Question 1

The nurse researcher understands that the levels of measurement,from low to high,are

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal,interval,ratio,and ordinal. 
B)  nominal,ordinal,ratio,and interval. 
C)  nominal,ordinal,interval,and ratio. 
D)  nominal,interval,ordinal,and ratio. 
A)  nominal,interval,ratio,and ordinal. 
B)  nominal,ordinal,ratio,and interval. 
C)  nominal,ordinal,interval,and ratio. 
D)  nominal,interval,ordinal,and ratio.

Question 2

Which possible outcome of a screening test for a disease indicates accurately that a disease is not present?

Accepted Answer

A)  True positive 
B)  False positive 
C)  True negative 
D)  False negative 
A)  True positive 
B)  False positive 
C)  True negative 
D)  False negative

Question 3

A researcher conducts a study to examine the effects of breastfeeding on infant weight at age 6 months.Which type of measurement is used to measure the infants' weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Direct 
B)  Indirect 
C)  Nominal 
D)  Ordinal 
A)  Direct 
B)  Indirect 
C)  Nominal 
D)  Ordinal

Question 4

A researcher evaluates a measurement tool by administering the tool to a group of subjects every 2 weeks for 8 weeks.This is a measure of the tool's

Accepted Answer

A)  alternate forms reliability. 
B)  internal consistency reliability. 
C)  interrater reliability. 
D)  test-retest reliability. 
A)  alternate forms reliability. 
B)  internal consistency reliability. 
C)  interrater reliability. 
D)  test-retest reliability.

Question 5

When documenting reports that previous research has demonstrated the accuracy of a physiological measure,the researcher is addressing the measure's

Accepted Answer

A)  equivalence. 
B)  homogeneity. 
C)  reliability. 
D)  validity. 
A)  equivalence. 
B)  homogeneity. 
C)  reliability. 
D)  validity.

Question 6

An instrument that detects the presence of streptococcal antibodies is negative.Before reporting the absence of disease,the researcher must determine whether this result might be a

Accepted Answer

A)  false negative. 
B)  false positive. 
C)  gold standard. 
D)  true positive. 
A)  false negative. 
B)  false positive. 
C)  gold standard. 
D)  true positive.

Question 7

A researcher evaluates whether a tool addresses the major elements of the construct being studied.This helps to ensure

Accepted Answer

A)  content validity. 
B)  equivalence. 
C)  internal consistency. 
D)  readability level. 
A)  content validity. 
B)  equivalence. 
C)  internal consistency. 
D)  readability level.

Question 8

A researcher may use which strategy to reduce the potential for measurement error when evaluating obesity in study subjects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Measure weight,abdominal girth,and BMI on all subjects. 
B)  Train multiple data collectors to take measurements. 
C)  Use scales in several different clinical settings to obtain data. 
D)  Utilize a single measure,such as BMI,applied to all subjects. 
A)  Measure weight,abdominal girth,and BMI on all subjects. 
B)  Train multiple data collectors to take measurements. 
C)  Use scales in several different clinical settings to obtain data. 
D)  Utilize a single measure,such as BMI,applied to all subjects.

Question 9

The type of validity that focuses on the extent to which an individual's score on an instrument or scale can be used to estimate his or her present or concurrent performance on another variable or criterion is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  concurrent validity. 
B)  content validity. 
C)  construct validity. 
D)  predictive validity. 
A)  concurrent validity. 
B)  content validity. 
C)  construct validity. 
D)  predictive validity.

Question 10

Which generally is an advantage of using primary data in a research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows researchers to conduct more longitudinal studies. 
B)  It has greater specificity to the study purpose. 
C)  It puts less burden on study participants. 
D)  It reduces the cost of data collection. 
A)  It allows researchers to conduct more longitudinal studies. 
B)  It has greater specificity to the study purpose. 
C)  It puts less burden on study participants. 
D)  It reduces the cost of data collection.

Question 11

A researcher wishes to evaluate the reliability of a visual analog pain scale in a group of postoperative patients.The best way to do this is to compare results

Accepted Answer

A)  to results of the test when given to another set of subjects. 
B)  to results from the same subjects using the FACES rating scale. 
C)  to results from a previous measure with a different visual analog scale. 
D)  to results from a group of subjects who have minimal or no pain. 
A)  to results of the test when given to another set of subjects. 
B)  to results from the same subjects using the FACES rating scale. 
C)  to results from a previous measure with a different visual analog scale. 
D)  to results from a group of subjects who have minimal or no pain.

