Question 1

A point mutation changes a codon from UCG to UAG.What will happen to the resulting polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

UAG is a stop codon,

Question 2

What is conservative transposition?

Accepted Answer

A) No net increase in the number of transposable elements in the genome. 
B) A net increase in the number of transposable elements in the genome. 
C) Movement of transposable elements with replication of the element. 
D) Movement of transposable elements without replication of the element. 
E) Transposition without disruption of normal gene product activity. 
A) No net increase in the number of transposable elements in the genome. 
B) A net increase in the number of transposable elements in the genome. 
C) Movement of transposable elements with replication of the element. 
D) Movement of transposable elements without replication of the element. 
E) Transposition without disruption of normal gene product activity.

Question 3

Describe how the Ames test is used to determine whether a particular chemical is mutagenic.

Accepted Answer

Strains of the bacteria Salmonella typhi

Question 4

Match between columns
                        Premises: Missense mutation
Neutral mutation
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation
Nonsense mutation

Accepted Answer

The Answer of A mutation that changes a codon from is...

Question 5

How was the adaptive method for acquiring mutations disproved?

Accepted Answer

Luria and Delbruck argued that if mutati

Question 6

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a human genetic disease caused by

Accepted Answer

A) elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. 
B) failure to produce pigment that protects the skin cells from UV light exposure. 
C) defective DNA excision-repair mechanisms. 
D) mutations that inactivate tumor suppressor genes. 
E) loss of genes controlling the SOS response. 
A) elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. 
B) failure to produce pigment that protects the skin cells from UV light exposure. 
C) defective DNA excision-repair mechanisms. 
D) mutations that inactivate tumor suppressor genes. 
E) loss of genes controlling the SOS response.

Question 7

Base analogs may cause mutations because

Accepted Answer

A) they modify the chemical structure and properties of the normal base. 
B) they insert themselves between adjacent bases on the DNA strand and cause an extra base to be inserted during replication. 
C) they remove amino groups from bases,causing them to pair with the wrong base during replication. 
D) they may exist in alternate chemical states that pair with different DNA bases than the normal state during replication. 
E) Both A and C 
A) they modify the chemical structure and properties of the normal base. 
B) they insert themselves between adjacent bases on the DNA strand and cause an extra base to be inserted during replication. 
C) they remove amino groups from bases,causing them to pair with the wrong base during replication. 
D) they may exist in alternate chemical states that pair with different DNA bases than the normal state during replication. 
E) Both A and C

Question 8

In Drosophila,the wild-type eye color is red.A mutation,vermilion,causes vermilion-colored eyes,unless there is a mutation in another gene,suv,which,when homozygous or hemizygous,results in eyes that are the wild-type red even in the presence of the vermilion mutation.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) forward mutation. 
B) reverse mutation. 
C) intragenic suppression. 
D) intergenic suppression. 
E) back mutation. 
A) forward mutation. 
B) reverse mutation. 
C) intragenic suppression. 
D) intergenic suppression. 
E) back mutation.

Question 9

Barbara McClintock discovered that a controlling element was responsible for the mutant-spotted phenotype (purple spots on white)in corn kernels.Explain how this works.

Accepted Answer

A normal C gene produces purple pigment

Question 10

Explain how IS elements produce target-site duplications when they move.

Accepted Answer

The enzyme transposase makes a staggered

Question 11

Composite transposons contain a central region with genes and repeated sequences at their ends but do not terminate with IS elements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

How can PCR be used to induce site-specific mutations in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Two nested pairs of primers are used,the

Question 13

An IS (insertion sequence)element contains

Accepted Answer

A) a transposase gene only. 
B) a transposase gene and additional genes. 
C) a transposase gene and inverted repeats at the ends. 
D) a transposase gene,additional genes,and inverted repeats at the ends. 
E) genes but not a transposase gene. 
A) a transposase gene only. 
B) a transposase gene and additional genes. 
C) a transposase gene and inverted repeats at the ends. 
D) a transposase gene,additional genes,and inverted repeats at the ends. 
E) genes but not a transposase gene.

