Question 1

Our local group is composed of how many galaxies?

Accepted Answer

A) less than 100 
B) less than 400 
C) less than 1000 
D) 1526 
A) less than 100 
B) less than 400 
C) less than 1000 
D) 1526

Question 2

Which is smaller?

Accepted Answer

A) a local group 
B) a local supercluster 
A) a local group 
B) a local supercluster

Question 3

Describe the fate of planet Earth if the Sun were to collapse to a black hole.

Accepted Answer

First of all,the orbit of the Earth woul

Question 4

We say we are looking back in time when we are looking at the stars because

Accepted Answer

A) we see stars as they once were when their light reaches us. 
B) space curves,we are actually looking at the past when we look in the night sky. 
C) stars are emitting immense radiation,we are seeing processes that have already happened. 
D) Earth's atmosphere bends and distorts their light. 
A) we see stars as they once were when their light reaches us. 
B) space curves,we are actually looking at the past when we look in the night sky. 
C) stars are emitting immense radiation,we are seeing processes that have already happened. 
D) Earth's atmosphere bends and distorts their light.

Question 5

Compared to the event horizon,the photon sphere of a black hole is

Accepted Answer

A) nearer the singularity. 
B) farther from the singularity. 
C) at the same location. 
A) nearer the singularity. 
B) farther from the singularity. 
C) at the same location.

Question 6

The temperature of a star is evidenced by its

Accepted Answer

A) brightness. 
B) color. 
C) angular momentum. 
D) distance. 
E) rate of burning. 
A) brightness. 
B) color. 
C) angular momentum. 
D) distance. 
E) rate of burning.

Question 7

The changing shapes of constellations in the night sky is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) the rotation of our planet about its axis. 
B) the revolution of our planet around the Sun. 
C) the movement of our planet within the Milky Way. 
D) the tilt of Earth's axis. 
A) the rotation of our planet about its axis. 
B) the revolution of our planet around the Sun. 
C) the movement of our planet within the Milky Way. 
D) the tilt of Earth's axis.

Question 8

A planetary nebula arises from

Accepted Answer

A) the remains of a solar atmosphere. 
B) planetary accretion. 
C) a black hole. 
D) the gravitational attraction of interstellar dust. 
A) the remains of a solar atmosphere. 
B) planetary accretion. 
C) a black hole. 
D) the gravitational attraction of interstellar dust.

Question 9

Most of the energy during the collapse of the iron core of a supergiant star is released in the form of neutrinos-nearly massless subatomic particles that rarely interact with matter.So how is it they can blow away a stars outer shells?

Accepted Answer

A) Although they rarely interact with matter,the sheer number released during the collapse is enough to move most of the star's mass into surrounding space at incredibly high rates of speed. 
B) By creating a massive magnetic field that convulses in on itself,ripping away the stars outer shells 
C) When neutrinos exceed a certain speed,22,300 km/s,they interact with matter quite effectively. 
D) By developing a temporary,but relatively strong positive charge 
A) Although they rarely interact with matter,the sheer number released during the collapse is enough to move most of the star's mass into surrounding space at incredibly high rates of speed. 
B) By creating a massive magnetic field that convulses in on itself,ripping away the stars outer shells 
C) When neutrinos exceed a certain speed,22,300 km/s,they interact with matter quite effectively. 
D) By developing a temporary,but relatively strong positive charge

Question 10

Luminosity is

Accepted Answer

A) the total amount of light energy that star emits into space. 
B) the stars apparent brightness. 
C) the stars particular color spectrum output. 
D) the stars total infrared output. 
A) the total amount of light energy that star emits into space. 
B) the stars apparent brightness. 
C) the stars particular color spectrum output. 
D) the stars total infrared output.

Question 11

Our local group consists of

Accepted Answer

A) 1 major galaxy. 
B) 2 major galaxies. 
C) 3 major galaxies. 
D) about a dozen major galaxies. 
A) 1 major galaxy. 
B) 2 major galaxies. 
C) 3 major galaxies. 
D) about a dozen major galaxies.

