Question 1

The endocrine system is least likely to be disrupted by the intake of

Accepted Answer

A) herbicides. 
B) PCBs. 
C) mercury. 
D) Vitamin E. 
E) DDT. 
A) herbicides. 
B) PCBs. 
C) mercury. 
D) Vitamin E. 
E) DDT.

Question 2

Probability gives us a mathematical estimate that an event is likely to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

How does pollution prevention support the precautionary principle in preventing harm to humans and ecosystems caused by toxic chemicals?

Accepted Answer

In practice, there are far too many natu

Question 4

One problem with the ____________________ is that chemicals would require thorough toxicity screening, making it very expensive to introduce any new chemicals into society.

Accepted Answer

precaution

Question 5

After poverty and gender, the greatest risks people in the United States face are mainly from lifestyle choices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Reducing the amount of human input can decrease the risks associated with a system's reliability. Why is this so? Why is this not always the best solution?

Accepted Answer

Human reliability is much lower than tec

Question 7

DDT is banned in most countries but is still widely used for malaria control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Why is it difficult to estimate chemical toxicity in real life using laboratory experiments?

Accepted Answer

Estimating toxicity in real life using l

Question 9

The influenza virus is typically spread by

Accepted Answer

A) body fluid contact or airborne emissions. 
B) sharing needles. 
C) resistance to cleaning chemicals. 
D) body fluid contact only. 
E) airborne emissions only. 
A) body fluid contact or airborne emissions. 
B) sharing needles. 
C) resistance to cleaning chemicals. 
D) body fluid contact only. 
E) airborne emissions only.

Question 10

Research has indicated that long-term exposure to some chemicals at low doses may disrupt the body's immune, nervous, and endocrine systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Slowing the spread of TB requires

Accepted Answer

A) healthy eating habits. 
B) focusing on the elderly population. 
C) developing a multidrug resistance. 
D) eradicating poverty. 
E) early identification and treatment of people with active TB 
A) healthy eating habits. 
B) focusing on the elderly population. 
C) developing a multidrug resistance. 
D) eradicating poverty. 
E) early identification and treatment of people with active TB

Question 12

Which statement about mercury is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Mercury is found only in the atmosphere. 
B) Mercury slowly breaks down and degrades in the environment. 
C) At high doses, Mercury is a neurotoxin. 
D) Only two states have issued warnings about the mercury content of fish. 
E) The EPA has issued concerns about mercury, but the UNEP has not. 
A) Mercury is found only in the atmosphere. 
B) Mercury slowly breaks down and degrades in the environment. 
C) At high doses, Mercury is a neurotoxin. 
D) Only two states have issued warnings about the mercury content of fish. 
E) The EPA has issued concerns about mercury, but the UNEP has not.

Question 13

Malaria

Accepted Answer

A) cannot be prevented by a vaccine. 
B) is caused by a parasite transmitted in mosquito bites. 
C) is most prominent in colder climates. 
D) control is impossible to implement with antimalarial drugs. 
E) cannot be prevented by spraying mosquitoes with DDT. 
A) cannot be prevented by a vaccine. 
B) is caused by a parasite transmitted in mosquito bites. 
C) is most prominent in colder climates. 
D) control is impossible to implement with antimalarial drugs. 
E) cannot be prevented by spraying mosquitoes with DDT.

Question 14

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, one of the five top toxic substances of major concern to human and environmental health is

Accepted Answer

A) sodium. 
B) lead. 
C) oxygen. 
D) gold. 
E) polonium. 
A) sodium. 
B) lead. 
C) oxygen. 
D) gold. 
E) polonium.

Question 15

Why do some officials in European Union countries advocate the strategy of pollution prevention?

Accepted Answer

A) They would to support the manufacturing industries. 
B) They want to learn about substitutes for toxic chemicals. 
C) They support the threshold dose-response model. 
D) They have the leading epidemiologists globally. 
E) They are not interested in experimental research. 
A) They would to support the manufacturing industries. 
B) They want to learn about substitutes for toxic chemicals. 
C) They support the threshold dose-response model. 
D) They have the leading epidemiologists globally. 
E) They are not interested in experimental research.

Question 16

____________________ diseases were previously unknown or absent from human populations for more than 20 years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ diseases were previously unknown or absent...

Question 17

Viruses

Accepted Answer

A) do not evolve. 
B) are not affected by antibiotics. 
C) are not transmitted in body fluids or air. 
D) cause malaria. 
E) are a result of multidrug resistant TB. 
A) do not evolve. 
B) are not affected by antibiotics. 
C) are not transmitted in body fluids or air. 
D) cause malaria. 
E) are a result of multidrug resistant TB.

