Question 1

What evidence did Wegener use to support his hypothesis of continental drift?

Accepted Answer

A) sea-floor spreading 
B) paleoclimatic data 
C) polar reversals 
D) transform fault boundaries 
A) sea-floor spreading 
B) paleoclimatic data 
C) polar reversals 
D) transform fault boundaries

Question 2

In a reconstruction of Earth's geologic past,the continents of Africa and South America fit best along the

Accepted Answer

A) shorelines. 
B) continental shelves. 
C) continental slopes. 
D) ocean floors. 
A) shorelines. 
B) continental shelves. 
C) continental slopes. 
D) ocean floors.

Question 3

The asthenosphere is part of the

Accepted Answer

A) crust. 
B) lithosphere. 
C) mantle. 
D) outer core. 
A) crust. 
B) lithosphere. 
C) mantle. 
D) outer core.

Question 4

A fault in which the footwall has moved down relative to the hanging wall is called a

Accepted Answer

A) normal fault. 
B) reverse fault. 
C) transform fault. 
D) horizontal fault. 
A) normal fault. 
B) reverse fault. 
C) transform fault. 
D) horizontal fault.

Question 5

Two boundaries associated with seafloor spreading centers are

Accepted Answer

A) convergent boundaries and transform fault boundaries. 
B) divergent boundaries and transform fault boundaries. 
C) oceanic-oceanic boundaries and divergent boundaries. 
D) divergent boundaries and convergent boundaries. 
A) convergent boundaries and transform fault boundaries. 
B) divergent boundaries and transform fault boundaries. 
C) oceanic-oceanic boundaries and divergent boundaries. 
D) divergent boundaries and convergent boundaries.

Question 6

The crustal surface and the uppermost part of the mantle is called the

Accepted Answer

A) asthenosphere. 
B) lithosphere. 
C) mohorovicic. 
D) centrosphere. 
A) asthenosphere. 
B) lithosphere. 
C) mohorovicic. 
D) centrosphere.

Question 7

The San Andreas fault in California is a

Accepted Answer

A) thrust fault. 
B) strike slip fault. 
C) normal fault. 
D) reverse fault. 
A) thrust fault. 
B) strike slip fault. 
C) normal fault. 
D) reverse fault.

Question 8

Why was it so important to survey the ocean floors?

Accepted Answer

A) People had a general curiosity of our planet. 
B) To get a better understanding of polar wandering. 
C) To know the topography and possible hiding places for submarines. 
D) To find pirate treasure. 
A) People had a general curiosity of our planet. 
B) To get a better understanding of polar wandering. 
C) To know the topography and possible hiding places for submarines. 
D) To find pirate treasure.

Question 9

Why is it that the most ancient rocks are found on the continents,and not on the ocean floor?

Accepted Answer

The ocean floors are sites of crustal fo

Question 10

When the magnetic field of Earth is reversed,

Accepted Answer

A) Earth flips over in its orbit. 
B) Earth's rotation is also reversed. 
C) newly formed mineral grains on the ocean floor are magnetized according to the new orientation of the magnetic field. 
A) Earth flips over in its orbit. 
B) Earth's rotation is also reversed. 
C) newly formed mineral grains on the ocean floor are magnetized according to the new orientation of the magnetic field.

Question 11

An Earthquake occurs as

Accepted Answer

A) seismic waves travel to Earth's surface. 
B) energy released from Earth's interior travels to Earth's surface. 
C) energy released at Earth's surface travels to Earth's interior. 
D) seismic waves travel to Earth's interior. 
E) energy released from Earth's interior travels in the form of seismic waves to Earth's surface. 
A) seismic waves travel to Earth's surface. 
B) energy released from Earth's interior travels to Earth's surface. 
C) energy released at Earth's surface travels to Earth's interior. 
D) seismic waves travel to Earth's interior. 
E) energy released from Earth's interior travels in the form of seismic waves to Earth's surface.

Question 12

The Earth's lithosphere

Accepted Answer

A) is the same as the crust. 
B) consists of the crust and the asthenosphere. 
C) is the same as the mantle. 
D) consists of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle. 
A) is the same as the crust. 
B) consists of the crust and the asthenosphere. 
C) is the same as the mantle. 
D) consists of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.

