Question 1

Why does glucose appear in the urine of a diabetic?

Accepted Answer

A)  The volume of urine is too great to filter. 
B)  No glucose is filtered into the glomerular filtrate. 
C)  The kidneys produce glucose in diabetes. 
D)  The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport. 
E)  The ascending limb of the loop of Henle secretes glucose into the urine. 
A)  The volume of urine is too great to filter. 
B)  No glucose is filtered into the glomerular filtrate. 
C)  The kidneys produce glucose in diabetes. 
D)  The carriers for glucose reabsorption reach their maximum rate of transport. 
E)  The ascending limb of the loop of Henle secretes glucose into the urine.

Question 2

Which of the following organs of the urinary system is not present in duplicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  bladder 
B)  kidney 
C)  ureter 
A)  bladder 
B)  kidney 
C)  ureter

Question 3

An enlarged prostate gland can lead to kidney stones in males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion down the concentration gradient 
B)  glomerular blood pressure 
C)  active transport 
D)  secretion 
A)  diffusion down the concentration gradient 
B)  glomerular blood pressure 
C)  active transport 
D)  secretion

Question 5

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What is located within the glomerular capsule?

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal cortex 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  several collecting ducts 
D)  a knot of capillaries 
E)  the peritubular capillary network 
A)  the renal cortex 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  several collecting ducts 
D)  a knot of capillaries 
E)  the peritubular capillary network

Question 7

Which molecule is reabsorbed less than 50% during tubular reabsorption?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids 
A)  urea 
B)  water 
C)  sodium 
D)  glucose 
E)  amino acids

Question 8

Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cortex 
C)  medulla 
D)  pelvis 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cortex 
C)  medulla 
D)  pelvis

Question 9

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The urethra in females is much longer than in males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters,one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Substances that are nonfilterable in the glomerulus exit the nephron through the afferent arteriole.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

ANH is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting duct 
E)  ureter 
A)  glomerular capsule 
B)  proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  loop of Henle 
D)  collecting duct 
E)  ureter

Question 15

How are excretion and defecation alike?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are carried out by the urinary system. 
B)  Both eliminate waste from the body. 
C)  Both are carried out by the digestive system. 
D)  Both involve the kidneys. 
E)  Both involve the colon. 
A)  Both are carried out by the urinary system. 
B)  Both eliminate waste from the body. 
C)  Both are carried out by the digestive system. 
D)  Both involve the kidneys. 
E)  Both involve the colon.

Question 16

Why do some people not drink caffeinated beverages right before bedtime?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the flow of urine and causes you to go to the bathroom during the night. 
B)  It decreases the flow of urine and can cause kidney stones. 
C)  It may affect the ability to sleep but caffeine has very little effect on the urinary system. 
A)  It increases the flow of urine and causes you to go to the bathroom during the night. 
B)  It decreases the flow of urine and can cause kidney stones. 
C)  It may affect the ability to sleep but caffeine has very little effect on the urinary system.

Question 17

What effect does cellular respiration have on the pH of the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not affect the pH. 
B)  It raises the pH. 
C)  It lowers the pH. 
A)  It does not affect the pH. 
B)  It raises the pH. 
C)  It lowers the pH.

Question 18

Why is the dialysate continually replaced in hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  to maintain a favorable concentration gradient with the blood 
B)  because it is easily infected 
C)  because it enters the body and is absorbed 
D)  because it is lost by urination 
A)  to maintain a favorable concentration gradient with the blood 
B)  because it is easily infected 
C)  because it enters the body and is absorbed 
D)  because it is lost by urination

Question 19

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms are in controlling blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The kidneys convert vitamin D and thereby assist calcium homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Urinary System and Excretion

Why does glucose appear in the urine of a diabetic?

Which of the following organs of the urinary system is not present in duplicate?

An enlarged prostate gland can lead to kidney stones in males.

Why do water and small molecules move from the glomerulus into the filtrate?

The kidneys help to maintain blood pressure by monitoring the pH of the blood.

What is located within the glomerular capsule?

Which molecule is reabsorbed less than 50% during tubular reabsorption?

Which of the following is not a region of the kidney?

Tubular reabsorption requires both passive and active modes of reabsorption.

The urethra in females is much longer than in males.

The urethra is controlled by two sphincters,one composed of smooth muscle and one composed of skeletal muscle.

Substances that are nonfilterable in the glomerulus exit the nephron through the afferent arteriole.

ANH is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and secreted by the posterior pituitary.

Which of the following is not part of a nephron?

How are excretion and defecation alike?

Why do some people not drink caffeinated beverages right before bedtime?

What effect does cellular respiration have on the pH of the blood?

Why is the dialysate continually replaced in hemodialysis?

The kidneys are much more powerful than the acid-base buffer and the respiratory center mechanisms are in controlling blood pH.

The kidneys convert vitamin D and thereby assist calcium homeostasis.

Exploring Life and Science

Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Organization and Regulation of Body Systems

Cardiovascular System: Heart and Blood Vessels

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System and Nutrition

Respiratory System

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System

Senses

Endocrine System

Reproductive System

Development and Aging

Patterns of Chromosome Inheritance

Cancer

Patterns of Genetic Inheritance

DNA Biology and Technology

Human Evolution

Global Ecology and Human Interferences

Human Population, planetary Resources, and Conservation

Infectious Diseases Supplement

Filters