Question 12

In a study evaluating pulse oximetry measures in infants,a researcher notes that the pulse oximeter probes are attached to infants' feet in different ways.This represents which type of measurement error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Environmental 
B)  Equipment 
C)  Subject 
D)  User 
A)  Environmental 
B)  Equipment 
C)  Subject 
D)  User

Question 13

A nursing professor administers three versions of a final examination to a class of students and compares the examinations for reliability.This is a measure of

Accepted Answer

A)  homogeneity. 
B)  interrater reliability. 
C)  equivalence. 
D)  test-retest reliability. 
A)  homogeneity. 
B)  interrater reliability. 
C)  equivalence. 
D)  test-retest reliability.

Question 14

Which can be measured using direct measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anxiety level 
B)  Blood pressure 
C)  Diagnosis 
D)  Feelings 
A)  Anxiety level 
B)  Blood pressure 
C)  Diagnosis 
D)  Feelings

Question 15

Which is a true statement about measurement theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  A measurement method used by one individual will consistently produce different results when used by another individual. 
B)  Measurement theory was recently developed by musicians,statisticians,and other scholars to guide how things are measured. 
C)  The purpose of measurement is to obtain trustworthy data that can be used to address the study purpose and objectives,questions,or hypotheses. 
D)  The levels of measurement,from low to high,are ratio,interval,nominal,and ordinal. 
A)  A measurement method used by one individual will consistently produce different results when used by another individual. 
B)  Measurement theory was recently developed by musicians,statisticians,and other scholars to guide how things are measured. 
C)  The purpose of measurement is to obtain trustworthy data that can be used to address the study purpose and objectives,questions,or hypotheses. 
D)  The levels of measurement,from low to high,are ratio,interval,nominal,and ordinal.

Question 16

Which of the following are true statements about a Likert scale? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  It is designed to determine the opinions or attitudes of study subjects. 
B)  It is the least commonly used of the scaling techniques. 
C)  The original version of the scale included three response categories. 
D)  Sometimes seven options are given on a response scale,sometimes only four. 
E)  It usually consists of 10 to 20 items,each addressing an element of the concept being measures. 
A)  It is designed to determine the opinions or attitudes of study subjects. 
B)  It is the least commonly used of the scaling techniques. 
C)  The original version of the scale included three response categories. 
D)  Sometimes seven options are given on a response scale,sometimes only four. 
E)  It usually consists of 10 to 20 items,each addressing an element of the concept being measures.

Question 17

A researcher conducts a study to identify the relationship of lifestyle choices to the development of chronic diseases.The researcher surveys subjects and identifies diabetes mellitus,coronary artery disease,and renal disease in study subjects.These measures represent which level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interval 
B)  Nominal 
C)  Ordinal 
D)  Ratio 
A)  Interval 
B)  Nominal 
C)  Ordinal 
D)  Ratio

Question 18

A researcher reviews study data about head circumference in newborns and notes that study personnel are measuring from the end of the measuring tape and not from the zero point,which is 1 cm from the end.This is an example of which type of measurement error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indirect 
B)  Random 
C)  Reliability 
D)  Systematic 
A)  Indirect 
B)  Random 
C)  Reliability 
D)  Systematic

Question 19

A researcher studying the effects of an intervention on symptoms measures the time from intervention to absence of symptoms and reports this in the number of days.This measure represents which level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interval 
B)  Nominal 
C)  Ordinal 
D)  Ratio 
A)  Interval 
B)  Nominal 
C)  Ordinal 
D)  Ratio

Question 20

Which data represent the lowest form of measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Levels of anxiety on a scale from mild to severe 
B)  Race and ethnicity classification 
C)  Temperature of subjects after an intervention 
D)  Weight,height,and body mass index 
A)  Levels of anxiety on a scale from mild to severe 
B)  Race and ethnicity classification 
C)  Temperature of subjects after an intervention 
D)  Weight,height,and body mass index

The nurse researcher understands that the levels of measurement,from low to high,are

Which possible outcome of a screening test for a disease indicates accurately that a disease is not present?

A researcher conducts a study to examine the effects of breastfeeding on infant weight at age 6 months.Which type of measurement is used to measure the infants' weight?

A researcher evaluates a measurement tool by administering the tool to a group of subjects every 2 weeks for 8 weeks.This is a measure of the tool's

When documenting reports that previous research has demonstrated the accuracy of a physiological measure,the researcher is addressing the measure's

An instrument that detects the presence of streptococcal antibodies is negative.Before reporting the absence of disease,the researcher must determine whether this result might be a

A researcher evaluates whether a tool addresses the major elements of the construct being studied.This helps to ensure

A researcher may use which strategy to reduce the potential for measurement error when evaluating obesity in study subjects?

