Question 1

What is the root mean square value of the following velocity components: 2.0 m/s, -3.0 m/s, and 4.0 m/s?

Accepted Answer

A)  5.4 m/s 
B)  1.9 m/s 
C)  3.1 m/s 
D)  3.3 m/s 
E)  1.0 m/s 
A)  5.4 m/s 
B)  1.9 m/s 
C)  3.1 m/s 
D)  3.3 m/s 
E)  1.0 m/s

Question 2

A vertical cylindrical cylinder, closed at the bottom end, is fitted at the top with a piston, which can move freely. The mass of the piston is 10.0 kg and the initial height of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder is 25 cm. A mass of 8 kg is placed on the piston. What is the resulting height of the piston, assuming that the temperature is kept constant?

Accepted Answer

A)  12 cm 
B)  13 cm 
C)  14 cm 
D)  15 cm 
E)  16 cm 
A)  12 cm 
B)  13 cm 
C)  14 cm 
D)  15 cm 
E)  16 cm

Question 3

A 25-kg television set rests on four rubber pads, each having a height of 1.0 cm and a radius of 0.60 cm. A 200-N horizontal force is applied to the television set. How far does it move sideways? The shear modulus of rubber is 2.6 × 106 N/m2.

Accepted Answer

A)  6.8 mm 
B)  3.4 mm 
C)  1.7 mm 
D)  1.5 mm 
E)  1.3 mm 
A)  6.8 mm 
B)  3.4 mm 
C)  1.7 mm 
D)  1.5 mm 
E)  1.3 mm

Question 4

A copper sphere, 10 cm in diameter, is subjected to a pressure of 1.0 × 106 N/m2. What is the change in the diameter of the sphere? The bulk modulus for copper is 1.4 × 1010 N/m2.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.2 × 10-6 m 
B)  2.2 × 10-7 m 
C)  7.1 × 10-6 m 
D)  7.1 × 10-7 m 
E)  7.1 × 10-8 m 
A)  2.2 × 10-6 m 
B)  2.2 × 10-7 m 
C)  7.1 × 10-6 m 
D)  7.1 × 10-7 m 
E)  7.1 × 10-8 m

Question 5

On a cold day, you take in 4.2 L of air into your lungs at a temperature of 0°C. If you hold your breath until the temperature of the air in your lungs reaches 37°C, what is the volume of the air in your lungs at that point, assuming the pressure does not change?

Accepted Answer

A)  4.2 L 
B)  4.4 L 
C)  4.6 L 
D)  4.8 L 
E)  5.0 L 
A)  4.2 L 
B)  4.4 L 
C)  4.6 L 
D)  4.8 L 
E)  5.0 L

Question 6

When a liquid evaporates

Accepted Answer

A)  the temperature of the substance increases. 
B)  the temperature of the substance decreases. 
C)  heat energy leaves the substance. 
D)  heat energy enters the substance. 
A)  the temperature of the substance increases. 
B)  the temperature of the substance decreases. 
C)  heat energy leaves the substance. 
D)  heat energy enters the substance.

Question 7

On a hot summer day, you turn the thermostat in your house way down. Assume that your house is well sealed and that no air enters or leaves the house. When the air temperature in your house falls a short while later, what statement is correct regarding the air pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  The air pressure is higher at the lower temperature. 
B)  The air pressure is lower at the lower temperature. 
C)  The air pressure does not change at the lower temperature. 
D)  The air pressure increases at first but then decreases again as the temperature approaches its higher value. 
E)  The air pressure decreases at first but then increases again as the temperature approaches its lower value. 
A)  The air pressure is higher at the lower temperature. 
B)  The air pressure is lower at the lower temperature. 
C)  The air pressure does not change at the lower temperature. 
D)  The air pressure increases at first but then decreases again as the temperature approaches its higher value. 
E)  The air pressure decreases at first but then increases again as the temperature approaches its lower value.

Question 8

A 200-kg superhero, falling off a building manages to grab hold of the end of a 3.0 m-long flagpole, 5.0 cm in radius, which saves him from falling any further. After the oscillations have died down, the end of the flagpole is sagging 10 cm. What is the shear modulus of the pole?

Accepted Answer

A)  7.5 × 106 N/m2 
B)  2.4 × 106 N/m2 
C)  7.5 × 107 N/m2 
D)  2.4 × 107 N/m2 
E)  2.4 × 105 N/m2 
A)  7.5 × 106 N/m2 
B)  2.4 × 106 N/m2 
C)  7.5 × 107 N/m2 
D)  2.4 × 107 N/m2 
E)  2.4 × 105 N/m2

Question 9

A 50-kg air conditioner is placed on top of a concrete pad with a cross-sectional area of 3.0 m2 and 20 cm thick. What is the change in thickness of the pad? Young's modulus for concrete is 2.3 × 1010 N/m2.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.4 × 10-9 m 
B)  2.8 × 10-9 m 
C)  1.4 × 10-8 m 
D)  1.4 × 10-7 m 
E)  2.8 × 10-8 m 
A)  1.4 × 10-9 m 
B)  2.8 × 10-9 m 
C)  1.4 × 10-8 m 
D)  1.4 × 10-7 m 
E)  2.8 × 10-8 m

Question 10

Ice melts if enough pressure is applied to it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

State Boyle's law.

