Question 1

Environmental protection has been proven to __________ the number of available jobs because __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease; it limits the use of nonrenewable resources (as in the case of the logging industry) 
B)  increase; labor is usually substituted for natural resources (as in the case of recycling) 
C)  stabilize; the use of nonrenewable resources is stabilized and jobs are scarce anyway 
D)  decrease; it negatively affects economic growth 
E)  stabilize; it limits the use of nonrenewable resources (as in the case of the logging industry) 
A)  decrease; it limits the use of nonrenewable resources (as in the case of the logging industry) 
B)  increase; labor is usually substituted for natural resources (as in the case of recycling) 
C)  stabilize; the use of nonrenewable resources is stabilized and jobs are scarce anyway 
D)  decrease; it negatively affects economic growth 
E)  stabilize; it limits the use of nonrenewable resources (as in the case of the logging industry)

Question 2

According to the principle of new urbanism, what is the ideal size of a city?

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 15,000 people 
B)  15,000-30,000 
C)  30,000-50,000 
D)  50,000-100,000 
E)  up to 150,000 
A)  less than 15,000 people 
B)  15,000-30,000 
C)  30,000-50,000 
D)  50,000-100,000 
E)  up to 150,000

Question 3

Slums are usually dwelling places that are

Accepted Answer

A)  illegal and built by squatters. 
B)  legal but have inadequate living conditions. 
C)  small but up to city code. 
D)  condemned by the city but illegally occupied. 
E)  on undeveloped lands in the outskirts of a city. 
A)  illegal and built by squatters. 
B)  legal but have inadequate living conditions. 
C)  small but up to city code. 
D)  condemned by the city but illegally occupied. 
E)  on undeveloped lands in the outskirts of a city.

Question 4

The idea of a steady-state economy was developed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Thomas Malthus 
B)  John Stuart Mill 
C)  Adam Smith 
D)  Henry David Thoreau 
E)  Karl Marx 
A)  Thomas Malthus 
B)  John Stuart Mill 
C)  Adam Smith 
D)  Henry David Thoreau 
E)  Karl Marx

Question 5

An example of an intangible resource, or one that is difficult to place a monetary value on, is

Accepted Answer

A)  solar energy. 
B)  satisfaction. 
C)  human labor. 
D)  capital. 
E)  extinct species. 
A)  solar energy. 
B)  satisfaction. 
C)  human labor. 
D)  capital. 
E)  extinct species.

Question 6

International trade of goods internalizes costs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Use the following scenario to answer the question. A large lending institution is evaluating the long-term pros and cons of building a hydroelectric dam in the Amazon rainforest. First, the lending institution is identifying the appropriate factors and then quantifying them. The factors include, but are not limited to, the direct expenses of building the dam, the lost opportunities from placing a dam on the river, and the profit from the dam. Also included is an analysis of who will be affected by the dam.
-Which of the following is not a major criticism of this type of analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are willing to answer questions about how much they would spend to save the Amazon rainforest. 
B)  The quantification process compares the value of the lives of indigenous people's lives with the lives of people in the city who would be receiving the electricity. 
C)  The focus of this type of analysis would be mainly on the hydroelectric project rather than alternatives. 
D)  Monetary values are placed on intangible things like the river running freely. 
E)  These are all criticisms of this type of analysis. 
A)  People are willing to answer questions about how much they would spend to save the Amazon rainforest. 
B)  The quantification process compares the value of the lives of indigenous people's lives with the lives of people in the city who would be receiving the electricity. 
C)  The focus of this type of analysis would be mainly on the hydroelectric project rather than alternatives. 
D)  Monetary values are placed on intangible things like the river running freely. 
E)  These are all criticisms of this type of analysis.

Question 8

Use the following scenario to answer the question. A large lending institution is evaluating the long-term pros and cons of building a hydroelectric dam in the Amazon rainforest. First, the lending institution is identifying the appropriate factors and then quantifying them. The factors include, but are not limited to, the direct expenses of building the dam, the lost opportunities from placing a dam on the river, and the profit from the dam. Also included is an analysis of who will be affected by the dam.
-What is the name of the process the lending institution is going through?

Accepted Answer

A)  a long-term analysis 
B)  a supply-demand analysis 
C)  a tangible-intangible cost analysis 
D)  a benefit-need ratio analysis 
E)  a cost-benefit analysis 
A)  a long-term analysis 
B)  a supply-demand analysis 
C)  a tangible-intangible cost analysis 
D)  a benefit-need ratio analysis 
E)  a cost-benefit analysis

Question 9

Ecological economics is different from the other economic theories because it recognizes the

Accepted Answer

A)  scarcity of natural capital. 
B)  recycling of ecological processes and the scarcity of manufactured capital. 
C)  abundance of natural capital. 
D)  fragility of the human economy and power of ecological systems. 
E)  human economy as one part of a dynamic world system. 
A)  scarcity of natural capital. 
B)  recycling of ecological processes and the scarcity of manufactured capital. 
C)  abundance of natural capital. 
D)  fragility of the human economy and power of ecological systems. 
E)  human economy as one part of a dynamic world system.

