Question 1

Staged manipulations often involve the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  children as participants. 
B)  confederates. 
C)  learning material. 
D)  boredom. 
A)  children as participants. 
B)  confederates. 
C)  learning material. 
D)  boredom.

Question 2

Which type of manipulations of variables are operationally defined using instructions and stimulus presentations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staged 
B)  Straightforward 
C)  Stimulus 
D)  Physical 
A)  Staged 
B)  Straightforward 
C)  Stimulus 
D)  Physical

Question 3

Adam measures the length of time two people spend gazing into one another's eyes as an indication of interpersonal attraction.Adam is using which type of measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archival 
B)  Self-report 
C)  Physical 
D)  Behavioural 
A)  Archival 
B)  Self-report 
C)  Physical 
D)  Behavioural

Question 4

A ceiling effect occurs when a measure results in too many

Accepted Answer

A)  maximum scores. 
B)  minimum scores. 
C)  scores. 
D)  median scores. 
A)  maximum scores. 
B)  minimum scores. 
C)  scores. 
D)  median scores.

Question 5

While Leo is performing a cognitive task,a researcher uses a physiological measure that scans various areas of his brain.The researcher is most likely using a

Accepted Answer

A)  electrocardiogram. 
B)  galvanic skin response. 
C)  functional MRI. 
D)  cognitive task inventory. 
A)  electrocardiogram. 
B)  galvanic skin response. 
C)  functional MRI. 
D)  cognitive task inventory.

Question 6

A manipulation in which participants are run individually versus as a group is an important consideration regarding the _____ the manipulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethicality of 
B)  strength of 
C)  generality of 
D)  time to complete 
A)  ethicality of 
B)  strength of 
C)  generality of 
D)  time to complete

Question 7

Presenting participants with different versions of a videotaped confession in order to study person perception is an example of a(n)_____ manipulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  externally valid 
B)  learning 
C)  staged 
D)  straightforward 
A)  externally valid 
B)  learning 
C)  staged 
D)  straightforward

Question 8

Which physiological measure is frequently used to measure muscle tension?

Accepted Answer

A)  GSR (galvanic skin response) 
B)  EMG (electromyogram) 
C)  EEG (electroencephalogram) 
D)  fMRI (functional MRI) 
A)  GSR (galvanic skin response) 
B)  EMG (electromyogram) 
C)  EEG (electroencephalogram) 
D)  fMRI (functional MRI)

Question 9

A researcher is interested in examining the effect of caffeine on driving performance.In order to rule out a change in behaviour brought about because of participants' expectations about the effect of caffeine,the researcher should include

Accepted Answer

A)  a demand characteristic. 
B)  a balanced placebo design. 
C)  a manipulation check. 
D)  experimenter bias. 
A)  a demand characteristic. 
B)  a balanced placebo design. 
C)  a manipulation check. 
D)  experimenter bias.

Question 10

While in a shopping mall,a marketing researcher stops and asks you which you prefer: cola in a bottle or cola in a can.Your response would be an example of a _____ measure.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioural 
B)  psychological 
C)  multiple 
D)  self-report 
A)  behavioural 
B)  psychological 
C)  multiple 
D)  self-report

Question 11

A criminal investigator measures a suspect's change in perspiration in response to questions regarding a burglary.The investigator is using which type of physiological measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  GSR (galvanic skin response) 
B)  EMG (electromyogram) 
C)  EEG (electroencephalogram) 
D)  fMRI (functional MRI) 
A)  GSR (galvanic skin response) 
B)  EMG (electromyogram) 
C)  EEG (electroencephalogram) 
D)  fMRI (functional MRI)

Question 12

A researcher conducts his study with a small number of participants in order to reveal whether the instructions and procedures are clearly understood.This procedure is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  manipulation check. 
B)  double blind study. 
C)  pilot study. 
D)  demand characteristic. 
A)  manipulation check. 
B)  double blind study. 
C)  pilot study. 
D)  demand characteristic.

Question 13

Which one of the following offers a solution to the problem of experimenter bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Placebo groups 
B)  Automated procedures 
C)  Single-blind studies 
D)  Counterbalancing 
A)  Placebo groups 
B)  Automated procedures 
C)  Single-blind studies 
D)  Counterbalancing

Question 14

Why would an investigator use more than one dependent measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is useful to know if the independent variable affects some measures but not others. 
B)  It increases the complexity of the design and looks more impressive. 
C)  It eliminates the problem of demand characteristics. 
D)  It makes the research study more obviously ethical. 
A)  It is useful to know if the independent variable affects some measures but not others. 
B)  It increases the complexity of the design and looks more impressive. 
C)  It eliminates the problem of demand characteristics. 
D)  It makes the research study more obviously ethical.

Question 15

Any feature of an experiment that might inform participants of the purpose of the study is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  experimenter expectancy. 
B)  demand characteristic. 
C)  placebo group. 
D)  manipulation check. 
A)  experimenter expectancy. 
B)  demand characteristic. 
C)  placebo group. 
D)  manipulation check.

Question 16

Responses by participants to interviews and questionnaires are _______ measures.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioural 
B)  valid 
C)  self-report 
D)  physiological 
A)  behavioural 
B)  valid 
C)  self-report 
D)  physiological

Question 17

In general,_____ manipulations are less costly than _____ manipulations.

