Question 1

Jeremy Bentham was a proponent of utilitarianism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

To a __________ ,whether telling a lie in a given instance would produce greater pleasure than telling the truth is less important than deciding if a general practice of lying would maximize society's pleasure.

Accepted Answer

A) deontologist 
B) rule utilitarian 
C) ethical fundamentalist 
D) ethical relativist 
A) deontologist 
B) rule utilitarian 
C) ethical fundamentalist 
D) ethical relativist

Question 3

Kohlberg believed that all people reach the third stage of moral development by adulthood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Ethical issues in business settings include corporate governance,whistle-blowing,shareholder voting,and management's duties to shareholders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which arguments oppose business involvement in socially responsible activities?

Accepted Answer

A) Lack of corporate focus on profitability. 
B) Unfairness to company employees and shareholders. 
C) Lack of accountability. 
D) All of the above. 
E) (a) and (c), but not (b) 
A) Lack of corporate focus on profitability. 
B) Unfairness to company employees and shareholders. 
C) Lack of accountability. 
D) All of the above. 
E) (a) and (c), but not (b)

Question 6

Analyze whether telling a lie is unethical in terms of each of the following ethical theories:
a.The deontological approach.
b.Utilitarianism.
c.Intuitionism and the "Television Test."
d.Ethical relativism.
e.Ethical fundamentalism.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary but should generally c

Question 7

In what way or ways are situational ethics and ethical relativism similar?

Accepted Answer

A) They both look to a central authority or set of rules to guide ethical decision-making. 
B) They both assess each separate act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain. 
C) They both judge actions from the perspective of the actor. 
D) All of the above. 
A) They both look to a central authority or set of rules to guide ethical decision-making. 
B) They both assess each separate act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain. 
C) They both judge actions from the perspective of the actor. 
D) All of the above.

Question 8

Kant's philosophy rejects the idea that the end justifies the means.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the libertarian social ethics theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Libertarians stress market outcomes as the basis for distributing society's rewards. 
B) Libertarians encourage social control over all people in order to design an equitable society. 
C) Libertarians believe it is just for society to take wealth earned by some citizens and distribute it to those who did not directly earn it. 
D) The fact that some people end up with fortunes while others are poor proves only that absolute power corrupts absolutely. 
A) Libertarians stress market outcomes as the basis for distributing society's rewards. 
B) Libertarians encourage social control over all people in order to design an equitable society. 
C) Libertarians believe it is just for society to take wealth earned by some citizens and distribute it to those who did not directly earn it. 
D) The fact that some people end up with fortunes while others are poor proves only that absolute power corrupts absolutely.

Question 10

To a libertarian,it is unjust for a society to take wealth earned by one citizen and to distribute it to others who did not earn it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

How does Immanuel Kant's approach to ethical decision-making differ from that of an ethical fundamentalist?

Accepted Answer

A) Kant's approach is premised on the rationality of human beings and not on principles handed down from above. 
B) Kant's approach stresses liberty and not justice. 
C) Kant's approach judges society in moral terms by how it distributes goods and services. 
D) Kant's approach assesses each separate act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain. 
A) Kant's approach is premised on the rationality of human beings and not on principles handed down from above. 
B) Kant's approach stresses liberty and not justice. 
C) Kant's approach judges society in moral terms by how it distributes goods and services. 
D) Kant's approach assesses each separate act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain.

Question 12

If a Middle Eastern culture and the American culture differ as to the morality of a particular action,under ethical relativism:

Accepted Answer

A) both cultures are correct. 
B) the action should be assessed to determine whether the action produces more net pleasure compared with net pain. 
C) a cost-benefit analysis should be conducted to determine the relative economic efficiency of the action. 
D) the action should be viewed through a "veil of ignorance" to determine whether it is ethical. 
A) both cultures are correct. 
B) the action should be assessed to determine whether the action produces more net pleasure compared with net pain. 
C) a cost-benefit analysis should be conducted to determine the relative economic efficiency of the action. 
D) the action should be viewed through a "veil of ignorance" to determine whether it is ethical.

Question 13

Situational ethics,unlike ethical relativism,judges a person's ethics,but first looks at the decision or act from the perspective of the actor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Like legal analyses,analyses of ethics have a central authority and follow clear-cut,universal standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is a common criticism of ethical relativism?

