Question 1

Polyploidy can lead to very rapid speciation in plants because

Accepted Answer

A)  polyploidy increases the amount of gene flow between polyploid plants and nonpolyploid plants. 
B)  the DNA sequences of essential genes are altered to such a degree that the polyploid plant can no longer mate with the original species. 
C)  the gametes of polyploid plants have too many chromosomes and cannot fuse to the gametes of the original species. 
D)  when a plant becomes polyploid, it often loses the ability to make gametes of any type. 
A)  polyploidy increases the amount of gene flow between polyploid plants and nonpolyploid plants. 
B)  the DNA sequences of essential genes are altered to such a degree that the polyploid plant can no longer mate with the original species. 
C)  the gametes of polyploid plants have too many chromosomes and cannot fuse to the gametes of the original species. 
D)  when a plant becomes polyploid, it often loses the ability to make gametes of any type.

Question 2

In the following illustration of adaptive radiation of mammals,which is the ancestral species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grizzly bear 
B)  Brontotherium 
C)  Woolly mammoth 
D)  Morganucodon 
A)  Grizzly bear 
B)  Brontotherium 
C)  Woolly mammoth 
D)  Morganucodon

Question 3

Which of the following does NOT provide an example of geographic isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two snail populations live in two valleys on opposite sides of a mountain range. 
B)  Two bird populations live on adjacent mountains with a narrow valley between them. 
C)  Two squirrel populations live on opposite sides of a wide, deep river. 
D)  Two fish populations live in different lakes. 
A)  Two snail populations live in two valleys on opposite sides of a mountain range. 
B)  Two bird populations live on adjacent mountains with a narrow valley between them. 
C)  Two squirrel populations live on opposite sides of a wide, deep river. 
D)  Two fish populations live in different lakes.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT due to the common ancestry of related species?

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous structures 
B)  vestigial structures 
C)  analogous structures 
D)  descendant structures 
A)  homologous structures 
B)  vestigial structures 
C)  analogous structures 
D)  descendant structures

Question 5

Populations within a species are connected by

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  continental drift. 
D)  genetic drift. 
A)  gene flow. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  continental drift. 
D)  genetic drift.

Question 6

Geographic isolation can result in speciation but usually only over long periods of time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an example of a prezygotic barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two populations of plants produce flowers at different times of year. 
B)  The reproductive organ of the male of one species of damselfly is physically unable to deposit sperm in the reproductive receptacle of the female of another species of damselfly. 
C)  The hybrid produced by the mating of a lion and a tiger is reproductively sterile. 
D)  One population of frogs lives in the middle of a pond and the other lives exclusively on land. 
A)  Two populations of plants produce flowers at different times of year. 
B)  The reproductive organ of the male of one species of damselfly is physically unable to deposit sperm in the reproductive receptacle of the female of another species of damselfly. 
C)  The hybrid produced by the mating of a lion and a tiger is reproductively sterile. 
D)  One population of frogs lives in the middle of a pond and the other lives exclusively on land.

Question 8

________ barriers cause speciation to occur by preventing fertilization when two individuals of different populations attempt to mate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ barriers cause speciation to occur by...

Question 9

Today's diversity of mammals originated with an adaptive radiation that occurred 65 million years ago.This adaptive radiation occurred because

Accepted Answer

A)  ecological niches were opened up and predators were removed. 
B)  the evolution of a novel trait that gave the animals an advantage. 
C)  the ancestral species colonized a new continent. 
D)  increased competition led to rapid natural selection. 
A)  ecological niches were opened up and predators were removed. 
B)  the evolution of a novel trait that gave the animals an advantage. 
C)  the ancestral species colonized a new continent. 
D)  increased competition led to rapid natural selection.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Male deer with large branching antlers are more likely to mate. 
B)  A blue lizard washes away from a population of mostly green lizards during a hurricane and ends up on an island containing no other lizards to mate with. 
C)  One population of frogs mates in the deep water of a pond and another population of frogs mates on the shore of the same pond. 
D)  One individual from a population of fruit flies from an apple orchard is blown by heavy winds into another orchard where it mates with a different population of fruit flies. 
A)  Male deer with large branching antlers are more likely to mate. 
B)  A blue lizard washes away from a population of mostly green lizards during a hurricane and ends up on an island containing no other lizards to mate with. 
C)  One population of frogs mates in the deep water of a pond and another population of frogs mates on the shore of the same pond. 
D)  One individual from a population of fruit flies from an apple orchard is blown by heavy winds into another orchard where it mates with a different population of fruit flies.

