Exam 9: Conducting Experiments

Yvette, an investigator who is interested in the effectiveness of various memory strategies, instructs randomly assigned participants to use either imagery or repetitive silent speech to remember a list of 20 words. Two weeks later, she tests these participants for how many words they can recall. The imagery group recalls an average of 2.6 words, while the repetition group recalls an average of 1.9 words. She concludes that there is no difference in the effectiveness of these memory strategies because the results are not statistically significant. Is this a reasonable conclusion?

After collecting data, Collins, a researcher, tells the participants the purpose of his study, the results expected, and the practical implications of his research. He also got to know from the participants as to what they felt about the experiment. This process is referred to as a:

Which of the following is a potential source of experimenter bias?

_____ are important opportunities for researchers to present their findings to other researchers and the public.

What is a disadvantage of using the strongest manipulation possible in a research?

Which of the following statements is true of straightforward manipulations?

Adam measures the length of time two people spend gazing into each other's eyes as an indication of interpersonal attraction. Which type of measure is Adam using?

When participants are not aware of whether they are in the experimental or control condition, the researcher has employed a _____.

Mr. Louise, a psychologist, is interested in the effect of physical attractiveness on ratings of punishment assigned to a driver in an automobile accident. Participants read an account of the accident and received a written description of a physically attractive or unattractive defendant. The manipulation of attractiveness would be an example of a _____ manipulation.

While Leo is performing a cognitive task, a researcher uses a physiological measure that scans various areas of his brain. In this case, the researcher is most likely using a(n):

Which of the following is a technique to improve internal validity?

Participants were asked to consume 8, 16, 24, or 32 ounces of alcohol and then to recite the English alphabet as quickly as possible. The rate or the amount of time it takes the participant to correctly recite the alphabet would be an example of a _____ measure.

In a study examining the effect of appearances on judgments of criminal behavior, a researcher asks questions about the surroundings and the victim in order to disguise the dependent measures in the study. These unrelated questions are referred to as _____.

Event manipulations often involve the use of _____.

In the context of physiological measures, the electromyogram is used to measure _____.

Professor Smith takes a survey on her students in order to know if they prefer an individual or a group research project. The responses she collects would be an example of which of the following types of measure?

When Mr. Arthur, a researcher, submits a paper to a journal for publication, other researchers who are familiar with his area of research carefully scrutinize the paper and recommend acceptance or rejection. This process is known as _____.

A _____ is very similar to the introduction and method sections of a journal article.

What is the reason for using multiple measures?

Without informing them, a researcher assigns participants to either an experimental or a placebo group. The researcher's assistants who test the participants do not know who belongs to which group. The experiment has used a _____.