Question 1

Molecules that are nonpolar and repelled by water are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molecules that are nonpolar and repelled by...

Question 2

Carbon dioxide is carried to the lungs in the blood.When it is dissolved in water,an acid is created.How does the body prevent your blood from becoming too acidic on the way to the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Buffers in the blood release OH- ions to make the blood more basic. 
B)  Buffers in the blood accept H+ ions to make the blood less acidic. 
C)  Buffers in the blood release H+ to make the blood more basic. 
D)  Buffers in the blood accept OH- to make the blood less acidic. 
A)  Buffers in the blood release OH- ions to make the blood more basic. 
B)  Buffers in the blood accept H+ ions to make the blood less acidic. 
C)  Buffers in the blood release H+ to make the blood more basic. 
D)  Buffers in the blood accept OH- to make the blood less acidic.

Question 3

Which of the following combinations of atoms would form ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  H+ and O 
B)  Na+ and K+ 
C)  Na+ and Cl- 
D)  PO4- and I2- 
A)  H+ and O 
B)  Na+ and K+ 
C)  Na+ and Cl- 
D)  PO4- and I2-

Question 4

Oil and water do not mix together well because

Accepted Answer

A)  water is polar and oil is nonpolar. 
B)  only identical molecules of the same chemical can mix together easily. 
C)  water has hydrogen bonds and oil is polar. 
D)  water and oil are covalently bonded together. 
A)  water is polar and oil is nonpolar. 
B)  only identical molecules of the same chemical can mix together easily. 
C)  water has hydrogen bonds and oil is polar. 
D)  water and oil are covalently bonded together.

Question 5

Because they are made of hydrocarbon chains that repel water,the most hydrophobic of the four classes of organic compounds is the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because they are made of hydrocarbon chains...

Question 6

Inside a cell,the cytoplasm is generally maintained at a pH around 7.This might be so because

Accepted Answer

A)  buffers work best when the pH is close to 7. 
B)  humans are largely made up of water by weight. 
C)  most chemical reactions that occur in the cytoplasm can proceed optimally at pH 7. 
D)  ionic bonds cannot form at pH 7. 
A)  buffers work best when the pH is close to 7. 
B)  humans are largely made up of water by weight. 
C)  most chemical reactions that occur in the cytoplasm can proceed optimally at pH 7. 
D)  ionic bonds cannot form at pH 7.

Question 7

You are given an unknown substance and asked to determine whether it is polar or nonpolar.The easiest way to do this would be to

Accepted Answer

A)  determine whether the compound is held together by hydrogen bonds. 
B)  determine the number of electrons in the compound's outer shell. 
C)  mix the compound with an ionic substance to see whether its bonds can withstand the pressure. 
D)  determine whether the compound dissolves in water. 
A)  determine whether the compound is held together by hydrogen bonds. 
B)  determine the number of electrons in the compound's outer shell. 
C)  mix the compound with an ionic substance to see whether its bonds can withstand the pressure. 
D)  determine whether the compound dissolves in water.

Question 8

Which statement below is consistent with the facts that one function of nucleotides is energy transfer and that carbohydrates can be used to store energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  If we humans could not store and transfer energy, we would have to match our energy input (eating) exactly to our energy requirements, even while sleeping. 
B)  There are not enough kinds of amino acids for proteins to be used as energy storage molecules. 
C)  Energy transfer and storage are processes that are unique to humans and, therefore, they are used to determine the classification of people. 
D)  Energy transfer is how we take the energy we gather from photosynthesis and transfer it into water molecules for later use when we need energy. 
A)  If we humans could not store and transfer energy, we would have to match our energy input (eating) exactly to our energy requirements, even while sleeping. 
B)  There are not enough kinds of amino acids for proteins to be used as energy storage molecules. 
C)  Energy transfer and storage are processes that are unique to humans and, therefore, they are used to determine the classification of people. 
D)  Energy transfer is how we take the energy we gather from photosynthesis and transfer it into water molecules for later use when we need energy.

Question 9

Both trans fats and saturated fats have been linked to comparable groups of undesirable health complications.What do the two types of molecules share in common that may account for the similarity in their health impacts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both molecules form solid assemblies at body temperature and clog small blood vessels. 
B)  Both molecules are rich in hydrogen that can easily form hydrogen ions and lower the pH to harmful values. 
C)  Both molecules are linear; for reasons not currently understood, linear fatty acids appear to be more difficult to metabolize and have high biological activities. 
D)  Both molecules are rapidly converted to signal molecules called prostaglandins, creating discordant signaling within the body. 
A)  Both molecules form solid assemblies at body temperature and clog small blood vessels. 
B)  Both molecules are rich in hydrogen that can easily form hydrogen ions and lower the pH to harmful values. 
C)  Both molecules are linear; for reasons not currently understood, linear fatty acids appear to be more difficult to metabolize and have high biological activities. 
D)  Both molecules are rapidly converted to signal molecules called prostaglandins, creating discordant signaling within the body.

