Question 1

If you remove two protons and two neutrons from a gold atom (Au),what new element is formed?

Accepted Answer

A) Ir 
B) Au 
C) Re 
D) Au-2 
E) Tl 
A) Ir 
B) Au 
C) Re 
D) Au-2 
E) Tl

Question 2

Which of these does not describe a metal at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) gas 
B) solid 
C) liquid 
D) shiny 
E) bendable 
A) gas 
B) solid 
C) liquid 
D) shiny 
E) bendable

Question 3

According to the shell model,which electrons play the most significant role in determining the properties of an atom?

Accepted Answer

A) those in the innermost shell 
B) those in the shells between the innermost and outermost shells 
C) those in the outermost shell 
D) Electrons in every shell are just about equally important. 
A) those in the innermost shell 
B) those in the shells between the innermost and outermost shells 
C) those in the outermost shell 
D) Electrons in every shell are just about equally important.

Question 4

How do we account for the great variety of substances in the world?

Accepted Answer

A) The Earth is 4.5 billion years old. 
B) Most of these substances are organic compounds. 
C) Atoms are incredibly small. 
D) There are many possible combinations of atoms. 
A) The Earth is 4.5 billion years old. 
B) Most of these substances are organic compounds. 
C) Atoms are incredibly small. 
D) There are many possible combinations of atoms.

Question 5

A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue.The beam of neutrons,however,is less harmful.Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage. 
B) Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel. 
C) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the tissue. 
D) All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful. 
A) Neutrons are much smaller and lighter than protons and would do less damage. 
B) Neutrons travel at reduced speed compared to the speed at which protons travel. 
C) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the tissue. 
D) All of the above are reasons why neutrons are less harmful.

Question 6

A cat strolls across your backyard.An hour later,a dog with its nose to the ground follows the trail of the cat.Explain what is going on from a molecular point of view.

Accepted Answer

A) The dog is following the areas of increased density of the Earth. 
B) The dog is smelling atoms from the cat. 
C) The dog is smelling molecules from the cat. 
D) The cat is leading the dog into a trap. 
A) The dog is following the areas of increased density of the Earth. 
B) The dog is smelling atoms from the cat. 
C) The dog is smelling molecules from the cat. 
D) The cat is leading the dog into a trap.

Question 7

According to the shell model,how many shells are required to describe the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) seven 
C) eight 
D) eighteen 
A) one 
B) seven 
C) eight 
D) eighteen

Question 8

The oldest known elements in the periodic table are the ones with

Accepted Answer

A) the lowest atomic numbers. 
B) the highest atomic numbers. 
C) odd looking atomic symbols. 
D) atomic symbols that match their modern names. 
A) the lowest atomic numbers. 
B) the highest atomic numbers. 
C) odd looking atomic symbols. 
D) atomic symbols that match their modern names.

Question 9

When we breathe we inhale oxygen, O2 ,and exhale carbon dioxide, CO2 ,plus water vapor, H2O.Which likely has more mass,the air that we inhale or the same volume of air we exhale? Does breathing cause you to lose or gain weight?

Accepted Answer

A) The air we inhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to lose weight. 
B) The air we exhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to lose weight. 
C) The air we inhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to gain weight. 
D) The air we exhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to gain weight. 
A) The air we inhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to lose weight. 
B) The air we exhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to lose weight. 
C) The air we inhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to gain weight. 
D) The air we exhale has more mass; Breathing causes you to gain weight.

Question 10

If an element has 10 protons and 11 neutrons and 10 electrons,which expression correctly identifies the element?

Accepted Answer

A) neon-21 
B) neon-11 
C) neon-31 
D) sodium-11 
E) sodium-20 
A) neon-21 
B) neon-11 
C) neon-31 
D) sodium-11 
E) sodium-20

Question 11

Oxygen,O,(number 8),sulfur,S,(number 16),and selenium,Se,(number 34)have such similar chemical properties because

Accepted Answer

A) their outermost shells contain the same number of electrons. 
B) because they are all located close to one another in the periodic table. 
C) they all have the same number of occupied shells. 
D) These elements can't have similar chemical properties because they are in different periods of the periodic table. 
A) their outermost shells contain the same number of electrons. 
B) because they are all located close to one another in the periodic table. 
C) they all have the same number of occupied shells. 
D) These elements can't have similar chemical properties because they are in different periods of the periodic table.

Question 12

What does the following element description actually mean? $\begin{array} { c } 
18 \
6
\end{array}$ O

Accepted Answer

A) an oxygen atom with 6 protons and 12 neutrons 
B) an oxygen atom with 6 neutrons and 12 protons 
C) 6 oxygen atoms with 18 neutrons 
D) 18 oxygen molecules with 6 neutrons each 
E) none of the above 
A) an oxygen atom with 6 protons and 12 neutrons 
B) an oxygen atom with 6 neutrons and 12 protons 
C) 6 oxygen atoms with 18 neutrons 
D) 18 oxygen molecules with 6 neutrons each 
E) none of the above

Question 13

Which of the following describes a nonmetal?

