Question 1

Describe the following types of drinking: Heavy Drinking,Binge Drinking,and Extreme Drinking

Accepted Answer

Heavy drinking consists of more than fou

Question 2

All of the following actions mediate the reinforcing effects of alcohol except:

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitating GABAA receptor activation in the nucleus accumbens. 
B)  activating GABAA receptors located on GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area. 
C)  decreasing inhibition for mesolimbic dopamine neurons. 
D)  decreasing β-endorphin levels in the nucleus accumbens. 
A)  facilitating GABAA receptor activation in the nucleus accumbens. 
B)  activating GABAA receptors located on GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area. 
C)  decreasing inhibition for mesolimbic dopamine neurons. 
D)  decreasing β-endorphin levels in the nucleus accumbens.

Question 3

If you were to develop a drug for alcohol addiction by targeting alcohol's actions on the glutamate neurotransmitter system,which of the following would be a viable development strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Develop an agonist for NMDA receptors. 
B)  Develop an antagonist for NMDA receptors. 
C)  Develop a positive modulator for NMDA receptors. 
D)  Develop a negative modulator for NMDA receptors. 
A)  Develop an agonist for NMDA receptors. 
B)  Develop an antagonist for NMDA receptors. 
C)  Develop a positive modulator for NMDA receptors. 
D)  Develop a negative modulator for NMDA receptors.

Question 4

The order of products produced during the metabolic process for alcohol consists of:

Accepted Answer

A)  acetic acid, acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide. 
B)  acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide, acetic acid. 
C)  acetaldehyde, acetate, water. 
D)  acetate, acetaldehyde, aldehyde dehydrogenase. 
A)  acetic acid, acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide. 
B)  acetaldehyde, carbon dioxide, acetic acid. 
C)  acetaldehyde, acetate, water. 
D)  acetate, acetaldehyde, aldehyde dehydrogenase.

Question 5

An urge to consume more alcohol after consuming one of two drinks is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  hormesis. 
B)  alcohol craving. 
C)  alcohol priming. 
D)  impulsivity. 
A)  hormesis. 
B)  alcohol craving. 
C)  alcohol priming. 
D)  impulsivity.

Question 6

The actions of alcohol at glutamate NMDA receptors consist of:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting the flow of ions through the NMDA receptor channel. 
B)  increasing the flow of negatively charged ions while decreasing the flow of positively charged ions. 
C)  preventing glutamate from binding to the NMDA receptor. 
D)  binding to a site within the NMDA receptor channel. 
A)  inhibiting the flow of ions through the NMDA receptor channel. 
B)  increasing the flow of negatively charged ions while decreasing the flow of positively charged ions. 
C)  preventing glutamate from binding to the NMDA receptor. 
D)  binding to a site within the NMDA receptor channel.

Question 7

A cognitive-behavioral therapy for alcohol addiction does not insist on a complete cessation from alcohol use.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Alcohol indirect inhibition of vasopressin may lead to the following effects except:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased urination. 
B)  increased body temperature. 
C)  impaired cognition. 
D)  lower blood pressure. 
A)  increased urination. 
B)  increased body temperature. 
C)  impaired cognition. 
D)  lower blood pressure.

Question 9

Beverage alcohol is:

Accepted Answer

A)  ethanol. 
B)  methanol. 
C)  isopranol. 
D)  ethylene. 
A)  ethanol. 
B)  methanol. 
C)  isopranol. 
D)  ethylene.

Question 10

Heavy drinking during a short period of time is called ________ drinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Heavy drinking during a short period of...

Question 11

The following effects occur by alcohol via the 5-HT₃ receptor except:

Accepted Answer

A)  greater serotonin levels leading to activation of 5-HT₃ receptors. 
B)  greater flow of ions through the 5-HT₃ receptor channel. 
C)  increased SK2 channel activation. 
D)  increased dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens 
A)  greater serotonin levels leading to activation of 5-HT₃ receptors. 
B)  greater flow of ions through the 5-HT₃ receptor channel. 
C)  increased SK2 channel activation. 
D)  increased dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens

Question 12

Describe how GABAA receptors mediate alcohol's reinforcing effects.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol facilitates GABAA receptor activ

Question 13

As with GABAA receptors,alcohol binds ______________ to NMDA receptors.

Accepted Answer

A)  weakly 
B)  noncompetitively 
C)  selectively 
D)  irreversibly 
A)  weakly 
B)  noncompetitively 
C)  selectively 
D)  irreversibly

Question 14

Alcohol is a positive modulator for ________ receptors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alcohol is a positive modulator for ________...

Question 15

Why might someone experience weaker effects from alcohol with a full stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  People consume less alcohol on a full stomach than on an empty stomach. 
B)  Alcohol soaks into food in the stomach, preventing alcohol absorption. 
C)  There is longer exposure to alcohol dehydregenase enzymes. 
D)  Thiamine in food prevents the transportation of alcohol through intestinal walls. 
A)  People consume less alcohol on a full stomach than on an empty stomach. 
B)  Alcohol soaks into food in the stomach, preventing alcohol absorption. 
C)  There is longer exposure to alcohol dehydregenase enzymes. 
D)  Thiamine in food prevents the transportation of alcohol through intestinal walls.

Question 16

By inhibiting calcium channels,what effect does alcohol have a neurotransmission?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inhibits release of neurotransmitters from vesicles. 
B)  Prevents excitatory postsynaptic potentials. 
C)  Prevents neurotransmitter reupake. 
D)  Inhibits transportation of neurotransmitters through synaptic vesicular transporters. 
A)  Inhibits release of neurotransmitters from vesicles. 
B)  Prevents excitatory postsynaptic potentials. 
C)  Prevents neurotransmitter reupake. 
D)  Inhibits transportation of neurotransmitters through synaptic vesicular transporters.