Question 18

Animal testing

Accepted Answer

A) extrapolates from low dose levels to high dose levels. 
B) extrapolates from test animals to humans. 
C) is noncontroversial. 
D) usually involves low dose levels. 
E) always involves high dose levels. 
A) extrapolates from low dose levels to high dose levels. 
B) extrapolates from test animals to humans. 
C) is noncontroversial. 
D) usually involves low dose levels. 
E) always involves high dose levels.

Question 19

A threshold dose-response model

Accepted Answer

A) implies there is a dose below which no detectable harmful effects occur. 
B) errs on the side of safety. 
C) implies that each dose of a harmful substance carries a risk of causing harm. 
D) is useful for assessing chronic toxicity. 
E) assumes chemicals vary widely in their toxicity. 
A) implies there is a dose below which no detectable harmful effects occur. 
B) errs on the side of safety. 
C) implies that each dose of a harmful substance carries a risk of causing harm. 
D) is useful for assessing chronic toxicity. 
E) assumes chemicals vary widely in their toxicity.

Question 20

The toxicity of a substance is a measure of its

Accepted Answer

A) harmfulness. 
B) biodegradability. 
C) dosage. 
D) mass. 
E) proliferation. 
A) harmfulness. 
B) biodegradability. 
C) dosage. 
D) mass. 
E) proliferation.

The endocrine system is least likely to be disrupted by the intake of

Probability gives us a mathematical estimate that an event is likely to occur.

How does pollution prevention support the precautionary principle in preventing harm to humans and ecosystems caused by toxic chemicals?

One problem with the ____________________ is that chemicals would require thorough toxicity screening, making it very expensive to introduce any new chemicals into society.

After poverty and gender, the greatest risks people in the United States face are mainly from lifestyle choices.

Reducing the amount of human input can decrease the risks associated with a system's reliability. Why is this so? Why is this not always the best solution?

DDT is banned in most countries but is still widely used for malaria control.

Why is it difficult to estimate chemical toxicity in real life using laboratory experiments?

The influenza virus is typically spread by

Research has indicated that long-term exposure to some chemicals at low doses may disrupt the body's immune, nervous, and endocrine systems.

Slowing the spread of TB requires

Which statement about mercury is true?

Malaria

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, one of the five top toxic substances of major concern to human and environmental health is

Why do some officials in European Union countries advocate the strategy of pollution prevention?

____________________ diseases were previously unknown or absent from human populations for more than 20 years.

Viruses

Animal testing

A threshold dose-response model

The toxicity of a substance is a measure of its

Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems

Biodiversity and Evolution

Community Ecology, Population Ecology, and the Human Population

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Species Approach

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach

Food, Soil, and Pest Management

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Air Pollution, Climate Change, and Ozone Depletion

Urbanization and Solid and Hazardous Waste

Economics, Politics, Worldviews, and Sustainability

Filters

Exam 11: Environmental Hazards and Human Health

The endocrine system is least likely to be disrupted by the intake of

Probability gives us a mathematical estimate that an event is likely to occur.

How does pollution prevention support the precautionary principle in preventing harm to humans and ecosystems caused by toxic chemicals?

One problem with the ____________________ is that chemicals would require thorough toxicity screening, making it very expensive to introduce any new chemicals into society.

After poverty and gender, the greatest risks people in the United States face are mainly from lifestyle choices.

Reducing the amount of human input can decrease the risks associated with a system's reliability. Why is this so? Why is this not always the best solution?

DDT is banned in most countries but is still widely used for malaria control.

Why is it difficult to estimate chemical toxicity in real life using laboratory experiments?

The influenza virus is typically spread by

Research has indicated that long-term exposure to some chemicals at low doses may disrupt the body's immune, nervous, and endocrine systems.

Slowing the spread of TB requires

Which statement about mercury is true?

Malaria

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, one of the five top toxic substances of major concern to human and environmental health is

Why do some officials in European Union countries advocate the strategy of pollution prevention?

____________________ diseases were previously unknown or absent from human populations for more than 20 years.

Viruses

Animal testing

A threshold dose-response model

The toxicity of a substance is a measure of its

Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability

Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems

Biodiversity and Evolution

Community Ecology, Population Ecology, and the Human Population

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Species Approach

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach

Food, Soil, and Pest Management

Water Resources and Water Pollution

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Air Pollution, Climate Change, and Ozone Depletion

Urbanization and Solid and Hazardous Waste

Economics, Politics, Worldviews, and Sustainability

Filters