Accepted Answer

A) poor conductor of electricity 
B) shiny 
C) malleable 
D) ductile 
E) good conductor of heat 
A) poor conductor of electricity 
B) shiny 
C) malleable 
D) ductile 
E) good conductor of heat

Question 14

Which element has the atomic number 12?

Accepted Answer

A) Mg 
B) C 
C) B 
D) Na 
E) Be 
A) Mg 
B) C 
C) B 
D) Na 
E) Be

Question 15

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Electrons have a negative charge. 
B) Electrons are particles. 
C) Electrons behave like waves. 
D) Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E) all of the above 
A) Electrons have a negative charge. 
B) Electrons are particles. 
C) Electrons behave like waves. 
D) Electrons in atoms can be excited by light energy. 
E) all of the above

Question 16

If an element has 18 protons and 20 neutrons and 18 electrons,which expression correctly identifies the element?

Accepted Answer

A) argon-38 
B) argon-18 
C) argon-20 
D) calcium-38 
E) calcium-20 
A) argon-38 
B) argon-18 
C) argon-20 
D) calcium-38 
E) calcium-20

Question 17

Which chemical family is composed almost entirely of man-made elements?

Accepted Answer

A) the actinides 
B) the lanthanides 
C) the halogens 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) the actinides 
B) the lanthanides 
C) the halogens 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 18

If an atom were the size of a baseball,its nucleus would be about the size of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) walnut. 
B) raisin. 
C) flea. 
D) atom. 
A) walnut. 
B) raisin. 
C) flea. 
D) atom.

Question 19

Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition,red or blue?

Accepted Answer

A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
B) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
C) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
D) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
B) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. 
C) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a lower energy level transition. 
D) Red is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition.

Question 20

Helium,He,is a nonmetallic gas and the second element in the periodic table.Rather than being placed adjacent to hydrogen,H,however,helium is placed on the far right of the table because

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen and helium repel one another. 
B) the sizes of their atoms are vastly different. 
C) they come from different sources. 
D) helium is most similar to other group 18 elements. 
A) hydrogen and helium repel one another. 
B) the sizes of their atoms are vastly different. 
C) they come from different sources. 
D) helium is most similar to other group 18 elements.

Exam 12: Atoms and the Periodic Table

If you remove two protons and two neutrons from a gold atom (Au),what new element is formed?

Which of these does not describe a metal at room temperature?

According to the shell model,which electrons play the most significant role in determining the properties of an atom?

How do we account for the great variety of substances in the world?

A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue.The beam of neutrons,however,is less harmful.Why?

A cat strolls across your backyard.An hour later,a dog with its nose to the ground follows the trail of the cat.Explain what is going on from a molecular point of view.

According to the shell model,how many shells are required to describe the periodic table?

The oldest known elements in the periodic table are the ones with

When we breathe we inhale oxygen, O2 ,and exhale carbon dioxide, CO2 ,plus water vapor, H2O.Which likely has more mass,the air that we inhale or the same volume of air we exhale? Does breathing cause you to lose or gain weight?

If an element has 10 protons and 11 neutrons and 10 electrons,which expression correctly identifies the element?

Oxygen,O,(number 8),sulfur,S,(number 16),and selenium,Se,(number 34)have such similar chemical properties because

What does the following element description actually mean? 18 6 O

Which of the following describes a nonmetal?

Which element has the atomic number 12?

Which of the following statements about electrons is true?

If an element has 18 protons and 20 neutrons and 18 electrons,which expression correctly identifies the element?

Which chemical family is composed almost entirely of man-made elements?

If an atom were the size of a baseball,its nucleus would be about the size of a(n)

Which color of light comes from the higher energy transition,red or blue?

Helium,He,is a nonmetallic gas and the second element in the periodic table.Rather than being placed adjacent to hydrogen,H,however,helium is placed on the far right of the table because

Patterns of Motion and Equilibrium

Newtons Laws of Motion

Momentum and Energy

Gravity, Projectiles, and Satellites

Fluid Mechanics

Thermal Energy and Thermodynamics

Heat Transfer and Change of Phase

Static and Current Electricity

Magnetism and Electromagnetic Induction

Waves and Sound

Light

The Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Elements of Chemistry

How Atoms Bond and Molecules Attract

Mixtures

How Chemicals React

Two Classes of Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

Rocks and Minerals

Plate Tectonics and Earths Interior

Shaping Earths Surface

Geologic Time - Reading the Rock Record

The Oceans, Atmosphere, and Climatic Effects

Driving Forces of Weather

The Solar System

Stars and Galaxies

The Structure of Space and Time

Prologue: The Nature of Science

Filters

When we breathe we inhale oxygen, O₂ ,and exhale carbon dioxide, CO₂ ,plus water vapor, H₂O.Which likely has more mass,the air that we inhale or the same volume of air we exhale? Does breathing cause you to lose or gain weight?