Accepted Answer

The volume of a gas is inverse

Question 12

At what temperature is the rms speed of hydrogen molecules, which have a molecular weight of 2.02 g/mole, equal to 2000 m/s?

Accepted Answer

A)  17.0°C 
B)  34.0°C 
C)  51.0°C 
D)  68.0°C 
E)  72.0°C 
A)  17.0°C 
B)  34.0°C 
C)  51.0°C 
D)  68.0°C 
E)  72.0°C

Question 13

A container of negligible heat capacity has in it 456 g of ice at -25.0°C. Heat is supplied to the container at the rate of 1000 J/min. After how long will the ice start to melt, assuming all of the ice has the same temperature?
 The specific heat of ice is 2090 J/(kg K) and the latent heat of fusion of water is 33.5 × 104 J/kg.

Accepted Answer

Question 14

On a cold winter day, you turn up the thermostat in your house. Assume that your house is well sealed and that no air enters or leaves the house. When the air temperature in your house rises a short while later, what statement is correct regarding the air pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  The air pressure is higher at the higher temperature. 
B)  The air pressure is lower at the higher temperature. 
C)  The air pressure does not change at the higher temperature. 
D)  The air pressure increases at first but then decreases again as the temperature approaches its higher value. 
E)  The air pressure decreases at first but then increases again as the temperature approaches its lower value. 
A)  The air pressure is higher at the higher temperature. 
B)  The air pressure is lower at the higher temperature. 
C)  The air pressure does not change at the higher temperature. 
D)  The air pressure increases at first but then decreases again as the temperature approaches its higher value. 
E)  The air pressure decreases at first but then increases again as the temperature approaches its lower value.

Question 15

A 30-cm steel rod, 1.0 cm in diameter, supports a 300-kg mass. What is the change in length of the rod? Young's modulus for steel is 20 × 1010 N/m2.

Accepted Answer

A)  5.6 × 10-5 m 
B)  6.5 × 10-5 m 
C)  5.6 × 10-6 m 
D)  6.5 × 10-6 m 
E)  6.5 × 10-4 m 
A)  5.6 × 10-5 m 
B)  6.5 × 10-5 m 
C)  5.6 × 10-6 m 
D)  6.5 × 10-6 m 
E)  6.5 × 10-4 m

Question 16

The rms speed of a certain sample of carbon dioxide molecules, with a molecular weight of 44 g/mole is 396 m/s. What is the rms speed of water molecules, with a molecular weight of 18 g/mol at the same temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  253 m/s 
B)  387 m/s 
C)  421 m/s 
D)  506 m/s 
E)  619 m/s 
A)  253 m/s 
B)  387 m/s 
C)  421 m/s 
D)  506 m/s 
E)  619 m/s

Question 17

In the deep ocean trenches, there are hydrothermal vents, which discharge very hot water. In one such vent, the temperature of the water is 300°C. Why does this water not boil?

Accepted Answer

The water does not boil becaus

Question 18

A 1200-kg car is being raised at a constant speed by a crane, using a 20-m long steel cable, 1.50 cm in diameter. Young's modulus for steel is 20 × 1010 N/m2. What is the change in length of the cable?

Accepted Answer

A)  6.7 mm 
B)  6.7 cm 
C)  3.3 mm 
D)  3.3 cm 
E)  3.3 m 
A)  6.7 mm 
B)  6.7 cm 
C)  3.3 mm 
D)  3.3 cm 
E)  3.3 m

Question 19

A 1.00-kg piece of iron at 655°C is dropped into a calorimeter of negligible heat capacity containing 50.1 g of water at 30°C. What is the final temperature of the system? The specific heat of iron is 448 J/(kg K). the specific heat of steam is 2010 J/(kg K). and the latent heat of vaporization of water is 22.6 × 105 J/kg.

Accepted Answer

A)  100°C 
B)  210°C 
C)  320°C 
D)  430°C 
E)  635°C 
A)  100°C 
B)  210°C 
C)  320°C 
D)  430°C 
E)  635°C

Question 20

How much heat must be removed from 456 g of water at 25.0°C to change it into ice at -10.0°C?
The specific heat of ice is 2090 J/(kg K) and the latent heat of fusion of water is
33)5 × 104 J/kg.

Accepted Answer

A)  105 kJ 
B)  153 kJ 
C)  57.3 kJ 
D)  47.7 kJ 
E)  210 kJ 
A)  105 kJ 
B)  153 kJ 
C)  57.3 kJ 
D)  47.7 kJ 
E)  210 kJ

Exam 17: Phases and Phase Changes

What is the root mean square value of the following velocity components: 2.0 m/s, -3.0 m/s, and 4.0 m/s?

