Question 1

Johannes Kepler built on the work of his mentor,Tycho Brahe,to:

Accepted Answer

A)  discover the undreamed galaxy. 
B)  become the first court astrologer to Christiana of Sweden. 
C)  become the first court astronomer to the Holy Roman Emperor. 
D)  correct two of Copernicus's assumptions concerning planetary motion. 
E)  correct Galileo's first law of motion. 
A)  discover the undreamed galaxy. 
B)  become the first court astrologer to Christiana of Sweden. 
C)  become the first court astronomer to the Holy Roman Emperor. 
D)  correct two of Copernicus's assumptions concerning planetary motion. 
E)  correct Galileo's first law of motion.

Question 2

Galileo argued that one could not be both a sincere Copernican and a Catholic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Descartes introduced a new method for understanding called deductive reasoning,which relied on proceeding logically from one certainty to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A method of reasoning that goes from the specific to the general was developed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  René Descartes. 
B)  Francis Bacon. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  Blaise Pascal. 
E)  Baruch Spinoza. 
A)  René Descartes. 
B)  Francis Bacon. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  Blaise Pascal. 
E)  Baruch Spinoza.

Question 5

The new scientific societies:

Accepted Answer

A)  gave natural philosophers a common sense of purpose. 
B)  provided a system to reach agreement and establish "matters of fact." 
C)  separated scientific research from politics and religion. 
D)  helped restore a sense of order and consensus in society. 
E)  all of these 
A)  gave natural philosophers a common sense of purpose. 
B)  provided a system to reach agreement and establish "matters of fact." 
C)  separated scientific research from politics and religion. 
D)  helped restore a sense of order and consensus in society. 
E)  all of these

Question 6

_________ was the "new scientist" whose work laid the foundation for Sir Isaac Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Johannes Kepler 
B)  Johannes Muller 
C)  Robert Hooke 
D)  Robert Boyle 
E)  Tycho Brahe 
A)  Johannes Kepler 
B)  Johannes Muller 
C)  Robert Hooke 
D)  Robert Boyle 
E)  Tycho Brahe

Question 7

Galileo's work was smuggled out of Italy and published in England.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Why was Copernicus chosen by the Church as an astronomer,and how were his findings understood by the Church?

Accepted Answer

Copernicus was chosen by the Church to i

Question 9

Galileo Galilei was brought to trial by the Inquisition because he:

Accepted Answer

A)  failed to prove Copernican ideas to Cardinal Baronius. 
B)  promoted Copernican ideas and had insulted his old patron, Cardinal Barberini, who was now Pope Urban VIII. 
C)  refused to accept the truth of Christianity; he remained an avowed Muslim. 
D)  made too good an impression on his Medici patrons. 
E)  refused to publish the results of his observations refuting Copernicus. 
A)  failed to prove Copernican ideas to Cardinal Baronius. 
B)  promoted Copernican ideas and had insulted his old patron, Cardinal Barberini, who was now Pope Urban VIII. 
C)  refused to accept the truth of Christianity; he remained an avowed Muslim. 
D)  made too good an impression on his Medici patrons. 
E)  refused to publish the results of his observations refuting Copernicus.

Question 10

Which English natural philosopher discovered the cellular structure of plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  William Harvey 
B)  Isaac Newton 
C)  Edmund Halley 
D)  Robert Hooke 
E)  Robert Boyle 
A)  William Harvey 
B)  Isaac Newton 
C)  Edmund Halley 
D)  Robert Hooke 
E)  Robert Boyle

Question 11

As a leader of the "scientific revolution," Isaac Newton was:

Accepted Answer

A)  an affable, public figure who enjoyed London society. 
B)  a recluse who spent his time in Cambridge. 
C)  a public figure who gave open lectures at Oxford. 
D)  a recluse who spent his time at Oxford. 
E)  a public figure who took an active role in the scientific community of the Continent. 
A)  an affable, public figure who enjoyed London society. 
B)  a recluse who spent his time in Cambridge. 
C)  a public figure who gave open lectures at Oxford. 
D)  a recluse who spent his time at Oxford. 
E)  a public figure who took an active role in the scientific community of the Continent.

Question 12

The dispersal of ancient texts by the humanists of the late Renaissance that served to encourage study and debate was facilitated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  new translations from the Islamic world. 
B)  the discovery in the late sixteenth century of the complete works of Plato. 
C)  the removal of the works of Aristotle from the Index of Forbidden Works. 
D)  the widespread use of the printing press. 
E)  all of these 
A)  new translations from the Islamic world. 
B)  the discovery in the late sixteenth century of the complete works of Plato. 
C)  the removal of the works of Aristotle from the Index of Forbidden Works. 
D)  the widespread use of the printing press. 
E)  all of these

Question 13

The _________ argued that nature was the way in which God revealed himself to humanity.

