Question 1

Internalizing external costs

Accepted Answer

A) involves making the market price approach the true cost of an economic good. 
B) fails to include the cost of pollution. 
C) omits the costs of taxes. 
D) increases the chance for environmental degradation. 
E) lowers the cost of goods and services. 
A) involves making the market price approach the true cost of an economic good. 
B) fails to include the cost of pollution. 
C) omits the costs of taxes. 
D) increases the chance for environmental degradation. 
E) lowers the cost of goods and services.

Question 2

Adding external costs to the cost of goods and services would counter the amount people now pay for poor health, high-priced insurance, and other pollution control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

People calling for more environmental stewardship generally believe that

Accepted Answer

A) pure capitalism should be used to make our economic decisions. 
B) better science and technology can fix our problems. 
C) we have an ethical responsibility to be caring managers of the earth. 
D) a mixture of market-based competition, improved technology, and government intervention can solve our problems. 
E) ecosystems have little instrumental value. 
A) pure capitalism should be used to make our economic decisions. 
B) better science and technology can fix our problems. 
C) we have an ethical responsibility to be caring managers of the earth. 
D) a mixture of market-based competition, improved technology, and government intervention can solve our problems. 
E) ecosystems have little instrumental value.

Question 4

Neoclassical, ecological, and environmental economists believe there has to be a balance between economic growth and environmental preservation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Eco-labeling

Accepted Answer

A) helps environmentalists recognize each other. 
B) is used by governments to identify individuals who matter. 
C) requires disposable labels and is environmentally unsound. 
D) identifies products produced by environmentally sound methods. 
E) helps scientists identify fragile ecosystems. 
A) helps environmentalists recognize each other. 
B) is used by governments to identify individuals who matter. 
C) requires disposable labels and is environmentally unsound. 
D) identifies products produced by environmentally sound methods. 
E) helps scientists identify fragile ecosystems.

Question 6

The precautionary principle is guided by the idea that we must make decisions that prevent a problem from occurring or worsening.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Oil and gas development, mining and logging are permitted in national wildlife refuges.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The science of economics examines

Accepted Answer

A) the ways in which people become rich. 
B) methods for saving money. 
C) methods for spending money. 
D) the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. 
E) the increase of GDP. 
A) the ways in which people become rich. 
B) methods for saving money. 
C) methods for spending money. 
D) the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. 
E) the increase of GDP.

Question 9

Poverty is usually defined as

Accepted Answer

A) not being able to live sustainably 
B) not being able to meet one's basic economic needs. 
C) earning less than $100 per year. 
D) meeting one's dietary needs on a day-to-day basis 
E) not owning one's own home. 
A) not being able to live sustainably 
B) not being able to meet one's basic economic needs. 
C) earning less than $100 per year. 
D) meeting one's dietary needs on a day-to-day basis 
E) not owning one's own home.

Question 10

Environmental economists

Accepted Answer

A) view the earth's natural capital as a subset of human economic systems. 
B) advocate refining existing economic systems to be sustainable systems of the biosphere. 
C) see the potential of economic growth as unlimited. 
D) believe high waste economies are desirable as long as waste and pollution are managed. 
E) prioritize the efficient flow of resources as inputs to economic systems. 
A) view the earth's natural capital as a subset of human economic systems. 
B) advocate refining existing economic systems to be sustainable systems of the biosphere. 
C) see the potential of economic growth as unlimited. 
D) believe high waste economies are desirable as long as waste and pollution are managed. 
E) prioritize the efficient flow of resources as inputs to economic systems.

Question 11

The United States' per capita gross domestic product (GDP) increased substantially more than the per capita genuine progress indicator (GPI) from 1950 to 2002.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The models of ecological economists focus on

Accepted Answer

A) resource conservation, sustainable economic development, and full-cost pricing. 
B) eliminating the national debt while maintaining government subsidies. 
C) maximizing the flow of matter and energy resources. 
D) minimizing the costs associated with pollution by whatever means necessary. 
E) minimizing the flow of matter and energy resources. 
A) resource conservation, sustainable economic development, and full-cost pricing. 
B) eliminating the national debt while maintaining government subsidies. 
C) maximizing the flow of matter and energy resources. 
D) minimizing the costs associated with pollution by whatever means necessary. 
E) minimizing the flow of matter and energy resources.

Question 13

The Nature Conservancy, World Wildlife Fund, Greenpeace and the Grameen Bank are examples of non-governmental organizations working toward environmental conservation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which action least reflects an ecocentric worldview?

Accepted Answer

A) protecting the earth's biodiversity 
B) controlling human population growth 
C) creating better pollution treatment technologies 
D) increasing our dependence on renewable resources 
E) supporting a service-based economy 
A) protecting the earth's biodiversity 
B) controlling human population growth 
C) creating better pollution treatment technologies 
D) increasing our dependence on renewable resources 
E) supporting a service-based economy

Question 15

Which of the following concepts includes all the others?