A 25-kg television set rests on four rubber pads, each having a height of 1.0 cm and a radius of 0.60 cm. A 200-N horizontal force is applied to the television set. How far does it move sideways? The shear modulus of rubber is 2.6 × 106 N/m2.

A copper sphere, 10 cm in diameter, is subjected to a pressure of 1.0 × 106 N/m2. What is the change in the diameter of the sphere? The bulk modulus for copper is 1.4 × 1010 N/m2.

On a cold day, you take in 4.2 L of air into your lungs at a temperature of 0°C. If you hold your breath until the temperature of the air in your lungs reaches 37°C, what is the volume of the air in your lungs at that point, assuming the pressure does not change?

When a liquid evaporates

On a hot summer day, you turn the thermostat in your house way down. Assume that your house is well sealed and that no air enters or leaves the house. When the air temperature in your house falls a short while later, what statement is correct regarding the air pressure?

A 200-kg superhero, falling off a building manages to grab hold of the end of a 3.0 m-long flagpole, 5.0 cm in radius, which saves him from falling any further. After the oscillations have died down, the end of the flagpole is sagging 10 cm. What is the shear modulus of the pole?

A 50-kg air conditioner is placed on top of a concrete pad with a cross-sectional area of 3.0 m2 and 20 cm thick. What is the change in thickness of the pad? Young's modulus for concrete is 2.3 × 1010 N/m2.

Ice melts if enough pressure is applied to it.

State Boyle's law.

At what temperature is the rms speed of hydrogen molecules, which have a molecular weight of 2.02 g/mole, equal to 2000 m/s?

On a cold winter day, you turn up the thermostat in your house. Assume that your house is well sealed and that no air enters or leaves the house. When the air temperature in your house rises a short while later, what statement is correct regarding the air pressure?

A 30-cm steel rod, 1.0 cm in diameter, supports a 300-kg mass. What is the change in length of the rod? Young's modulus for steel is 20 × 1010 N/m2.

The rms speed of a certain sample of carbon dioxide molecules, with a molecular weight of 44 g/mole is 396 m/s. What is the rms speed of water molecules, with a molecular weight of 18 g/mol at the same temperature?

In the deep ocean trenches, there are hydrothermal vents, which discharge very hot water. In one such vent, the temperature of the water is 300°C. Why does this water not boil?

A 1200-kg car is being raised at a constant speed by a crane, using a 20-m long steel cable, 1.50 cm in diameter. Young's modulus for steel is 20 × 1010 N/m2. What is the change in length of the cable?

How much heat must be removed from 456 g of water at 25.0°C to change it into ice at -10.0°C? The specific heat of ice is 2090 J/(kg K) and the latent heat of fusion of water is 33)5 × 104 J/kg.

Introduction to Physics

One-Dimensional Kinematics

Vectors in Physics

Two-Dimensional Kinematics

Newtons Laws of Motion

Applications of Newtons Laws

Work and Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

Linear Momentum and Collisions

Rotational Kinematics and Energy

Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium

Gravity

Oscillations About Equilibrium

Waves and Sound

Fluids

Temperature and Heat

The Laws of Thermodynamics

Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields

Electric Potential and Electric Potential Energy

Electric Current and Direct-Current Circuits

Magnetism

Magnetic Flux and Faradays Law of Induction

Alternating-Current Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

Geometrical Optics

Optical Instruments

Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction

Relativity

Quantum Physics

Atomic Physics

Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Radiation

Filters

A 25-kg television set rests on four rubber pads, each having a height of 1.0 cm and a radius of 0.60 cm. A 200-N horizontal force is applied to the television set. How far does it move sideways? The shear modulus of rubber is 2.6 × 10⁶ N/m².

A copper sphere, 10 cm in diameter, is subjected to a pressure of 1.0 × 10⁶ N/m². What is the change in the diameter of the sphere? The bulk modulus for copper is 1.4 × 10¹⁰ N/m².

A 50-kg air conditioner is placed on top of a concrete pad with a cross-sectional area of 3.0 m² and 20 cm thick. What is the change in thickness of the pad? Young's modulus for concrete is 2.3 × 10¹⁰ N/m².

A 30-cm steel rod, 1.0 cm in diameter, supports a 300-kg mass. What is the change in length of the rod? Young's modulus for steel is 20 × 10¹⁰ N/m².

A 1200-kg car is being raised at a constant speed by a crane, using a 20-m long steel cable, 1.50 cm in diameter. Young's modulus for steel is 20 × 10¹⁰ N/m². What is the change in length of the cable?

How much heat must be removed from 456 g of water at 25.0°C to change it into ice at -10.0°C? The specific heat of ice is 2090 J/(kg K) and the latent heat of fusion of water is 33)5 × 10⁴ J/kg.