Question 1

Darwin's view that the natural characteristics of an organism exert useful effects is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  reductionism. 
B)  positivism. 
C)  functionalism. 
D)  consolidation. 
E)  adaptation. 
A)  reductionism. 
B)  positivism. 
C)  functionalism. 
D)  consolidation. 
E)  adaptation.

Question 2

Which of the following is true with regard to the use of animals by humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Owning a pet requires permission from a veterinarian. 
B)  Pet homes are regularly inspected by the government. 
C)  More suffering occurs through pet ownership than with research. 
D)  More animals die in research projects than die as pets. 
E)  No animal research has been useful for understanding and treating human disease. 
A)  Owning a pet requires permission from a veterinarian. 
B)  Pet homes are regularly inspected by the government. 
C)  More suffering occurs through pet ownership than with research. 
D)  More animals die in research projects than die as pets. 
E)  No animal research has been useful for understanding and treating human disease.

Question 3

A complex phenomenon that is explained using simpler phenomena is based on the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalization. 
B)  simplification. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  deduction. 
E)  reduction. 
A)  rationalization. 
B)  simplification. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  deduction. 
E)  reduction.

Question 4

Which of the following is true of genetic mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutations have mostly beneficial effects. 
B)  Mutations commonly increase the survivability of affected offspring. 
C)  Mutations rarely result in problems for the affected offspring. 
D)  Most mutations are deleterious. 
E)  Mutations cannot confer selective advantages to the affected offspring. 
A)  Mutations have mostly beneficial effects. 
B)  Mutations commonly increase the survivability of affected offspring. 
C)  Mutations rarely result in problems for the affected offspring. 
D)  Most mutations are deleterious. 
E)  Mutations cannot confer selective advantages to the affected offspring.

Question 5

The scent of a flower sniffed through the right nostril in a "split-brain" person would be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)  generate a sensory message in the left hemisphere of the brain. 
B)  generate a sensory message in both hemispheres of the brain. 
C)  lead that person to report the smell of a flower. 
D)  allow that person to use his or her left hand to choose a hidden plastic flower. 
E)  rapidly induce nausea. 
A)  generate a sensory message in the left hemisphere of the brain. 
B)  generate a sensory message in both hemispheres of the brain. 
C)  lead that person to report the smell of a flower. 
D)  allow that person to use his or her left hand to choose a hidden plastic flower. 
E)  rapidly induce nausea.

Question 6

Which of the following is correct regarding the genetic similarities evident among the various members of the primate families?

Accepted Answer

A)  Members of the primate family share 78.8 percent of their DNA. 
B)  Humans and chimpanzees share 98.8 percent of their DNA. 
C)  Chimpanzees and gorillas share 50 percent of their genes. 
D)  Humans share only 1.2 percent of their genes with other primates. 
E)  There is little genetic similarity between the primate groups. 
A)  Members of the primate family share 78.8 percent of their DNA. 
B)  Humans and chimpanzees share 98.8 percent of their DNA. 
C)  Chimpanzees and gorillas share 50 percent of their genes. 
D)  Humans share only 1.2 percent of their genes with other primates. 
E)  There is little genetic similarity between the primate groups.

Question 7

Which of the following is an indispensable use of animals for humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  research for the treatment of human disease 
B)  as a source of food 
C)  as companions to humans 
D)  as a source of fur 
E)  as contestants in reality television shows 
A)  research for the treatment of human disease 
B)  as a source of food 
C)  as companions to humans 
D)  as a source of fur 
E)  as contestants in reality television shows

Question 8

Electrical stimulation of the ________ in dogs was shown by Fritsch and Hitzig in 1870 to result in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  pineal gland; contraction of the facial muscles 
B)  parietal cortex; the sensation of high frequency sound 
C)  corpus callosum; paralysis of both hind legs 
D)  primary motor cortex; muscle contraction on the opposite side of the body 
E)  left globus pallidus; atrophy of muscles on the right side of the body 
A)  pineal gland; contraction of the facial muscles 
B)  parietal cortex; the sensation of high frequency sound 
C)  corpus callosum; paralysis of both hind legs 
D)  primary motor cortex; muscle contraction on the opposite side of the body 
E)  left globus pallidus; atrophy of muscles on the right side of the body