Accepted Answer

A) economic security 
B) national (military) security 
C) global environmental security 
D) food security 
E) flood security 
A) economic security 
B) national (military) security 
C) global environmental security 
D) food security 
E) flood security

Question 16

Incentive-based environmental regulation approaches uses market forces to encourage businesses to clean up pollution they have already created.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Three types of resources are used to produce goods and services. They are ____________________, ____________________ and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

natural capital; human capital; manufact

Question 18

The ____________________ principle in evaluating environmental policies states that our understanding of nature and how our actions affect nature is quite limited.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ____________________ principle in evaluating environmental policies...

Question 19

Which of the following least reflects environmentally ethical guidelines regarding ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

A) We should work with nature to sustain ecological integrity. 
B) We should live in ways that do the least harm to environmental systems. 
C) We should focus on the short-term because it's impossible to imagine the long-term. 
D) We should try to understand nature. 
E) We should emphasize nature's high intrinsic value. 
A) We should work with nature to sustain ecological integrity. 
B) We should live in ways that do the least harm to environmental systems. 
C) We should focus on the short-term because it's impossible to imagine the long-term. 
D) We should try to understand nature. 
E) We should emphasize nature's high intrinsic value.

Question 20

Which of the following least reflects environmentally ethical guidelines regarding individual responsibility?

Accepted Answer

A) We should not waste resources. 
B) We should not inflict unnecessary pain on other species. 
C) We should leave the earth in as good or better shape than we found it. 
D) We should make ourselves and our families as comfortable as possible. 
E) We should acknowledge that every species has an intrinsic right to life. 
A) We should not waste resources. 
B) We should not inflict unnecessary pain on other species. 
C) We should leave the earth in as good or better shape than we found it. 
D) We should make ourselves and our families as comfortable as possible. 
E) We should acknowledge that every species has an intrinsic right to life.

Internalizing external costs

Adding external costs to the cost of goods and services would counter the amount people now pay for poor health, high-priced insurance, and other pollution control.

People calling for more environmental stewardship generally believe that

Neoclassical, ecological, and environmental economists believe there has to be a balance between economic growth and environmental preservation.

Eco-labeling

The precautionary principle is guided by the idea that we must make decisions that prevent a problem from occurring or worsening.

Oil and gas development, mining and logging are permitted in national wildlife refuges.

The science of economics examines

Poverty is usually defined as

Environmental economists

The United States' per capita gross domestic product (GDP) increased substantially more than the per capita genuine progress indicator (GPI) from 1950 to 2002.

The models of ecological economists focus on

The Nature Conservancy, World Wildlife Fund, Greenpeace and the Grameen Bank are examples of non-governmental organizations working toward environmental conservation.

Which action least reflects an ecocentric worldview?

Which of the following concepts includes all the others?

Incentive-based environmental regulation approaches uses market forces to encourage businesses to clean up pollution they have already created.

Three types of resources are used to produce goods and services. They are , and .

The ____________________ principle in evaluating environmental policies states that our understanding of nature and how our actions affect nature is quite limited.

Which of the following least reflects environmentally ethical guidelines regarding ecosystems?

Which of the following least reflects environmentally ethical guidelines regarding individual responsibility?

Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems

Biodiversity and Evolution

Community Ecology, Population Ecology, and the Human Population

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Species Approach

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach

Food, Soil, and Pest Management

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Air Pollution, Climate Change, and Ozone Depletion

Urbanization and Solid and Hazardous Waste

Filters

Exam 14: Economics, Politics, Worldviews, and Sustainability

Internalizing external costs

Adding external costs to the cost of goods and services would counter the amount people now pay for poor health, high-priced insurance, and other pollution control.

People calling for more environmental stewardship generally believe that

Neoclassical, ecological, and environmental economists believe there has to be a balance between economic growth and environmental preservation.

Eco-labeling

The precautionary principle is guided by the idea that we must make decisions that prevent a problem from occurring or worsening.

Oil and gas development, mining and logging are permitted in national wildlife refuges.

The science of economics examines

Poverty is usually defined as

Environmental economists

The United States' per capita gross domestic product (GDP) increased substantially more than the per capita genuine progress indicator (GPI) from 1950 to 2002.

The models of ecological economists focus on

The Nature Conservancy, World Wildlife Fund, Greenpeace and the Grameen Bank are examples of non-governmental organizations working toward environmental conservation.

Which action least reflects an ecocentric worldview?

Which of the following concepts includes all the others?

Incentive-based environmental regulation approaches uses market forces to encourage businesses to clean up pollution they have already created.

Three types of resources are used to produce goods and services. They are ____________________, ____________________ and ____________________.

The ____________________ principle in evaluating environmental policies states that our understanding of nature and how our actions affect nature is quite limited.

Which of the following least reflects environmentally ethical guidelines regarding ecosystems?

Which of the following least reflects environmentally ethical guidelines regarding individual responsibility?

Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems

Biodiversity and Evolution

Community Ecology, Population Ecology, and the Human Population

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Species Approach

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach

Food, Soil, and Pest Management

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Air Pollution, Climate Change, and Ozone Depletion

Urbanization and Solid and Hazardous Waste

Filters

Three types of resources are used to produce goods and services. They are , and .