Question 12

Helium fusion within a star begins

Accepted Answer

A) after all the hydrogen within the star has been depleted. 
B) when all carbon has been depleted. 
C) because of the force of gravity. 
D) with the expulsion of practically all hydrogen. 
A) after all the hydrogen within the star has been depleted. 
B) when all carbon has been depleted. 
C) because of the force of gravity. 
D) with the expulsion of practically all hydrogen.

Question 13

What is the upper limit of stars the unaided eye can discern on a moonless night in a rural area?

Accepted Answer

A) about 3000 
B) about 30,000 
C) about 300,000 
D) about 3,000,000 
A) about 3000 
B) about 30,000 
C) about 300,000 
D) about 3,000,000

Question 14

When a star collapses to become a black hole,its mass

Accepted Answer

A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) remains unchanged. 
A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) remains unchanged.

Question 15

Because a white dwarf is no longer burning fuel,it is more accurately described as being a

Accepted Answer

A) stellar remnant. 
B) failed star. 
C) protostar. 
D) black elf. 
A) stellar remnant. 
B) failed star. 
C) protostar. 
D) black elf.

Question 16

What is generally the range of a star's hydrogen burning lifetime?

Accepted Answer

A) from a few million to 50 billion years 
B) from a few hundred thousand to 20 billion years 
C) from 20 billion to 100 billion years 
D) from 2 billion to 15 billion years 
A) from a few million to 50 billion years 
B) from a few hundred thousand to 20 billion years 
C) from 20 billion to 100 billion years 
D) from 2 billion to 15 billion years

Question 17

What happens to a star when the fusion cycle gets to the element iron?

Accepted Answer

When elements near iron,or iron itself i

Question 18

As a star undergoes collapse,its rate of rotation

Accepted Answer

A) decreases. 
B) increases. 
C) remains constant. 
A) decreases. 
B) increases. 
C) remains constant.

Question 19

What are the relative compositions of the materials from which stars form?

Accepted Answer

A) about 74% hydrogen,about 24% helium,no more than 2% other materials 
B) about 24% hydrogen,about 74% helium,no more than 2% other materials 
C) about 2% hydrogen,about 74% helium,no more than 24% other materials 
D) Stars have vastly differing combinations of materials. 
A) about 74% hydrogen,about 24% helium,no more than 2% other materials 
B) about 24% hydrogen,about 74% helium,no more than 2% other materials 
C) about 2% hydrogen,about 74% helium,no more than 24% other materials 
D) Stars have vastly differing combinations of materials.

Question 20

Why are elements heavier than iron less abundant than those that are lighter?

Accepted Answer

A) because the duration of a supernova is relatively short 
B) because they tend to be unstable,and easily undergo fission 
C) Spectral evidence suggests they are only rare here on Earth. 
D) This is one of the mysteries of cosmic formation that has yet to be answered. 
A) because the duration of a supernova is relatively short 
B) because they tend to be unstable,and easily undergo fission 
C) Spectral evidence suggests they are only rare here on Earth. 
D) This is one of the mysteries of cosmic formation that has yet to be answered.

Exam 27: Stars and Galaxies

Our local group is composed of how many galaxies?

Which is smaller?

Describe the fate of planet Earth if the Sun were to collapse to a black hole.

We say we are looking back in time when we are looking at the stars because

Compared to the event horizon,the photon sphere of a black hole is

The temperature of a star is evidenced by its

The changing shapes of constellations in the night sky is caused by

A planetary nebula arises from

Most of the energy during the collapse of the iron core of a supergiant star is released in the form of neutrinos-nearly massless subatomic particles that rarely interact with matter.So how is it they can blow away a stars outer shells?

Luminosity is

Our local group consists of

Helium fusion within a star begins

What is the upper limit of stars the unaided eye can discern on a moonless night in a rural area?

When a star collapses to become a black hole,its mass

Because a white dwarf is no longer burning fuel,it is more accurately described as being a

What is generally the range of a star's hydrogen burning lifetime?

What happens to a star when the fusion cycle gets to the element iron?

As a star undergoes collapse,its rate of rotation

What are the relative compositions of the materials from which stars form?

Why are elements heavier than iron less abundant than those that are lighter?

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Time - Reading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: The Nature of Science

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