Question 17

Alcohol is an example of hormesis,which means:

Accepted Answer

A)  a tendency for physiological functions to maintain a certain set point. 
B)  beneficial effects produced by low doses of a toxic substance. 
C)  a disruption in hormone regulation. 
D)  a substance that causes damage to blood vessels. 
A)  a tendency for physiological functions to maintain a certain set point. 
B)  beneficial effects produced by low doses of a toxic substance. 
C)  a disruption in hormone regulation. 
D)  a substance that causes damage to blood vessels.

Question 18

About one pint of a 16 oz U.S.domestic beer is equivalent to:

Accepted Answer

A)  100 proof. 
B)  15% alcohol. 
C)  a standard drink. 
D)  50g of alcohol in 100 ml solution. 
A)  100 proof. 
B)  15% alcohol. 
C)  a standard drink. 
D)  50g of alcohol in 100 ml solution.

Question 19

All of the following occur for GABA neurons from chronic alcohol administration except:

Accepted Answer

A)  the density of GABAA receptors is reduced. 
B)  GABAA receptors become less affected by alcohol. 
C)  dopamine becomes more effective for inhibiting GABA neurons. 
D)  minimal changes in endorphin levels, disinhibiting GABA neuron activity. 
A)  the density of GABAA receptors is reduced. 
B)  GABAA receptors become less affected by alcohol. 
C)  dopamine becomes more effective for inhibiting GABA neurons. 
D)  minimal changes in endorphin levels, disinhibiting GABA neuron activity.

Question 20

Pharmacological treatments for alcohol addiction attempt to reduce alcohol intakeby any of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing absorption of alcohol. 
B)  producing aversive effects when alcohol is consumed. 
C)  weakening the reinforcing effects of alcohol. 
D)  reducing cravings for alcohol. 
A)  preventing absorption of alcohol. 
B)  producing aversive effects when alcohol is consumed. 
C)  weakening the reinforcing effects of alcohol. 
D)  reducing cravings for alcohol.

Describe the following types of drinking: Heavy Drinking,Binge Drinking,and Extreme Drinking

All of the following actions mediate the reinforcing effects of alcohol except:

If you were to develop a drug for alcohol addiction by targeting alcohol's actions on the glutamate neurotransmitter system,which of the following would be a viable development strategy?

The order of products produced during the metabolic process for alcohol consists of:

An urge to consume more alcohol after consuming one of two drinks is called:

The actions of alcohol at glutamate NMDA receptors consist of:

A cognitive-behavioral therapy for alcohol addiction does not insist on a complete cessation from alcohol use.

Alcohol indirect inhibition of vasopressin may lead to the following effects except:

Beverage alcohol is:

Heavy drinking during a short period of time is called ________ drinking.

The following effects occur by alcohol via the 5-HT₃ receptor except:

Describe how GABAA receptors mediate alcohol's reinforcing effects.

As with GABAA receptors,alcohol binds ______________ to NMDA receptors.

Alcohol is a positive modulator for ________ receptors.

Why might someone experience weaker effects from alcohol with a full stomach?

By inhibiting calcium channels,what effect does alcohol have a neurotransmission?

Alcohol is an example of hormesis,which means:

About one pint of a 16 oz U.S.domestic beer is equivalent to:

All of the following occur for GABA neurons from chronic alcohol administration except:

Pharmacological treatments for alcohol addiction attempt to reduce alcohol intakeby any of the following except:

Introduction to Psychopharmacology

The Nervous System

Neurotransmission

Properties of Drugs

Drugs of Abuse

Psychostimulants

Nicotine and Caffeine

GHP and Inhalants

Opioids

Cannabinoids

Psychedelic Drugs

Treatments for Depression and Bipolar Disorder

Treatments for Anxiety Disorders

Antipsychotic Drugs

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Exam 8: Alcohol

Describe the following types of drinking: Heavy Drinking,Binge Drinking,and Extreme Drinking

All of the following actions mediate the reinforcing effects of alcohol except:

If you were to develop a drug for alcohol addiction by targeting alcohol's actions on the glutamate neurotransmitter system,which of the following would be a viable development strategy?

The order of products produced during the metabolic process for alcohol consists of:

An urge to consume more alcohol after consuming one of two drinks is called:

The actions of alcohol at glutamate NMDA receptors consist of:

A cognitive-behavioral therapy for alcohol addiction does not insist on a complete cessation from alcohol use.

Alcohol indirect inhibition of vasopressin may lead to the following effects except:

Beverage alcohol is:

Heavy drinking during a short period of time is called ________ drinking.

The following effects occur by alcohol via the 5-HT₃ receptor except:

Describe how GABAA receptors mediate alcohol's reinforcing effects.

As with GABAA receptors,alcohol binds ______________ to NMDA receptors.

Alcohol is a positive modulator for ________ receptors.

Why might someone experience weaker effects from alcohol with a full stomach?

By inhibiting calcium channels,what effect does alcohol have a neurotransmission?

Alcohol is an example of hormesis,which means:

About one pint of a 16 oz U.S.domestic beer is equivalent to:

All of the following occur for GABA neurons from chronic alcohol administration except:

Pharmacological treatments for alcohol addiction attempt to reduce alcohol intakeby any of the following except:

Introduction to Psychopharmacology

The Nervous System

Neurotransmission

Properties of Drugs

Drugs of Abuse

Psychostimulants

Nicotine and Caffeine

GHP and Inhalants

Opioids

Cannabinoids

Psychedelic Drugs

Treatments for Depression and Bipolar Disorder

Treatments for Anxiety Disorders

Antipsychotic Drugs

Filters