Exam 18: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balances

The nurse is caring for a patient who has just been found in respiratory arrest.Which laboratory values will the RN expect to find in the patient's chart?

Order: 500 mL D₅W to infuse at 100 mL/hour IV tubing: 10 drops/mL The IV bag was hung at 12:00 noon. What time will the IV bag be completed? _____

The patient is scheduled for hip replacement surgery and significant blood loss is expected.What is the best possible action of the patient to reduce the risk of transfusion complications?

Which is the highest priority of the nurse immediately after withdrawing the needle from the IV catheter after venipuncture?

The nurse works on the cardiac unit of a hospital.The health care provider has ordered 20 mEq of KCl per L to be added to the fluids that the patient is receiving.The patient currently has a bag of D₅W IV fluid infusing.Which is the priority action of the nurse?

Which patient has the greatest risk for extracellular fluid volume (ECV)deficit?

Which patients can receive a unit of A+ blood?

Order: IV 500 mL 0.9% NS to infuse over 10 hours IV tubing: 10 drops/mL What will the infusion pump rate be set at-how many mL/hour? ____

Which assessment findings indicate that the patient has developed fluid overload as a result of transfusing two units of packed red blood cells?

The nurse is caring for a patient who is very malnourished and laboratory results show that the patient's albumin level is extremely low.Which finding would the nurse expect to observe during the patient's physical assessment?

A patient reports chills,dizziness,and feeling hot during a blood transfusion.What are the appropriate actions of the nurse?

The nurse is caring for a patient with a sodium level of 156 mEq/L due to diabetes insipidus.Which is the highest priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

The nurse is caring for a dyspneic patient with a long history of smoking.The blood gas report shows a pH of 7.33,PaCO₂ of 47,PaO₂ of 78,and HCO₃⁻ of 26.What is the patient's acid-base status?

The nurse is caring for a diabetic patient with a blood sugar of 879 mg/dL,and notes the patient has fruity breath,and Kussmaul respirations.Which acid-base imbalance should the nurse expect?

Approximately 30 minutes into the transfusion of this blood product,the patient becomes short of breath with wheezing,low BP,and hives.Which medication must be administered to the patient immediately?

Order: 500 mL D₅W to infuse at 50 mL/hour IV tubing: 10 drops/mL How many mL will infuse over the nurse's 12 hour shift? _____

Which intake and output measurement can the nurse delegate to the nursing assistant?

Which complication is suspected when the patient's IV site is swollen,cool,and pale with no blood return?

Which is the best method for measuring the patient's daily weight?

Lactated Ringer's solution is administered to the patient during surgery.What is the purpose of this infusion?