Question 11

Which of the following must take place for speciation to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  reproductive isolation 
B)  geographic isolation 
C)  polyploidy 
D)  hybridization 
A)  reproductive isolation 
B)  geographic isolation 
C)  polyploidy 
D)  hybridization

Question 12

The distance needed for geographic isolation is

Accepted Answer

A)  larger for a crow than it is for a snail. 
B)  smaller for a crow than it is for a snail. 
C)  the same for both a crow and a snail. 
D)  impossible to determine because bird species cannot be geographically isolated. 
A)  larger for a crow than it is for a snail. 
B)  smaller for a crow than it is for a snail. 
C)  the same for both a crow and a snail. 
D)  impossible to determine because bird species cannot be geographically isolated.

Question 13

Two species live in the same area but breed in different parts of their habitat.These species are

Accepted Answer

A)  geographically isolated. 
B)  ecologically isolated. 
C)  artificially isolated. 
D)  likely to produce hybrids. 
A)  geographically isolated. 
B)  ecologically isolated. 
C)  artificially isolated. 
D)  likely to produce hybrids.

Question 14

Gene flow prevents two populations from becoming genetically different.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

When speciation is caused by a rapid change in chromosomal number such as ________,new species form in a single generation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When speciation is caused by a rapid...

Question 16

________ speciation occurs when a new species arises in the absence of geographic isolation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ speciation occurs when a new species...

Question 17

The only modern humans that exhibit Neanderthal genes are descended from non-African ancestors.This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrids produced by interbreeding between Neanderthals and African humans were not fertile. 
B)  the ancestors of African humans have the same ancestors as Neanderthals. 
C)  Neanderthals evolved outside of Africa, so only humans who lived outside of Africa could have interbred with them. 
D)  African humans evolved after Neanderthals went extinct. 
A)  hybrids produced by interbreeding between Neanderthals and African humans were not fertile. 
B)  the ancestors of African humans have the same ancestors as Neanderthals. 
C)  Neanderthals evolved outside of Africa, so only humans who lived outside of Africa could have interbred with them. 
D)  African humans evolved after Neanderthals went extinct.

Question 18

Speciation cannot occur without geographic isolation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Polyploidy in plants can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  prezygotic isolation. 
B)  reduced chromosome numbers. 
C)  reversed meiosis. 
D)  postzygotic isolation. 
A)  prezygotic isolation. 
B)  reduced chromosome numbers. 
C)  reversed meiosis. 
D)  postzygotic isolation.

Question 20

The primary difference between the prezygotic barriers and postzygotic barriers involved in reproductive isolation is that prezygotic barriers

Accepted Answer

A)  are related to embryos and postzygotic barriers are related to gametes. 
B)  occur in species that undergo only asexual reproduction, whereas postzygotic barriers occur in species that undergo sexual reproduction. 
C)  occur in species undergoing allopatric speciation, whereas postzygotic barriers occur in species undergoing sympatric speciation. 
D)  prevent fertilization from occurring, whereas postzygotic barriers prevent offspring from developing or being reproductively successful. 
A)  are related to embryos and postzygotic barriers are related to gametes. 
B)  occur in species that undergo only asexual reproduction, whereas postzygotic barriers occur in species that undergo sexual reproduction. 
C)  occur in species undergoing allopatric speciation, whereas postzygotic barriers occur in species undergoing sympatric speciation. 
D)  prevent fertilization from occurring, whereas postzygotic barriers prevent offspring from developing or being reproductively successful.

Exam 15: The Origin of Species

Polyploidy can lead to very rapid speciation in plants because

In the following illustration of adaptive radiation of mammals,which is the ancestral species?

Which of the following does NOT provide an example of geographic isolation?

Which of the following is NOT due to the common ancestry of related species?

Populations within a species are connected by

Geographic isolation can result in speciation but usually only over long periods of time.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a prezygotic barrier?

________ barriers cause speciation to occur by preventing fertilization when two individuals of different populations attempt to mate.

Today's diversity of mammals originated with an adaptive radiation that occurred 65 million years ago.This adaptive radiation occurred because

Which of the following is an example of reproductive isolation?

Which of the following must take place for speciation to occur?

The distance needed for geographic isolation is

Two species live in the same area but breed in different parts of their habitat.These species are

Gene flow prevents two populations from becoming genetically different.

When speciation is caused by a rapid change in chromosomal number such as ________,new species form in a single generation.

________ speciation occurs when a new species arises in the absence of geographic isolation.

The only modern humans that exhibit Neanderthal genes are descended from non-African ancestors.This is because

Speciation cannot occur without geographic isolation.

Polyploidy in plants can lead to

The primary difference between the prezygotic barriers and postzygotic barriers involved in reproductive isolation is that prezygotic barriers

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Filters