Accepted Answer

A)  confederate;staged 
B)  staged;straightforward 
C)  straightforward;staged 
D)  staged;weak 
A)  confederate;staged 
B)  staged;straightforward 
C)  straightforward;staged 
D)  staged;weak

Question 18

A manipulation check is used to determine whether

Accepted Answer

A)  the results were statistically significant. 
B)  the independent variable had the intended effect. 
C)  the independent variable was ethical. 
D)  the dependent variable has face validity 
A)  the results were statistically significant. 
B)  the independent variable had the intended effect. 
C)  the independent variable was ethical. 
D)  the dependent variable has face validity

Question 19

A confederate is a person who

Accepted Answer

A)  poses as a participant. 
B)  is responsible for compliance with ethical guidelines. 
C)  attempts to dissuade participants from succumbing to the demand characteristics of the experiment. 
D)  decides to stop his/her participation in a study on the basis of moral objections. 
A)  poses as a participant. 
B)  is responsible for compliance with ethical guidelines. 
C)  attempts to dissuade participants from succumbing to the demand characteristics of the experiment. 
D)  decides to stop his/her participation in a study on the basis of moral objections.

Question 20

If all participants received the minimum score for their performance,the results may be due to a _____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  minimum 
B)  performance 
C)  ceiling 
D)  floor 
A)  minimum 
B)  performance 
C)  ceiling 
D)  floor

Staged manipulations often involve the use of

Which type of manipulations of variables are operationally defined using instructions and stimulus presentations?

Adam measures the length of time two people spend gazing into one another's eyes as an indication of interpersonal attraction.Adam is using which type of measure?

A ceiling effect occurs when a measure results in too many

While Leo is performing a cognitive task,a researcher uses a physiological measure that scans various areas of his brain.The researcher is most likely using a

A manipulation in which participants are run individually versus as a group is an important consideration regarding the _____ the manipulation.

Presenting participants with different versions of a videotaped confession in order to study person perception is an example of a(n)_____ manipulation.

Which physiological measure is frequently used to measure muscle tension?

A researcher is interested in examining the effect of caffeine on driving performance.In order to rule out a change in behaviour brought about because of participants' expectations about the effect of caffeine,the researcher should include

While in a shopping mall,a marketing researcher stops and asks you which you prefer: cola in a bottle or cola in a can.Your response would be an example of a _____ measure.

A criminal investigator measures a suspect's change in perspiration in response to questions regarding a burglary.The investigator is using which type of physiological measure?

A researcher conducts his study with a small number of participants in order to reveal whether the instructions and procedures are clearly understood.This procedure is an example of a

Which one of the following offers a solution to the problem of experimenter bias?

Why would an investigator use more than one dependent measure?

Any feature of an experiment that might inform participants of the purpose of the study is called a(n)

Responses by participants to interviews and questionnaires are _______ measures.

In general,_ manipulations are less costly than _ manipulations.

A manipulation check is used to determine whether

A confederate is a person who

If all participants received the minimum score for their performance,the results may be due to a _____ effect.

Scientific Understanding of Behaviour

Where to Start

Ethical Research

Research Design Fundamentals

Measurement Concepts

Observational Methods

Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research

Experimental Design

Complex Experimental Designs

Research Designs for Special Circumstances

Understanding Research Results: Describ-Ingvariables and Relationships Among Them

Understanding Research Results: Statistical-Inference Basics

Generalizing Results

Filters

Exam 9: Conducting Studies

Staged manipulations often involve the use of

Which type of manipulations of variables are operationally defined using instructions and stimulus presentations?

Adam measures the length of time two people spend gazing into one another's eyes as an indication of interpersonal attraction.Adam is using which type of measure?

A ceiling effect occurs when a measure results in too many

While Leo is performing a cognitive task,a researcher uses a physiological measure that scans various areas of his brain.The researcher is most likely using a

A manipulation in which participants are run individually versus as a group is an important consideration regarding the _____ the manipulation.

Presenting participants with different versions of a videotaped confession in order to study person perception is an example of a(n)_____ manipulation.

Which physiological measure is frequently used to measure muscle tension?

A researcher is interested in examining the effect of caffeine on driving performance.In order to rule out a change in behaviour brought about because of participants' expectations about the effect of caffeine,the researcher should include

While in a shopping mall,a marketing researcher stops and asks you which you prefer: cola in a bottle or cola in a can.Your response would be an example of a _____ measure.

A criminal investigator measures a suspect's change in perspiration in response to questions regarding a burglary.The investigator is using which type of physiological measure?

A researcher conducts his study with a small number of participants in order to reveal whether the instructions and procedures are clearly understood.This procedure is an example of a

Which one of the following offers a solution to the problem of experimenter bias?

Why would an investigator use more than one dependent measure?

Any feature of an experiment that might inform participants of the purpose of the study is called a(n)

Responses by participants to interviews and questionnaires are _______ measures.

In general,_____ manipulations are less costly than _____ manipulations.

A manipulation check is used to determine whether

A confederate is a person who

If all participants received the minimum score for their performance,the results may be due to a _____ effect.

Scientific Understanding of Behaviour

Where to Start

Ethical Research

Research Design Fundamentals

Measurement Concepts

Observational Methods

Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research

Experimental Design

Complex Experimental Designs

Research Designs for Special Circumstances

Understanding Research Results: Describ-Ingvariables and Relationships Among Them

Understanding Research Results: Statistical-Inference Basics

Generalizing Results

Filters

In general,_ manipulations are less costly than _ manipulations.