The type of validity that focuses on the extent to which an individual's score on an instrument or scale can be used to estimate his or her present or concurrent performance on another variable or criterion is known as

Which generally is an advantage of using primary data in a research study?

A researcher wishes to evaluate the reliability of a visual analog pain scale in a group of postoperative patients.The best way to do this is to compare results

In a study evaluating pulse oximetry measures in infants,a researcher notes that the pulse oximeter probes are attached to infants' feet in different ways.This represents which type of measurement error?

A nursing professor administers three versions of a final examination to a class of students and compares the examinations for reliability.This is a measure of

Which can be measured using direct measurement?

Which is a true statement about measurement theory?

Which of the following are true statements about a Likert scale? Select all that apply.

A researcher conducts a study to identify the relationship of lifestyle choices to the development of chronic diseases.The researcher surveys subjects and identifies diabetes mellitus,coronary artery disease,and renal disease in study subjects.These measures represent which level of measurement?

A researcher reviews study data about head circumference in newborns and notes that study personnel are measuring from the end of the measuring tape and not from the zero point,which is 1 cm from the end.This is an example of which type of measurement error?

A researcher studying the effects of an intervention on symptoms measures the time from intervention to absence of symptoms and reports this in the number of days.This measure represents which level of measurement?

Which data represent the lowest form of measurement?

Introduction to Nursing Research and Its Importance in Building an Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Examining Ethics in Nursing Research

Examining Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses

Understanding and Critically Appraising the Literature Review

Understanding Theory and Research Frameworks

Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs

Examining Populations and Samples in Research

Understanding Statistics in Research

Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice

Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice

Introduction to Additional Research Methodologies in Nursing: Mixed Methods and Outcomes Research

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Exam 10: Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research

The nurse researcher understands that the levels of measurement,from low to high,are

Which possible outcome of a screening test for a disease indicates accurately that a disease is not present?

A researcher conducts a study to examine the effects of breastfeeding on infant weight at age 6 months.Which type of measurement is used to measure the infants' weight?

A researcher evaluates a measurement tool by administering the tool to a group of subjects every 2 weeks for 8 weeks.This is a measure of the tool's

When documenting reports that previous research has demonstrated the accuracy of a physiological measure,the researcher is addressing the measure's

An instrument that detects the presence of streptococcal antibodies is negative.Before reporting the absence of disease,the researcher must determine whether this result might be a

A researcher evaluates whether a tool addresses the major elements of the construct being studied.This helps to ensure

A researcher may use which strategy to reduce the potential for measurement error when evaluating obesity in study subjects?

The type of validity that focuses on the extent to which an individual's score on an instrument or scale can be used to estimate his or her present or concurrent performance on another variable or criterion is known as

Which generally is an advantage of using primary data in a research study?

A researcher wishes to evaluate the reliability of a visual analog pain scale in a group of postoperative patients.The best way to do this is to compare results

In a study evaluating pulse oximetry measures in infants,a researcher notes that the pulse oximeter probes are attached to infants' feet in different ways.This represents which type of measurement error?

A nursing professor administers three versions of a final examination to a class of students and compares the examinations for reliability.This is a measure of

Which can be measured using direct measurement?

Which is a true statement about measurement theory?

Which of the following are true statements about a Likert scale? Select all that apply.

A researcher conducts a study to identify the relationship of lifestyle choices to the development of chronic diseases.The researcher surveys subjects and identifies diabetes mellitus,coronary artery disease,and renal disease in study subjects.These measures represent which level of measurement?

A researcher reviews study data about head circumference in newborns and notes that study personnel are measuring from the end of the measuring tape and not from the zero point,which is 1 cm from the end.This is an example of which type of measurement error?

A researcher studying the effects of an intervention on symptoms measures the time from intervention to absence of symptoms and reports this in the number of days.This measure represents which level of measurement?

Which data represent the lowest form of measurement?

Introduction to Nursing Research and Its Importance in Building an Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to Quantitative Research

Introduction to Qualitative Research

Examining Ethics in Nursing Research

Examining Research Problems, Purposes, and Hypotheses

Understanding and Critically Appraising the Literature Review

Understanding Theory and Research Frameworks

Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs

Examining Populations and Samples in Research

Understanding Statistics in Research

Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice

Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice

Introduction to Additional Research Methodologies in Nursing: Mixed Methods and Outcomes Research

Filters