Exam 12: Development

Distinguish between cross-sectional and longitudinal research methods.Provide an example of each.Identify at least one advantage and one disadvantage of each type of method.

Outline the perceptual capabilities of very young infants.How might these capabilities inform one's position on the nature vs.nurture debate? Provide as thoughtful a response as you can.

The difference between cross-sectional research methods and longitudinal research methods is that:

_____ are rod-shaped structures that contain all basic hereditary information.

In most elementary school curriculum,mathematical variables first appear in the sixth grade.In the context of Piaget's theory,which of the following best supports this trend?

Max is a graduate student who wants to find a relation between identity formation and the influence of the environment.For this purpose,he interviews a group of 5-year-olds,a group of 10-year-olds,and a group of 15-year-olds,and asks them what they plan to be when they finish school.In this example,Mark is using a _____ research method.

Scientists were able to map the human genome in the year:

Mrs.Bartlett is in her late 70s.She is revisiting the experiences of her life and evaluating the decisions she had made along the way.Mrs.Bartlett is engaged in the process of _____.

Which of the following is most likely to be TRUE of sensitive or critical periods in development?

The one-celled entity formed by the union of an egg and sperm is called a:

Which of the following Swiss scholars had suggested in the 1970s that children around the world proceed through a series of four stages in a fixed order?

Based on Harlow's research with monkeys,identify which of the following would prove to be most effective in comforting a frightened infant or child?

At first,the buzzing sound of your new alarm clock woke you up reliably.Now,you sleep through the sound.This decrease in the response to the sound of the alarm clock due to repeated exposure is referred to as_____ .

Girls typically experience the adolescent growth spurt _____ than do boys.

Dawn is 1 week old.Ellis is 6 years of age.Fritzi is 9 years of age.Girard is 15 years of age.In the context of the stages of development suggested by Piaget,which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

Eliza takes her 1-year-old son,Danny,to visit an infant-toddler program in which she hopes to enroll him.Danny eagerly explores the room as long as Eliza is present.When Eliza leaves the room to fill out some forms,Danny becomes somewhat upset.When she returns,though,he quickly calms down.In the context of the findings of Mary Ainsworth,which of the following terms best describes Danny's attachment style?

From eight weeks after conception,until birth,the developing fertilized egg is called a(n):

The time at which a woman's menstrual cycle slows down and stops is called:

_____is the period at which maturation of the sexual organs occurs,beginning at about age 11 or 12 for girls and 13 or 14 for boys.

According to Piaget's theory,understanding the principle of _____marks the transition from preoperational to concrete operational thought..