Exam 1: Introduction

Pavlov discovered the principle of ________,in which a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to produce a response originally produced by another stimulus.

According to your text,the hormone cortisol has been used by developmental researchers to study all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following terms refers to the behavior patterns,the beliefs,and all other products of a specific group of people that are passed on from generation to generation?

Pete wants to study the effect of differences in parental nurturing styles on child development.What are the steps he must follow in order to base his study on the scientific method?

Explain how differences in socioeconomic status lead to unequal opportunities.

Mark,who is 14 years old,spends a lot of time thinking about the world as it currently is and the world as it could be if everyone took a greater degree of personal responsibility for environmental and social conditions.According to Piaget,Mark is in the ________ stage of development.

A researcher who wants to study the effect of parenting styles on development would need to take into consideration the socioeconomic status and cultural settings of the families being studied.These aspects are a part of the "________" of development.

Sandra is taking a test with her classmates.All students must follow the same rules,are given the same allotted time,and are not allowed to talk or leave the room until the test is finished.Sandra is taking a(n)________ test.

________ measures are used by researchers to examine the influence of hormones on development.

Cause-and-effect relationships can best be determined by ________ studies.

Erikson charged elementary school teachers to nourish children's motivation for mastery and curiosity.Which stage of his psychosocial theory was Erikson hoping teachers would promote?

In developmental research,cohort effects include all of the following EXCEPT

Madison grew up in a single-parent,poor,urban home with her mother and three siblings.These factors represent the ________ of Madison's development.

The development of the brain,height and weight gains,motor skills,and the hormonal changes of puberty all reflect the role of ________ processes in development.

Define context,culture,and ethnicity and then explain why cross-cultural studies are necessary for a broader understanding of the development of children within a specific context.

Which process of development involves interactions with other people?

According to the ________ view of development,each person is described as passing through a sequence of stages in which change is qualitatively rather than quantitatively different.

According to Freud's theory,as children experience the demands and constraints of reality,a new structure of personality emerges.It deals with the demands of reality and uses reasoning to make decisions.This structure of personality is known as the