Question 9

________ are physicians trained to diagnose and to treat diseases of the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychologists 
B)  Neurologists 
C)  Anatomists 
D)  Behavioral neuroscientists 
E)  Experimental neuropsychologists 
A)  Psychologists 
B)  Neurologists 
C)  Anatomists 
D)  Behavioral neuroscientists 
E)  Experimental neuropsychologists

Question 10

Which of the following is consistent with the doctrine of specific nerve energies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrical stimulation of a sensory nerve cannot evoke a specific sensation. 
B)  All nerves carry a similar electrical message. 
C)  Exerting pressure on the eyeball can evoke pain. 
D) Each brain area receives signals from all sensory systems. . 
E) Visual signals are carried by very large action potentials whereas tactile signals are carried by tiny action potentials. 
A)  Electrical stimulation of a sensory nerve cannot evoke a specific sensation. 
B)  All nerves carry a similar electrical message. 
C)  Exerting pressure on the eyeball can evoke pain. 
D) Each brain area receives signals from all sensory systems. . 
E) Visual signals are carried by very large action potentials whereas tactile signals are carried by tiny action potentials.

Question 11

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduction uses complex processes to explain complicated ones. 
B)  The goal of science is to explain simple phenomena in terms of complicated mechanisms. 
C)  Generalization and reduction are important tools in science. 
D)  Physiological psychologists only use reductionistic explanations. 
E)  Science involves generating - but not - testing hypotheses. 
A)  Reduction uses complex processes to explain complicated ones. 
B)  The goal of science is to explain simple phenomena in terms of complicated mechanisms. 
C)  Generalization and reduction are important tools in science. 
D)  Physiological psychologists only use reductionistic explanations. 
E)  Science involves generating - but not - testing hypotheses.

Question 12

In most persons,the left hemisphere of the brain

Accepted Answer

A)  controls the left side of the body. 
B)  controls speech. 
C)  is involved in spatial perception. 
D)  receives tactile information from the left side of the body. 
E)  receives olfactory information from the right nostril. 
A)  controls the left side of the body. 
B)  controls speech. 
C)  is involved in spatial perception. 
D)  receives tactile information from the left side of the body. 
E)  receives olfactory information from the right nostril.

Question 13

Nicholl and Russell's research indicates that animal rights activists are most concerned with the use of animals as research subjects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

_______ refers to the ancient belief that spirits control the movements of inanimate objects.

Accepted Answer

A)  Spiritualism 
B)  Dualism 
C)  Monism 
D)  Animism 
E)  Theism 
A)  Spiritualism 
B)  Dualism 
C)  Monism 
D)  Animism 
E)  Theism

Question 15

A psychologist who argues that phobias are actually learned fears is using the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalization. 
B)  pseudoscience. 
C)  reductionism. 
D)  generalization. 
E)  logical discrimination. 
A)  rationalization. 
B)  pseudoscience. 
C)  reductionism. 
D)  generalization. 
E)  logical discrimination.

Question 16

A physiological psychologist would be most comfortable with which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  The universe is a mental construction. 
B)  The body is a hallucination generated by the mind. 
C)  The body is made of matter; the mind is not. 
D)  Everything is made of matter and energy. 
E)  The body is physical and the mind is spiritual. 
A)  The universe is a mental construction. 
B)  The body is a hallucination generated by the mind. 
C)  The body is made of matter; the mind is not. 
D)  Everything is made of matter and energy. 
E)  The body is physical and the mind is spiritual.

Question 17

________ is a type of explanation used by scientists.

Accepted Answer

A)  Generalization 
B)  Induction 
C)  Rationalization 
D)  Syllogism 
E)  Simplification. 
A)  Generalization 
B)  Induction 
C)  Rationalization 
D)  Syllogism 
E)  Simplification.