Question 13

Distinguish between anticlines and synclines.

Accepted Answer

Anticlines are upward arched structures;

Question 14

The lithosphere floats atop the

Accepted Answer

A) mantle. 
B) crust. 
C) asthenosphere. 
D) mohorovicic. 
A) mantle. 
B) crust. 
C) asthenosphere. 
D) mohorovicic.

Question 15

The main idea of seafloor spreading is that

Accepted Answer

A) lithosphere floats on the asthenosphere. 
B) new crust forms at a spreading center and old crust is recycled at a subduction zone. 
C) new crust is magnetized according to the existing magnetic field. 
D) the seafloor never stops growing. 
A) lithosphere floats on the asthenosphere. 
B) new crust forms at a spreading center and old crust is recycled at a subduction zone. 
C) new crust is magnetized according to the existing magnetic field. 
D) the seafloor never stops growing.

Question 16

When stress exceeds a rock's elastic limit,the rock

Accepted Answer

A) permanently loses its original form. 
B) can either break or flow. 
C) becomes plastic. 
D) can lose its original form and either break or flow. 
A) permanently loses its original form. 
B) can either break or flow. 
C) becomes plastic. 
D) can lose its original form and either break or flow.

Question 17

Movement of the lithosphere

Accepted Answer

A) has a plastic-like flow. 
B) causes earthquakes and volcanic activity. 
C) has a leisurely pace and allows the formation of gentle rolling hills. 
D) is intermittent. 
A) has a plastic-like flow. 
B) causes earthquakes and volcanic activity. 
C) has a leisurely pace and allows the formation of gentle rolling hills. 
D) is intermittent.

Question 18

The primary evidence that the outer core is molten is an abrupt

Accepted Answer

A) increase in the velocity of P-waves,but no increase in S-waves. 
B) increase in the velocity of L-waves. 
C) stop of S-wave propagation,and a decrease in P-wave velocity. 
D) stop of P-wave propagation,and a decrease in S-wave velocity. 
A) increase in the velocity of P-waves,but no increase in S-waves. 
B) increase in the velocity of L-waves. 
C) stop of S-wave propagation,and a decrease in P-wave velocity. 
D) stop of P-wave propagation,and a decrease in S-wave velocity.

Question 19

Why are most earthquakes generated near plate boundaries?

Accepted Answer

Stress builds up in lithospheric plates

Question 20

Oceans are about four times as deep as mountains are high.At the bottom of the ocean are

Accepted Answer

A) towering mountains,deep valleys,and deep trenches near the continental borders. 
B) thick layers of basaltic crust at mid-ocean ridges that gradually thin near deep ocean trenches. 
C) towering plutonic mountains created from volcanoes and fissures at oceanic ridge areas. 
D) all of these 
A) towering mountains,deep valleys,and deep trenches near the continental borders. 
B) thick layers of basaltic crust at mid-ocean ridges that gradually thin near deep ocean trenches. 
C) towering plutonic mountains created from volcanoes and fissures at oceanic ridge areas. 
D) all of these

Exam 21: Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

What evidence did Wegener use to support his hypothesis of continental drift?

In a reconstruction of Earth's geologic past,the continents of Africa and South America fit best along the

The asthenosphere is part of the

A fault in which the footwall has moved down relative to the hanging wall is called a

Two boundaries associated with seafloor spreading centers are

The crustal surface and the uppermost part of the mantle is called the

The San Andreas fault in California is a

Why was it so important to survey the ocean floors?

Why is it that the most ancient rocks are found on the continents,and not on the ocean floor?

When the magnetic field of Earth is reversed,

An Earthquake occurs as

The Earth's lithosphere

Distinguish between anticlines and synclines.

The lithosphere floats atop the

The main idea of seafloor spreading is that

When stress exceeds a rock's elastic limit,the rock

Movement of the lithosphere

The primary evidence that the outer core is molten is an abrupt

Why are most earthquakes generated near plate boundaries?

Oceans are about four times as deep as mountains are high.At the bottom of the ocean are

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

Atoms and the Periodic Table

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Time - Reading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: The Nature of Science

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