centuries). 
C)  Those of very long half-life (millions or billions of years). 
D)  Inert gases because they escape into the atmosphere.

Question 8

Chlorination of some drinking water,if carelessly done,can lead to production of small quantities of toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

If a septic system is to be used for sewage disposal,

Accepted Answer

A)  The surrounding soil must be impermeable to contain the wastes. 
B)  High population density is required for efficient operation. 
C)  In normal operation, all potential pollutants will be decomposed. 
D)  The soil should be unsaturated, containing sufficient air (oxygen) to permit aerobic breakdown of wastes. 
A)  The surrounding soil must be impermeable to contain the wastes. 
B)  High population density is required for efficient operation. 
C)  In normal operation, all potential pollutants will be decomposed. 
D)  The soil should be unsaturated, containing sufficient air (oxygen) to permit aerobic breakdown of wastes.

Question 10

The difficulties in recycling where materials are recovered from the municipal refuse requires

Accepted Answer

A)  Source separation. 
B)  Source assessment. 
C)  Source provenance. 
D)  Source assimilation. 
A)  Source separation. 
B)  Source assessment. 
C)  Source provenance. 
D)  Source assimilation.

Question 11

The classification of radioactive wastes as high-level or low-level is very accurate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

After aerobic waste decomposition in a landfill has stopped,

Accepted Answer

A)  No further breakdown of wastes occurs. 
B)  Further leachate is harmless. 
C)  Anaerobic decomposition produces different gases, including methane. 
D)  Methane production also ceases in the absence of oxygen. 
A)  No further breakdown of wastes occurs. 
B)  Further leachate is harmless. 
C)  Anaerobic decomposition produces different gases, including methane. 
D)  Methane production also ceases in the absence of oxygen.

Question 13

In developing countries,most sewage is

Accepted Answer

A)  Discharged, untreated, into surface waters. 
B)  Handled via communal septic tanks. 
C)  Subjected to primary (physical) but not chemical treatment. 
D)  Subjected to both primary and secondary sewage treatment. 
A)  Discharged, untreated, into surface waters. 
B)  Handled via communal septic tanks. 
C)  Subjected to primary (physical) but not chemical treatment. 
D)  Subjected to both primary and secondary sewage treatment.

Question 14

Trash compaction reduces the volume of wastes in a landfill,but also reduces the rate of decomposition of organic matter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Once water has been contaminated with sewage,it is impossible to restore it to drinking-water quality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

One concern with respect to expanding "Superfund" through a tax on disposers of toxic wastes is that such a practice might encourage more illicit waste dumping.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following statements is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some radioisotopes are also chemical toxins. 
B)  Except for those living near nuclear plants or uranium mines we are not normally exposed to radiation. 
C)  Inferences about the effects of low doses of radiation are drawn, in part, by extrapolation from incidents of high dosage. 
D)  A given radioisotope behaves chemically just like non-radioactive isotopes of the same element. 
A)  Some radioisotopes are also chemical toxins. 
B)  Except for those living near nuclear plants or uranium mines we are not normally exposed to radiation. 
C)  Inferences about the effects of low doses of radiation are drawn, in part, by extrapolation from incidents of high dosage. 
D)  A given radioisotope behaves chemically just like non-radioactive isotopes of the same element.

Question 18

Recycled plastic is mixed with sawdust to make a product known as composite lumber.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

For the average U.S.resident,the single largest source of radiation exposure is

Organic matter can be beneficial by a process known as

A sanitary landfill is so named because wastes are treated each day to decontaminate them.

The basic assumption behind the dilute-and-disperse philosophy of liquid-waste disposal is that even potentially harmful substances pose no threat if sufficiently diluted.

On-site disposal of food waste using an in-sink garbage-disposal unit is detrimental for all of the following reasons except

Steel is in such demand that it is all readily recycled.

From the point of view of radiation hazard,the radioisotopes of greatest concern are

Chlorination of some drinking water,if carelessly done,can lead to production of small quantities of toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons.

If a septic system is to be used for sewage disposal,

The difficulties in recycling where materials are recovered from the municipal refuse requires

The classification of radioactive wastes as high-level or low-level is very accurate.

After aerobic waste decomposition in a landfill has stopped,

In developing countries,most sewage is

Trash compaction reduces the volume of wastes in a landfill,but also reduces the rate of decomposition of organic matter.

Once water has been contaminated with sewage,it is impossible to restore it to drinking-water quality.

One concern with respect to expanding "Superfund" through a tax on disposers of toxic wastes is that such a practice might encourage more illicit waste dumping.

Which of the following statements is not true?

Recycled plastic is mixed with sawdust to make a product known as composite lumber.

Planet and Population: An Overview

Rocks and Minerals-A First Look

Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes

Volcanoes

Streams and Flooding

Coastal Zones and Processes

Mass Movements

Ice and Glaciers,wind and Deserts

Climate-Past, present, and Future

Ground Water and Water Resources

Weathering, erosion, and Soil Resources

Mineral and Rock Resources

Energy Resources-Fossil Fuels

Energy Resources-Alternative Sources

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Exam 16: Waste Disposal

For the average U.S.resident,the single largest source of radiation exposure is

Organic matter can be beneficial by a process known as

A sanitary landfill is so named because wastes are treated each day to decontaminate them.

The basic assumption behind the dilute-and-disperse philosophy of liquid-waste disposal is that even potentially harmful substances pose no threat if sufficiently diluted.

On-site disposal of food waste using an in-sink garbage-disposal unit is detrimental for all of the following reasons except

Steel is in such demand that it is all readily recycled.

From the point of view of radiation hazard,the radioisotopes of greatest concern are

Chlorination of some drinking water,if carelessly done,can lead to production of small quantities of toxic chlorinated hydrocarbons.

If a septic system is to be used for sewage disposal,

The difficulties in recycling where materials are recovered from the municipal refuse requires

The classification of radioactive wastes as high-level or low-level is very accurate.

After aerobic waste decomposition in a landfill has stopped,

In developing countries,most sewage is

Trash compaction reduces the volume of wastes in a landfill,but also reduces the rate of decomposition of organic matter.

Once water has been contaminated with sewage,it is impossible to restore it to drinking-water quality.

One concern with respect to expanding "Superfund" through a tax on disposers of toxic wastes is that such a practice might encourage more illicit waste dumping.

Which of the following statements is not true?

Recycled plastic is mixed with sawdust to make a product known as composite lumber.

Planet and Population: An Overview

Rocks and Minerals-A First Look

Plate Tectonics

Earthquakes

Volcanoes

Streams and Flooding

Coastal Zones and Processes

Mass Movements

Ice and Glaciers,wind and Deserts

Climate-Past, present, and Future

Ground Water and Water Resources

Weathering, erosion, and Soil Resources

Mineral and Rock Resources

Energy Resources-Fossil Fuels

Energy Resources-Alternative Sources

Water Pollution

Air Pollution

Environmental Law and Policy

Land-Use Planning and Engineering Geology

Filters