Question 18

Galvani's experiment showed that ________ of a frog nerve caused ________ of the attached muscle.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical stimulation; relaxation 
B)  electrical stimulation; contraction 
C)  chemical stimulation; contraction 
D)  pressurization; relaxation 
E)  chemical stimulation; relaxation 
A)  electrical stimulation; relaxation 
B)  electrical stimulation; contraction 
C)  chemical stimulation; contraction 
D)  pressurization; relaxation 
E)  chemical stimulation; relaxation

Question 19

Genetic mutations involve

Accepted Answer

A)  adverse neural development caused by drug ingestion in adulthood. 
B)  accidental changes in the chromosomes of sperms or eggs. 
C)  poor adaptation to the environment. 
D)  improved reproductive success. 
E)  only beneficial changes in the characteristics of an organism. 
A)  adverse neural development caused by drug ingestion in adulthood. 
B)  accidental changes in the chromosomes of sperms or eggs. 
C)  poor adaptation to the environment. 
D)  improved reproductive success. 
E)  only beneficial changes in the characteristics of an organism.

Question 20

Which of the following is an advantage associated with the development of color vision in primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to locate food in the dark 
B)  the ability to freely move in the forest at night 
C)  the capacity to discriminate movement at the edge of the visual field. fruit 
D)  the capacity to communicate using hand signals 
E)  The ability to distinguish ripe from unripe fruit. 
A)  the ability to locate food in the dark 
B)  the ability to freely move in the forest at night 
C)  the capacity to discriminate movement at the edge of the visual field. fruit 
D)  the capacity to communicate using hand signals 
E)  The ability to distinguish ripe from unripe fruit.

Darwin's view that the natural characteristics of an organism exert useful effects is termed

Which of the following is true with regard to the use of animals by humans?

A complex phenomenon that is explained using simpler phenomena is based on the process of

Which of the following is true of genetic mutations?

The scent of a flower sniffed through the right nostril in a "split-brain" person would be expected to

Which of the following is correct regarding the genetic similarities evident among the various members of the primate families?

Which of the following is an indispensable use of animals for humans?

Electrical stimulation of the in dogs was shown by Fritsch and Hitzig in 1870 to result in .

________ are physicians trained to diagnose and to treat diseases of the central nervous system.

Which of the following is consistent with the doctrine of specific nerve energies?

Which of the following is correct?

In most persons,the left hemisphere of the brain

Nicholl and Russell's research indicates that animal rights activists are most concerned with the use of animals as research subjects.

_______ refers to the ancient belief that spirits control the movements of inanimate objects.

A psychologist who argues that phobias are actually learned fears is using the process of

A physiological psychologist would be most comfortable with which of the following statements?

________ is a type of explanation used by scientists.

Galvani's experiment showed that of a frog nerve caused of the attached muscle.

Genetic mutations involve

Which of the following is an advantage associated with the development of color vision in primates?

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

Exam 1: Origins of Behavioral Neuroscience

Darwin's view that the natural characteristics of an organism exert useful effects is termed

Which of the following is true with regard to the use of animals by humans?

A complex phenomenon that is explained using simpler phenomena is based on the process of

Which of the following is true of genetic mutations?

The scent of a flower sniffed through the right nostril in a "split-brain" person would be expected to

Which of the following is correct regarding the genetic similarities evident among the various members of the primate families?

Which of the following is an indispensable use of animals for humans?

Electrical stimulation of the ________ in dogs was shown by Fritsch and Hitzig in 1870 to result in ________.

________ are physicians trained to diagnose and to treat diseases of the central nervous system.

Which of the following is consistent with the doctrine of specific nerve energies?

Which of the following is correct?

In most persons,the left hemisphere of the brain

Nicholl and Russell's research indicates that animal rights activists are most concerned with the use of animals as research subjects.

_______ refers to the ancient belief that spirits control the movements of inanimate objects.

A psychologist who argues that phobias are actually learned fears is using the process of

A physiological psychologist would be most comfortable with which of the following statements?

________ is a type of explanation used by scientists.

Galvani's experiment showed that ________ of a frog nerve caused ________ of the attached muscle.

Genetic mutations involve

Which of the following is an advantage associated with the development of color vision in primates?

Structure and Functions of Cells of the Nervous System

Structure of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Methods and Strategies of Research

Vision

Audition, the Body Senses, and the Chemical Senses

Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Reproductive Behavior

Emotion

Ingestive Behavior

Learning and Memory

Human Communication

Neurological Disorders

Schizophrenia, Affective Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders

Autistic, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity, Stress, and Substance Abuse Disorders

Filters

Electrical stimulation of the in dogs was shown by Fritsch and Hitzig in 1870 to result in .

Galvani's experiment showed that of a frog nerve caused of the attached muscle.