Exam 2: Ethical Theory

What is the strength of using virtue ethics theory in ethical decision making?  

Which is often cited as a motivational factor in moral decision making and the basis for moral reasoning?  

A nurse recognizes and shares with a client  an understanding of the amount of pain that the client is experiencing. What focal virtue is this situation based on?  

Which type of moral theory, rigidly applied, would most likely lead a person to consider euthanasia morally wrong, even when it is done to end the pain and suffering of a patient?  

What focal virtue is best exemplified by soundness, reliability, and wholeness of moral character?  

Which concept was first noted in the writings of Socrates?  

What is the Kantian maxim requiring that one treat others always as ends and never as a means?  

Scenario: In a hospital there are limited organs available for transplant. There are two patients waiting for a liver transplant. One patient is a female, married, with four children; the other is a male, unmarried, and a homeless alcoholic. The decision is made that the female is the priority to receive the next available liver. Which of the following most clearly supports this decision?  

What kind of philosophy is a nurse engaged in when debating what is considered good or bad, right or wrong?  

Which moral perspective propounds the belief that people can figure out absolute moral rules which derive from the universe and that these truths are superior to the information received from the senses?  

What is an example of rationalism?  

What is the term for the Kantian maxim requiring that no action be judged as right which cannot reasonably become a law by which every person should always abide?  

During a healthcare team meeting, the physician asks the other members of the team for their input on how best to care for a particular patient, rather than dictating a prescribed plan of care. What ethical theory does this situation best exemplify?  

Which ethical theory, when applied, would most likely lead to making meals for a needy family?  

A nurse performs CPR on a choking patient and in the process breaks the sternum, which then leads to the patient's death. Which ethical theory would say that the nurse's actions were inherently good because of the intent, regardless of the outcome?  

A nurse notices a patient crying and decides to offer some reassurance, rather walking away and giving the patient privacy. What focal virtue is the nurse exhibiting?  

A client with cancer is refusing chemotherapy, despite the possible consequences. The nurse caring for this client knows that the client will most likely deteriorate without the chemotherapy. What is this an example of?  

What focal virtue is measured by other people's recognition of the nurse's consistency and predictability in following moral norms?  

What theory is based on the view that the rightness or wrongness of an act depends upon the nature of the act, rather than its consequences?