Question 10

Ionic bonds

Accepted Answer

A)  result from the sharing of electrons between atoms. 
B)  form only between polar molecules. 
C)  form between atoms that develop opposite charges. 
D)  result from the natural repulsion that develops between protons. 
A)  result from the sharing of electrons between atoms. 
B)  form only between polar molecules. 
C)  form between atoms that develop opposite charges. 
D)  result from the natural repulsion that develops between protons.

Question 11

You purchase a laundry product that claims to use natural enzymes to remove stains from clothing.After spilling grape juice on your favorite shirt,you apply the product and wash your shirt (following the directions,of course).When you pull the shirt out of the washer,the stain is still there! Which of the following might explain why the stain remover did not work?

Accepted Answer

A)  The stain remover and the grape juice are both hydrophilic, so the enzymes could not interact with the stain. 
B)  The pH of the water in your house has a pH of 7.0, which prevents the enzymes from working properly. 
C)  Before you got home from the store, you stopped at the mall and left your stain remover in the trunk of your car on a hot day, denaturing the enzymes. 
D)  The stain remover and the grape juice are both hydrophobic, so the enzymes could not interact with the stain. 
A)  The stain remover and the grape juice are both hydrophilic, so the enzymes could not interact with the stain. 
B)  The pH of the water in your house has a pH of 7.0, which prevents the enzymes from working properly. 
C)  Before you got home from the store, you stopped at the mall and left your stain remover in the trunk of your car on a hot day, denaturing the enzymes. 
D)  The stain remover and the grape juice are both hydrophobic, so the enzymes could not interact with the stain.

Question 12

Molecules with an uneven distribution of charge are described as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Molecules with an uneven distribution of charge...

Question 13

Lipids with a four-ring structure are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lipids with a four-ring structure are called...

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a role of fatty acids in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  energy storage 
B)  storage of genetic information 
C)  membrane construction 
D)  building blocks of fats 
A)  energy storage 
B)  storage of genetic information 
C)  membrane construction 
D)  building blocks of fats

Question 15

Nucleotides

Accepted Answer

A)  are the building blocks of proteins. 
B)  are involved in every chemical reaction in the cell. 
C)  form physical structures such as hair. 
D)  are the building blocks of nucleic acids. 
A)  are the building blocks of proteins. 
B)  are involved in every chemical reaction in the cell. 
C)  form physical structures such as hair. 
D)  are the building blocks of nucleic acids.

Question 16

The uncharged component in the core of an atom is a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The uncharged component in the core of...

Question 17

Nucleic acids contain phosphorus but not sulfur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The chemical reaction that represents the combustion of glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ à CO₂ + H₂O + E; the reactants are

Accepted Answer

A)  CO₂ and H2O. 
B)  O₂ and H2O. 
C)  C6H12O6 and O₂ . 
D)  C6H12O6 and CO₂ . 
A)  CO₂ and H2O. 
B)  O₂ and H2O. 
C)  C6H12O6 and O₂ . 
D)  C6H12O6 and CO₂ .

Question 19

Nonpolar molecules are highly charged.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Macromolecules are typically formed by repetitively adding small monomers together; which macromolecule is properly matched with the appropriate monomer?

Accepted Answer

A)  polypeptide-amino acid 
B)  nucleic acid-amino acid 
C)  polysaccharide-nucleotide 
D)  triglyceride-cholesterol 
A)  polypeptide-amino acid 
B)  nucleic acid-amino acid 
C)  polysaccharide-nucleotide 
D)  triglyceride-cholesterol

Exam 2: The Chemistry of Life

Molecules that are nonpolar and repelled by water are called ________.

Carbon dioxide is carried to the lungs in the blood.When it is dissolved in water,an acid is created.How does the body prevent your blood from becoming too acidic on the way to the lungs?

Which of the following combinations of atoms would form ionic bonds?

Oil and water do not mix together well because

Because they are made of hydrocarbon chains that repel water,the most hydrophobic of the four classes of organic compounds is the ________.

Inside a cell,the cytoplasm is generally maintained at a pH around 7.This might be so because

You are given an unknown substance and asked to determine whether it is polar or nonpolar.The easiest way to do this would be to

Which statement below is consistent with the facts that one function of nucleotides is energy transfer and that carbohydrates can be used to store energy?

Both trans fats and saturated fats have been linked to comparable groups of undesirable health complications.What do the two types of molecules share in common that may account for the similarity in their health impacts?

Ionic bonds

Molecules with an uneven distribution of charge are described as ________.

Lipids with a four-ring structure are called ________.

Which of the following is NOT a role of fatty acids in living organisms?

Nucleotides

The uncharged component in the core of an atom is a(n)________.

Nucleic acids contain phosphorus but not sulfur.

The chemical reaction that represents the combustion of glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ à CO₂ + H₂O + E; the reactants are

Nonpolar molecules are highly charged.

Macromolecules are typically formed by repetitively adding small monomers together; which macromolecule is properly matched with the appropriate monomer?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Filters