Question 1

The highest tides occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  the Sun and the Moon are on the same side of Earth. 
B)  the Sun and the Moon are on opposite sides of Earth. 
C)  the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a right-angled triangle with Earth at the 90° vertex. 
D)  the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a right-angled triangle with the Moon at the 90° vertex. 
E)  the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a right-angled triangle with the Sun at the 90° vertex. 
A)  the Sun and the Moon are on the same side of Earth. 
B)  the Sun and the Moon are on opposite sides of Earth. 
C)  the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a right-angled triangle with Earth at the 90° vertex. 
D)  the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a right-angled triangle with the Moon at the 90° vertex. 
E)  the Sun, Moon, and Earth form a right-angled triangle with the Sun at the 90° vertex.

Question 2

Asteroid Ida was photographed by the Galileo spacecraft in 1993, and the photograph revealed that the asteroid has a moon, which has been named Dactyl. From the dimensions of Ida and its general features, one can estimate the mass of Ida to be 4.5 × 1016 kg, and the distance between Dactyl and Ida is approximately 90 km. Assuming a circular orbit, what would be the orbital speed of Dactyl? G = 6.67 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2.

Accepted Answer

A)  5.8 m/s 
B)  11 m/s 
C)  2.3 m/s 
D)  2.9 m/s 
E)  30 m/s 
A)  5.8 m/s 
B)  11 m/s 
C)  2.3 m/s 
D)  2.9 m/s 
E)  30 m/s

Question 3

A satellite of mass 500 kg orbits the Earth with a period of 6000 s. The Earth has a mass of 5.98 × 1024 kg. (a) Calculate the magnitude of the Earth's gravitational force on the satellite. (b) Determine the altitude of the satellite above the Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

(a)3900 N

Question 4

State Kepler's First Law of Orbital Motion

Accepted Answer

The orbits of the pl

Question 5

What is the distance from the moon to the point between Earth and the Moon where the gravitational pulls of Earth and Moon are equal? The mass of Earth is 5.97 × 1024 kg, the mass of the Moon is 7.35 × 1022 kg, the distance between Earth and the Moon is 3.84 × 108 m, and G = 6.67 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2.

Accepted Answer

A)  3.45 × 108 m 
B)  3.83 × 107 m 
C)  4.69 × 106 m 
D)  3.83 × 106 m 
E)  4.69 × 107 m 
A)  3.45 × 108 m 
B)  3.83 × 107 m 
C)  4.69 × 106 m 
D)  3.83 × 106 m 
E)  4.69 × 107 m

Question 6

A satellite completes one full orbit around Earth. The work performed by Earth's gravitational force on the satellite is

Accepted Answer

A)  always positive. 
B)  zero J. 
C)  always negative. 
D)  positive most of the time. 
E)  negative most of the time. 
A)  always positive. 
B)  zero J. 
C)  always negative. 
D)  positive most of the time. 
E)  negative most of the time.

Question 7

You have discovered a star system consisting of three equally spaced stars of equal mass arranged in a straight line. The two outermost stars, Zenith and Nadir, revolve synchronously around the central star, Janus. What is the period of revolution for this system in terms of M, the mass of each of the stars, and R, the radius of the circular orbit of Zenith and Nadir?

Accepted Answer

A)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (3/2)1/2 
B)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (2/3)1/2 
C)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (4/5)1/2 
D)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (5/4)1/2 
E)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (7/5)1/2 
A)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (3/2)1/2 
B)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (2/3)1/2 
C)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (4/5)1/2 
D)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (5/4)1/2 
E)  [2πR3/2/(GM)1/2] × (7/5)1/2

Question 8

An astronaut is piloting a spacecraft, which is in a circular orbit around Earth. A space station is ahead, on the same circular orbit. If he fires his rockets briefly to decrease the forward speed of the rocket, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

The spacecraft will be put into an ellip

Question 9

A space exploration satellite is orbiting a spherical asteroid whose mass is 4.65 × 1016 kg and whose radius is 39,600 m, at an altitude of 12,400 m above the surface of the asteroid. Mission Control sends it a signal to fire a short burst of its retro rockets to bring its speed to zero m/s. What is the speed of the satellite when it hits the surface of the asteroid?

Accepted Answer

A)  6.11 m/s 
B)  7.18 m/s 
C)  8.29 m/s 
D)  5.74 m/s 
E)  4.36 m/s 
A)  6.11 m/s 
B)  7.18 m/s 
C)  8.29 m/s 
D)  5.74 m/s 
E)  4.36 m/s

Question 10

Most asteroids are oblong in shape. Approximate an asteroid as being made up of two identical spheres of mass M and radius R that are just touching each other, in a figure eight. In terms of G, M, and R, what is the escape velocity for a spaceship taking off from the top of the figure eight?