Question 10

Suburbs are known for the presence of artistic and cultural opportunities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the

Accepted Answer

A)  development of agriculture. 
B)  beginning of the twentieth century. 
C)  invention of commerce and religion. 
D)  industrial revolution. 
E)  invention of record keeping. 
A)  development of agriculture. 
B)  beginning of the twentieth century. 
C)  invention of commerce and religion. 
D)  industrial revolution. 
E)  invention of record keeping.

Question 12

In 2000, what continent had the highest percentage of people living in urban areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  North America 
B)  Europe 
C)  Asia 
D)  South America 
E)  Africa 
A)  North America 
B)  Europe 
C)  Asia 
D)  South America 
E)  Africa

Question 13

An open access system will lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  smart growth. 
B)  sustainable development. 
C)  tragedy of the commons. 
D)  urban sprawl. 
A)  smart growth. 
B)  sustainable development. 
C)  tragedy of the commons. 
D)  urban sprawl.

Question 14

The dilemma of public property use presented by Garret Hardin is also called the "free rider problem."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Businesses are now willing to become "green" because

Accepted Answer

A)  it improves their public image. 
B)  it saves money. 
C)  doing so is expensive but makes good advertising. 
D)  doing so improves their image and saves money in the end. 
E)  they need to obey laws and comply with government regulations. 
A)  it improves their public image. 
B)  it saves money. 
C)  doing so is expensive but makes good advertising. 
D)  doing so improves their image and saves money in the end. 
E)  they need to obey laws and comply with government regulations.

Question 16

Which would not be a goal of smart growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of noise, air and water pollution 
B)  increased access to artistic and cultural opportunities 
C)  reduction of substandard housing 
D)  improved communication among members of the community 
E)  housing areas remote from work and shopping areas 
A)  reduction of noise, air and water pollution 
B)  increased access to artistic and cultural opportunities 
C)  reduction of substandard housing 
D)  improved communication among members of the community 
E)  housing areas remote from work and shopping areas

Question 17

Natural capital is that which is created by

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial processes. 
B)  human labor. 
C)  natural Earth processes. 
D)  animal labor. 
A)  industrial processes. 
B)  human labor. 
C)  natural Earth processes. 
D)  animal labor.

Question 18

A megacity is defined as having more than 50 million residents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is a push factor for urban growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  jobs in rural manufacturing 
B)  unemployment in farming communities 
C)  better access to education at big universities 
D)  high unemployment in cities 
E)  opportunities for specialization in an occupation 
A)  jobs in rural manufacturing 
B)  unemployment in farming communities 
C)  better access to education at big universities 
D)  high unemployment in cities 
E)  opportunities for specialization in an occupation

Environmental protection has been proven to the number of available jobs because .

According to the principle of new urbanism, what is the ideal size of a city?

Slums are usually dwelling places that are

The idea of a steady-state economy was developed by

An example of an intangible resource, or one that is difficult to place a monetary value on, is

International trade of goods internalizes costs.

Ecological economics is different from the other economic theories because it recognizes the

Suburbs are known for the presence of artistic and cultural opportunities.

Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the

In 2000, what continent had the highest percentage of people living in urban areas?

An open access system will lead to

The dilemma of public property use presented by Garret Hardin is also called the "free rider problem."

Businesses are now willing to become "green" because

Which would not be a goal of smart growth?

Natural capital is that which is created by

A megacity is defined as having more than 50 million residents.

Which of the following is a push factor for urban growth?

Understanding Our Environment

Environmental Systems: Matter and Energy of Life

Evolution, Species Interactions, and Biological Communities

Human Populations

Biomes and Biodiversity

Environmental Conservation: Forests, Grasslands, Parks, and Nature Preserves

Food and Agriculture

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Climate

Air Pollution

Water: Resources and Pollution

Environmental Geology and Earth Resources

Energy

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Policy and Sustainability

Filters

Exam 15: Economics and Urbanization

Environmental protection has been proven to __________ the number of available jobs because __________.

According to the principle of new urbanism, what is the ideal size of a city?

Slums are usually dwelling places that are

The idea of a steady-state economy was developed by

An example of an intangible resource, or one that is difficult to place a monetary value on, is

International trade of goods internalizes costs.

Ecological economics is different from the other economic theories because it recognizes the

Suburbs are known for the presence of artistic and cultural opportunities.

Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the

In 2000, what continent had the highest percentage of people living in urban areas?

An open access system will lead to

The dilemma of public property use presented by Garret Hardin is also called the "free rider problem."

Businesses are now willing to become "green" because

Which would not be a goal of smart growth?

Natural capital is that which is created by

A megacity is defined as having more than 50 million residents.

Which of the following is a push factor for urban growth?

Understanding Our Environment

Environmental Systems: Matter and Energy of Life

Evolution, Species Interactions, and Biological Communities

Human Populations

Biomes and Biodiversity

Environmental Conservation: Forests, Grasslands, Parks, and Nature Preserves

Food and Agriculture

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Climate

Air Pollution

Water: Resources and Pollution

Environmental Geology and Earth Resources

Energy

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Environmental Policy and Sustainability

Filters

Environmental protection has been proven to the number of available jobs because .