Accepted Answer

A)  humanists 
B)  Neoplatonists 
C)  Copernicans 
D)  Baconists 
E)  Galileans 
A)  humanists 
B)  Neoplatonists 
C)  Copernicans 
D)  Baconists 
E)  Galileans

Question 14

Although science during this period was primarily the domain of men,many women also made their mark,such as the astronomer Maria Winkelmann and the entomologist:

Accepted Answer

A)  Margaret Cavendish. 
B)  Margaret Tudor. 
C)  Maria Sibylla Merian. 
D)  Maria von Weber. 
E)  Elizabeth Stuart. 
A)  Margaret Cavendish. 
B)  Margaret Tudor. 
C)  Maria Sibylla Merian. 
D)  Maria von Weber. 
E)  Elizabeth Stuart.

Question 15

Was the scientific revolution a revolution?

Accepted Answer

The scientific revolution was primarily

Question 16

Galileo's works were widely translated and widely read and raised awareness of changes in natural philosophy across Europe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Newton realized his work was groundbreaking,but he proved to be an egotistical recluse who did not credit his predecessors' work in laying a foundation for his own,bringing upon himself the censure of his peers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The "Ptolemaic system" was the first system to question whether planets moved in a circular path around a stationary earth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

"Science" entails:

Accepted Answer

A)  a body of knowledge. 
B)  a community of practitioners. 
C)  a system of inquiry. 
D)  institutions to support the practitioners. 
E)  all of these 
A)  a body of knowledge. 
B)  a community of practitioners. 
C)  a system of inquiry. 
D)  institutions to support the practitioners. 
E)  all of these

Question 20

Kepler believed _________ was God's language.

Accepted Answer

A)  science 
B)  astronomy 
C)  mathematics 
D)  music 
E)  poetry 
A)  science 
B)  astronomy 
C)  mathematics 
D)  music 
E)  poetry

Exam 16: The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

Johannes Kepler built on the work of his mentor,Tycho Brahe,to:

Galileo argued that one could not be both a sincere Copernican and a Catholic.

Descartes introduced a new method for understanding called deductive reasoning,which relied on proceeding logically from one certainty to another.

A method of reasoning that goes from the specific to the general was developed by:

The new scientific societies:

_________ was the "new scientist" whose work laid the foundation for Sir Isaac Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Galileo's work was smuggled out of Italy and published in England.

Why was Copernicus chosen by the Church as an astronomer,and how were his findings understood by the Church?

Galileo Galilei was brought to trial by the Inquisition because he:

Which English natural philosopher discovered the cellular structure of plants?

As a leader of the "scientific revolution," Isaac Newton was:

The dispersal of ancient texts by the humanists of the late Renaissance that served to encourage study and debate was facilitated by:

The _________ argued that nature was the way in which God revealed himself to humanity.

Although science during this period was primarily the domain of men,many women also made their mark,such as the astronomer Maria Winkelmann and the entomologist:

Was the scientific revolution a revolution?

Galileo's works were widely translated and widely read and raised awareness of changes in natural philosophy across Europe.

Newton realized his work was groundbreaking,but he proved to be an egotistical recluse who did not credit his predecessors' work in laying a foundation for his own,bringing upon himself the censure of his peers.

The "Ptolemaic system" was the first system to question whether planets moved in a circular path around a stationary earth.

"Science" entails:

Kepler believed _________ was God's language.

Early Civilizations

Peoples,Gods,and Empires: 1700–500 B.C.E

The Civilization of Greece,1000–400 B.C.E

The Greek World Expands,400–150 B.C.E

The Civilization of Ancient Rome

The Transformation of Rome

Rome’s Three Heirs: 500–950

The Expansion of Europe,950–1100

The Consolidation of Europe,1100–1300

Crisis,Unrest,and Opportunity,1300–1500

Commerce,Conquest,and Colonization,1300–1600

Renaissance Ideals and Realities,c.1350–1550

The Age of Dissent and Division,1500–1600

Religion,Warfare,and Sovereignty: 1540–1660

Absolutism and Empire,1660–1789

The Enlightenment

The French Revolution

The Industrial Revolution and Nineteenth-Century Society

From Restoration to Revolution,1815–1848

What Is a Nation? Territories,States,and Citizens,1848–1871

Imperialism and Colonialism,1870–1914

Modern Industry and Mass Politics,1870–1914

The First World War

Turmoil between the Wars

The Second World War

The Cold War World: Global Politics,Economic Recovery,and Cultural Change

Red Flags and Velvet Revolutions: The End of the Cold War,1960–1990

A World without Walls: Globalization and the West

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