Accepted Answer

A) It promotes open-mindedness and tolerance. 
B) It assumes that a person's actions are always correct for that person, but if that is true, then all behavior is, by definition, moral. 
C) It is rigid and excessively formal. 
D) It is too judgmental. 
A) It promotes open-mindedness and tolerance. 
B) It assumes that a person's actions are always correct for that person, but if that is true, then all behavior is, by definition, moral. 
C) It is rigid and excessively formal. 
D) It is too judgmental.

Question 16

The essential characteristic of ethical fundamentalism is a reliance upon a central repository of wisdom.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Corporations are subject to a higher standard of accountability than are public bodies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The type of moral equality espoused by John Rawls is:

Accepted Answer

A) freedom to do what one wishes. 
B) social and material equality. 
C) freedom from government regulation. 
D) equality of opportunity. 
A) freedom to do what one wishes. 
B) social and material equality. 
C) freedom from government regulation. 
D) equality of opportunity.

Question 19

Critics of business offer all but which of the following arguments to support their contention that business must help resolve societal problems?

Accepted Answer

A) Social contract. 
B) The more responsibly companies act, the less government must regulate them. 
C) Involvement in social causes makes good business sense. 
D) Expertise. 
A) Social contract. 
B) The more responsibly companies act, the less government must regulate them. 
C) Involvement in social causes makes good business sense. 
D) Expertise.

Question 20

Neal is the young,likable,optimistic,and generous son of a prominent public official.He has a master's degree in business and is the business partner of Ken and Bill in an oil drilling and exploration business.Neal also serves as a director on the board of the Bonanza Savings and Loan Association.While serving on the Bonanza Board,Neal votes to approve major loans to Ken and Bill without disclosing to the other directors that he is a business partner of Ken and Bill.Neal also personally arranges for a $900,000 line of credit from Bonanza for an oil drilling venture in which he is a partner with Ken.The drilling venture is unsuccessful and Ken and Bill both default on their loans to Bonanza,which then causes the S & L to become insolvent.Federal banking officials seize Bonanza and liquidate its assets to pay creditors and depositors.Because Bonanza is federally insured,tax money is also used to pay off depositors whose deposits are insured under federal programs.Bonanza shareholders lose their investment money.Was Neal's conduct as a director of Bonanza ethical? Analyze his conduct in light of the following ethical theories:
a.Intuitionism and the "Television Test."
b.Milton Friedman's ideas on corporate governance.
c.Deontological theories.
d.Rule utilitarianism.
e.Ethical relativism.

Accepted Answer

Student answers will vary greatly but sh

Exam 2: Business Ethics

Jeremy Bentham was a proponent of utilitarianism.

To a __________ ,whether telling a lie in a given instance would produce greater pleasure than telling the truth is less important than deciding if a general practice of lying would maximize society's pleasure.

Kohlberg believed that all people reach the third stage of moral development by adulthood.

Ethical issues in business settings include corporate governance,whistle-blowing,shareholder voting,and management's duties to shareholders.

Which arguments oppose business involvement in socially responsible activities?

Analyze whether telling a lie is unethical in terms of each of the following ethical theories: a.The deontological approach. b.Utilitarianism. c.Intuitionism and the "Television Test." d.Ethical relativism. e.Ethical fundamentalism.

In what way or ways are situational ethics and ethical relativism similar?

Kant's philosophy rejects the idea that the end justifies the means.

Which of the following best describes the libertarian social ethics theory?

To a libertarian,it is unjust for a society to take wealth earned by one citizen and to distribute it to others who did not earn it.

How does Immanuel Kant's approach to ethical decision-making differ from that of an ethical fundamentalist?

If a Middle Eastern culture and the American culture differ as to the morality of a particular action,under ethical relativism:

Situational ethics,unlike ethical relativism,judges a person's ethics,but first looks at the decision or act from the perspective of the actor.

Like legal analyses,analyses of ethics have a central authority and follow clear-cut,universal standards.

Which of the following is a common criticism of ethical relativism?

The essential characteristic of ethical fundamentalism is a reliance upon a central repository of wisdom.

Corporations are subject to a higher standard of accountability than are public bodies.

The type of moral equality espoused by John Rawls is:

Critics of business offer all but which of the following arguments to support their contention that business must help resolve societal problems?

Introduction to Law

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