Accepted Answer

A)  (2GM/R)1/2 
B)  (4GM/3R)1/2 
C)  (8GM/3R)1/2 
D)  (3GM/R)1/2 
E)  (7GM/5R)1/2 
A)  (2GM/R)1/2 
B)  (4GM/3R)1/2 
C)  (8GM/3R)1/2 
D)  (3GM/R)1/2 
E)  (7GM/5R)1/2

Question 11

Jupiter completes one revolution about its own axis every 9.92 hours. What is the radius of the orbit required for a satellite to revolve about Jupiter with the same period? Jupiter has a mass of 1.90 × 1027 kg and G = 6.67 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.04 × 107 m 
B)  2.26 × 109 m 
C)  1.60 × 108 m 
D)  3.41 × 108 m 
E)  7.45 × 108 m 
A)  1.04 × 107 m 
B)  2.26 × 109 m 
C)  1.60 × 108 m 
D)  3.41 × 108 m 
E)  7.45 × 108 m

Question 12

During the period of one day, the number of high tides on the East or West coast is usually

Accepted Answer

A)  five. 
B)  one. 
C)  two. 
D)  four. 
E)  three. 
A)  five. 
B)  one. 
C)  two. 
D)  four. 
E)  three.

Question 13

Tidal locking is what makes the Moon rotate about its own axis at the same rate that it revolves around Earth. Using as a model of a moon two identical masses of mass m connected by a light rod, explain how the forces on the masses would tend to keep this satellite in a fixed orientation.

Accepted Answer

Suppose that the masses are oriented so

Question 14

Uranus completes one revolution about its own axis every 17.24 hours. What is the radius of the orbit required for a satellite to revolve about Uranus with the same period? Uranus has a mass of 8.69 × 1025 kg and G = 6.67 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2.

Accepted Answer

A)  8.27 × 107 m 
B)  3.41 × 108 m 
C)  2.56 × 108 m 
D)  9.03 × 107 m 
E)  1.04 × 107 m 
A)  8.27 × 107 m 
B)  3.41 × 108 m 
C)  2.56 × 108 m 
D)  9.03 × 107 m 
E)  1.04 × 107 m

Exam 12: Gravity

The highest tides occur when

A satellite of mass 500 kg orbits the Earth with a period of 6000 s. The Earth has a mass of 5.98 × 1024 kg. (a) Calculate the magnitude of the Earth's gravitational force on the satellite. (b) Determine the altitude of the satellite above the Earth's surface.

State Kepler's First Law of Orbital Motion

A satellite completes one full orbit around Earth. The work performed by Earth's gravitational force on the satellite is

An astronaut is piloting a spacecraft, which is in a circular orbit around Earth. A space station is ahead, on the same circular orbit. If he fires his rockets briefly to decrease the forward speed of the rocket, what will happen?

Most asteroids are oblong in shape. Approximate an asteroid as being made up of two identical spheres of mass M and radius R that are just touching each other, in a figure eight. In terms of G, M, and R, what is the escape velocity for a spaceship taking off from the top of the figure eight?

Jupiter completes one revolution about its own axis every 9.92 hours. What is the radius of the orbit required for a satellite to revolve about Jupiter with the same period? Jupiter has a mass of 1.90 × 1027 kg and G = 6.67 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2.

During the period of one day, the number of high tides on the East or West coast is usually

Tidal locking is what makes the Moon rotate about its own axis at the same rate that it revolves around Earth. Using as a model of a moon two identical masses of mass m connected by a light rod, explain how the forces on the masses would tend to keep this satellite in a fixed orientation.

Uranus completes one revolution about its own axis every 17.24 hours. What is the radius of the orbit required for a satellite to revolve about Uranus with the same period? Uranus has a mass of 8.69 × 1025 kg and G = 6.67 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2.

Introduction to Physics

One-Dimensional Kinematics

Vectors in Physics

Two-Dimensional Kinematics

Newtons Laws of Motion

Applications of Newtons Laws

Work and Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy

Linear Momentum and Collisions

Rotational Kinematics and Energy

Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium

Oscillations About Equilibrium

Waves and Sound

Fluids

Temperature and Heat

Phases and Phase Changes

The Laws of Thermodynamics

Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields

Electric Potential and Electric Potential Energy

Electric Current and Direct-Current Circuits

Magnetism

Magnetic Flux and Faradays Law of Induction

Alternating-Current Circuits

Electromagnetic Waves

Geometrical Optics

Optical Instruments

Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction

Relativity

Quantum Physics

Atomic Physics

Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Radiation

Filters

A satellite of mass 500 kg orbits the Earth with a period of 6000 s. The Earth has a mass of 5.98 × 10²⁴kg. (a) Calculate the magnitude of the Earth's gravitational force on the satellite. (b) Determine the altitude of the satellite above the Earth's surface.

Jupiter completes one revolution about its own axis every 9.92 hours. What is the radius of the orbit required for a satellite to revolve about Jupiter with the same period? Jupiter has a mass of 1.90 × 10²⁷ kg and G = 6.67 x 10^-11 N·m²/kg².

Uranus completes one revolution about its own axis every 17.24 hours. What is the radius of the orbit required for a satellite to revolve about Uranus with the same period? Uranus has a mass of 8.69 × 10²⁵ kg and G = 6.67 x 10^-11 N·m²/kg².