Question 14

A tumor suppressor gene is cloned and mutagenized in vitro,then injected into mouse embryos to create knockout mice.How could you identify the heterozygous knockout mice and create mice susceptible to tumors?

Accepted Answer

Reared heterozygous mice can be screened

Question 15

For a particular gene,if one gene in a million experiences a mutation each generation,what is its mutation frequency?

Accepted Answer

The answer of For a particular gene,if one gene in...

Question 16

A mutation during DNA replication causes a G to be inserted after the first base of the codon for tryptophan.How will this affect the growing polypeptide chain?

Accepted Answer

A) It will not be affected. 
B) Elongation will stop prematurely. 
C) There will be a single amino acid substitution. 
D) The reading frame will be shifted to the left,and the wrong amino acids will be added from this point on. 
E) An extra amino acid will be added,but the reading frame will not be affected. 
A) It will not be affected. 
B) Elongation will stop prematurely. 
C) There will be a single amino acid substitution. 
D) The reading frame will be shifted to the left,and the wrong amino acids will be added from this point on. 
E) An extra amino acid will be added,but the reading frame will not be affected.

Question 17

Which of the following nucleotide changes leads to a transition mutation?

Accepted Answer

A) Adenine to guanine 
B) Adenine to cytosine 
C) Guanine to cytosine 
D) Thymine to guanine 
E) Guanine to thymine 
A) Adenine to guanine 
B) Adenine to cytosine 
C) Guanine to cytosine 
D) Thymine to guanine 
E) Guanine to thymine

Question 18

What is a retrotransposon,and how does it differ from typical transposons?

Accepted Answer

Most transposons move by a DNA-to-DNA me

Question 19

Somatic mutations may be inherited by the next generation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

LINEs and SINEs are repetitive sequences in humans that can also,as retrotransposons,insert into genes and cause disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Dna Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposable Elements

A point mutation changes a codon from UCG to UAG.What will happen to the resulting polypeptide?

What is conservative transposition?

Describe how the Ames test is used to determine whether a particular chemical is mutagenic.

How was the adaptive method for acquiring mutations disproved?

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a human genetic disease caused by

Base analogs may cause mutations because

In Drosophila,the wild-type eye color is red.A mutation,vermilion,causes vermilion-colored eyes,unless there is a mutation in another gene,suv,which,when homozygous or hemizygous,results in eyes that are the wild-type red even in the presence of the vermilion mutation.This is an example of

Barbara McClintock discovered that a controlling element was responsible for the mutant-spotted phenotype (purple spots on white)in corn kernels.Explain how this works.

Explain how IS elements produce target-site duplications when they move.

Composite transposons contain a central region with genes and repeated sequences at their ends but do not terminate with IS elements.

How can PCR be used to induce site-specific mutations in DNA?

An IS (insertion sequence)element contains

A tumor suppressor gene is cloned and mutagenized in vitro,then injected into mouse embryos to create knockout mice.How could you identify the heterozygous knockout mice and create mice susceptible to tumors?

For a particular gene,if one gene in a million experiences a mutation each generation,what is its mutation frequency?

A mutation during DNA replication causes a G to be inserted after the first base of the codon for tryptophan.How will this affect the growing polypeptide chain?

Which of the following nucleotide changes leads to a transition mutation?

What is a retrotransposon,and how does it differ from typical transposons?

Somatic mutations may be inherited by the next generation.

LINEs and SINEs are repetitive sequences in humans that can also,as retrotransposons,insert into genes and cause disease.

Genetics: An Introduction

DNA: The Genetic Material

DNA Replication

Gene Function

Gene Expression: Transcription

Gene Expression: Translation

Genomics: The Mapping and Sequencing of Genomes

Functional and Comparative Genomics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Mendelian Genetics

Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Extensions of and Deviations From Mendelian Genetic Principles

Genetic Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetics of Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variations in Chromosome Structure and Number

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis of Development

Genetics of Cancer

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Molecular Evolution

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