Exam 8: Global Inequality

The textbook notes a recent health crisis that emerged in West Africa. The disease spread quickly because it was new to the region and because there were few health care facilities, poor-quality roads, and insufficient transportation in rural areas. This epidemic was called:

Ida studies the economic landscape of Bolivia. Her research has led her to believe that Bolivia will never develop until it abandons its traditional culture and instead focuses on productive investment. What theory or set of theories best describes her view?

Sanjay studies global hunger, particularly in Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Indonesia, Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Tajikistan. Why might she focus specifically on these countries?

According to the textbook, high-income countries are generally those countries that:

Famine and hunger are caused by both natural and social forces. In a short paragraph, explain some of the social forces that cause hunger, malnutrition, and starvation.

In a short paragraph, describe how dependency theorists explain global inequality.

The World Bank classifies nations as low income, lower middle income, upper middle income, or high income based on their per-person gross national income, or GNI-a number that reflects the average income in those nations. Why might sociologists find this form of classification problematic?

Jian Mei explains in her work that philosophy led to economic development in many of east Asia's newly industrializing economies. She is likely referring to:

In a short paragraph, explain how the World Bank measures global inequality. What are some of the problems with measuring global inequality in this way?

Mustafa is a world-systems theorist who studies the world's most powerful countries and outlines how those nations take the largest shares of the world's wealth. He is studying what kind of countries?

Liu lives in a country in which most people have adequate housing, food, and drinkable water. It is likely that he lives in a(n) ________ country.

More than 40 percent of all urban residents in developing countries live in:

Sociologists are interested in how fertility rates in low-income countries may contribute to higher poverty rates in the long term. They would argue that education affects global poverty by:

In three to five sentences, describe how world-systems theory explains global inequality.

According to the textbook, the global standard of living has ________ over the past thirty years.

The textbook notes that cultural traditions such as Confucian philosophy-with its emphasis on respect for elders, frugality, and hard work-may explain some of the economic advances in East Asia. This assertion is similar to Weber's argument that capitalism in Europe was influenced by:

Mary studies countries that were among the first to industrialize. It is likely that she is studying ________ countries.

Morgan takes the common view that economics must be viewed as independent nations engaged in diplomatic and economic relations with one another. Why would world-systems theorists critique this idea?

According to the textbook, low-income countries tend to have ________ economies.

Modernization theory argues that: