Exam 12: Education and Religion

In his research of public schools, the journalist Jonathan Kozol found that in the United States:

Your textbook notes that the average lower IQ scores recorded for African Americans in the United States are remarkably similar to the lower scores recorded for disadvantaged ethnic minorities in other countries. This provides strong support for the idea that:

The religious group that Juana belongs to was once primarily a smaller protest group of another larger religious organization, but now it has become institutionalized and no longer functions as a protest group. Sociologists would likely refer to this as a:

The linking of strongly held religious convictions with beliefs about a people's social and political destiny is called:

Kristine believes that as a Christian, she belongs to a group of people who are destined to bring the United States under God's rule as a Christian country. Her ideas are a form of:

In two to five sentences, describe the recent policy proposals enacted to reform education in the United States. In one to two sentences, what is your assessment of these policies?

Explain in three to five sentences what is meant by tracking in education, and explain how it is connected to the process of social reproduction. How does this relate to the idea that education is the great equalizer?

According to the textbook, how do Marxist sociologists explain why education expanded so rapidly with the development of capitalism?

Aiko thinks that the rise in science, technology, and rational thought leads to a kind of thinking that might mean a decline in religion for human communities. Some sociologists refer to this as:

Sally belongs to a large bureaucratic religious body with a hierarchy of officials. It is one of the largest, most recognized, and most legitimated faces of religion in her country. Sociologists would refer to this as a:

Compulsory schooling was established in Europe and the United States:

Religion helps produce social solidarity through a common set of norms and values among believers. This is most closely connected to the work of:

Luis believes that it is the responsibility of Christians and the Catholic Church to be activists and advocates for the poor. This idea is referred to as:

Alienation can be described as:

Émile Durkheim defined religion in terms of a distinction between the ________ and the ________.

Lorna's research shows a steady decline in religious participation in her small community in Texas and, thus, a decline in the social and political power of religious institutions there. Sociologists refer to this process as:

Describe the four types of religious organizations outlined in the textbook. Please explain in two to three sentences for each.

Why do religious economists believe that competition among secular viewpoints and many religions leads to increased participation in religion in modern societies?

Why did Émile Durkheim believe that religion was useful for human societies?

Allison thinks that the Chicago school system would better equip students if it were turned over to for-profit institutions instead of the state. This view is often referred to as: